Chapter 3 Theme 1b

Settling the ColoniesChapter 3 Theme 1bDetermining where to settle.ClimateNatural ResourcesAccess to overseas markets

VITAL ROLES in determining where they lived.In the SouthFertile Lands of Virginia and Carolina Colonies attracted wealthy planters.Bought thousands of Indentured Servants, slaves to work plantations.In the NorthMerchants and small farmers.Not good agricultureMade living from the seaTrading, fishing ship building.Deep water Harbor access= BIG $ (shipped overseas

The South ColoniesJamestown VirginiaFound by English Investors called the Virginia Company.Outsted Indians and made money on tobaccoPlanted first crop in early 1600Exported 10 million lbs of dry tobacco by mid centuryBig money in big plantations brought in free and slave helpSpread N to Maryland, Delaware, S to S. Carolina

The North ColoniesEnglish familiesthe Pilgrims left England in the Mayflower.Landed 2 months later in Massachusetts Bay (New England)Wanted religion centered communityAnglicans were too wealthy and corruptNew start new landPuritans came..larger than pilgrims (Salem)20000 immigrants by 1643Formed own government, if you went against the church you were asked to leave.Small Scale farming, fishing, lumbering, and shipbuilding.

The Middle ColoniesWidely varied.New York was Dutch, and Swedes in New Jersey.Swedish also settled in Delaware.Important for fur tradePennsylvania started by William Penn. QuakerDutch into commerce made New York major trading port.Planters in Delaware grew TobaccoPenn focused on wheat, corn and other food.

Carolina ColonyFirst settlers came from VirginiaGeorge and Ann Durant helped lead the way southmore land in 1661Paid 2 Yeopin Indians for a strip of land.First land transactionBecame known as Albermarle County

New group from Barbados went further south..sugar plantations. Named Charles Town after Charles the II, later changed to Charleston.Experimented and found rice was best cash crop.Had deep water harbor why did this make them wealthy?Became largest and wealthiest community.

Carolina EconomyAlbermarle TobaccoForest lumber, cows, pigs to forgeShingles, barrel staves sent to west Indies.. Why? Along with corn, wheat and pork.Most goods transported by water. Most colonies were near sea making land difficult to travel.

Tar and PitchNaval stores -stayed waterproof with tar and pitch.Came from pine trees.Producing was difficult and delicate.Men cut channels into tree trunks and stripped bark.Collected sap / turpentine

Turpentine had to be removed (few uses)Tree falls to ground 2-3 years laterChopped into sticks and burnedfire covered with earth to make kilnSticky black tar producedBurned again to produce pitch.