Chapter 3

The Age of Exploration

Vocabulary◦ Isthmus◦ Treaty

People◦ John Cabot◦ Amerigo Vespucci◦ Vasco Nunez de Balboa◦ Ferdinand Magellan

Places◦ England◦ Newfoundland and Labrador◦ Philippine Islands

Lesson 2: A Changing World

Columbus traveled to the “Indies” three timesKing Henry VII of England paid an Italian

sailor, Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot), to make the same expedition

Cabot landed in Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada) and claimed the land for England◦Like Columbus, he thought he landed in the Indies

England Explorers

Amerigo Vespucci was the first to question if the “Indies” were indeed in Asia◦Examined Marco Polo’s writings and compared them to

what he saw: DIFFERENT!◦Realized that the lands he, Columbus and Cabot had

found were not yet known to Europeans◦German mapmaker, Martin Waldseemuller, published

the first world map that included South America (named to honor Amerigo)

◦http://www.biography.com/people/amerigo-vespucci-9517978

A New Map of the World

Vasco Nunez de Balboa◦One of the first Europeans to settle in America ◦Poor farmer, had to run away from his debts◦Left Hispaniola and went to Colombia◦He and some Spanish settlers took land from Native

Americans and started a new settlement in modern-day Panama

◦1513: He and other explorers traveled west across the Isthmus of Panama and reached the Pacific Ocean

◦http://www.biography.com/people/vasco-n%C3%BA%C3%B1ez-de-balboa-9196350

Reaching the Pacific

Ferdinand Magellan◦Portuguese explorer◦1519: 5 ships and 250 sailors◦Passed through a waterway at the tip of South

America and found themselves in the Pacific Ocean◦Named it Pacific because waters were “peaceful”

compared to the Atlantic◦http://

www.biography.com/people/ferdinand-magellan-9395202

A New View of the World

Thought crossing the Pacific would take a few days: WRONG!

Took THREE MONTHS◦Many sailors died to hunger and disease◦Magellan was killed in battle in the Philippine

Islands◦Only one ship made it back to Spain in 1522

FIRST SAILORS TO TRAVEL AROUND THE WORLD!

A New View of the World (cont.)

The Treaty of Tordesillas◦More expeditions = More lands claimed◦Sometimes more than one country claimed the SAME land

Spain and Portugal asked the Catholic Church to solve the problem 1493: Church leaders drew a line on a map through the Atlantic

Ocean Portugal promised land to the East Spain promised land to the West

1494: Spain and Portugal signed the T of T Moved the dividing line farther West Gave Portugal the land that would become Brazil https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pzudWS7kVU

A New View of the World (cont.)