Chapter #31

ECOSYSTEMS

Chapter 31.1 Notes

• Ecosystem is a community interacting with the environment. Includes all the living and nonliving factors.

• Biotic living factors plants, animals, fungi…

• Abiotic nonliving factors soil, sunlight, air, water….

• Soil form from broken down rocks.

• Ecology is the study of how living things interact with each other and with their environment.

• Nitrogen is important because living things use it to make protein.

Cycles is the reusing of a natural resource.

1. Water cycle

2. Nitrogen cycle (plants get N mainly from the soil)

3. Oxygen-Carbon dioxide cycle

Chapter 31.2 Notes

• Succession is the changes that take place in a community as it gets older.

• Climax community is the last or final stage of succession.

• Forest community succession… Bare soil, field of weeds, field of small plants, Forest

• Lake, pond, marsh, dry land.

Chapter 31.3 Notes

• Light and temperature are 2 nonliving (abiotic) factors that are not cycled.

• Precipitation is water in the air that falls to the earth as rain or snow.

• Climate is the average of light, temperature and precipitation over many of years.

• Biome a land area with a distinct climate and with specific type of plants an animals.

1. Tropical rain forest- a lot of rain (200cm/year) about 6 feet.

2. Grassland- gophers are common3. Desert -little precipitation and lizards4. Temperate Forest- biggest temperature range5. Taiga- moose are common6. Tundra- polar bears…10-15cm of

precipitation/year.

Rainforest

Temperate Forest

Tundra

Taiga

Desert

Grasslands

• Water Ecosystem

1. Salt water

2. Fresh water

Work Cited• “Forest Succession”. May 23, 2007.

http://www.mainetreefoundation.org/forestfacts/images/successweb2.gif

• “Lake Succession”. May 23, 2007. http://www.geography.hunter.cuny.edu/~tbw/wc.notes/15.climates.veg/veg.images/lake.bog.meadow.succession.jpg

• “Biomes”. May 23, 2007. http://www.lubbockisd.org/cavazos/Duncan's%20Webpage/Images/Biomes.jpg

• “Water Cycle”. May 23, 2007. http://www.sawater.com.au/NR/rdonlyres/657AC917-D6E3-4E55-AAD1-38119A0ACBB4/0/diag_water_cycle.gif

• “tropical Rain Forest”. May 24, 2007. http://www.saburchill.com/images04/0035.jpg

• “Grassland”. May 24, 2007. http://www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/envisci/ryan/grassland/Grassland.jpg

• “Desert”. May 24, 2007. http://www.desertvoice.org/Desert/Image/Desert10.jpg

• “Temperate Forest”. May 24, 2007. http://www.physorg.com/newman/gfx/news/forests_0512_02.jpg

• “Taiga”. May 24, 2007. http://www.royalsaskmuseum.ca/research/images/taiga-exhibit.jpg

• “Tundra”. May 24, 2007. http://www.hickerphoto.com/data/media/166/tundra-animals_523.jpg

• “Swamp”. May 24, 2007. http://www.water-research.net/images/algae.jpg• “Steam”. May 24, 2007.

http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/biodiversity-museum/biodiversity-projects/ecosystems/inland-water/images/rc-biodiversity-rivers-lake_4452_1.jpg

• “Clown Fish”. May 24, 2007. http://www.3d-screensaver-downloads.com/images/free-fish-screensaver/big3.jpg

• “Underwater”. May 24, 2007. http://www.mikesparr.com/wp-content/thumb-IMG_0320.JPG

• “Open water Ocean”. May 24, 2007.

http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/graphics/ocean.jpg