Chapter 3 Section 2. Fish Largest group of vertebrates Largest group of vertebrates Fish: Fish:...

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Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Section 2 Section 2

Transcript of Chapter 3 Section 2. Fish Largest group of vertebrates Largest group of vertebrates Fish: Fish:...

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Section 2Section 2

FishFish

Largest group of vertebratesLargest group of vertebrates

Fish:Fish:Ectothermic vertebrateEctothermic vertebrateLives in waterLives in waterHas fins to use for movementHas fins to use for movementObtain oxygen through gillsObtain oxygen through gillsHave scales to cover the skinHave scales to cover the skin

Obtaining OxygenObtaining Oxygen

How and where do How and where do fish get their oxygen?fish get their oxygen?The water contains The water contains

oxygenoxygenWater moves through Water moves through

the fishes throat to the the fishes throat to the gillsgills

Gills have blood Gills have blood vessels in them vessels in them

Obtaining Oxygen Obtaining Oxygen

Water flows over the gillsWater flows over the gills

Oxygen moves from the water into the bloodOxygen moves from the water into the blood

Carbon dioxide moves out of the blood and into Carbon dioxide moves out of the blood and into the water the water

The water leaves by flowing out the slits beneath The water leaves by flowing out the slits beneath the gillsthe gills

Circulatory System Circulatory System

From the gills:From the gills:Blood travels Blood travels

throughout the throughout the body in vessels body in vessels

Blood travels to all Blood travels to all regions of the bodyregions of the body

Oxygen is supplied Oxygen is supplied to the cellsto the cells

Circulatory SystemCirculatory System

What type of What type of circulatory system circulatory system do they have?do they have?ClosedClosed

The heart pumps The heart pumps the blood -> the blood ->

Moving and FeedingMoving and Feeding

How do fish move?How do fish move?Using a finUsing a fin

A fin is a thin A fin is a thin membrane stretched membrane stretched over a bony supportover a bony support

Provides a large Provides a large surface to push against surface to push against the waterthe water

Moving and Feeding Moving and Feeding

What are the bodies of fish adapted to do?What are the bodies of fish adapted to do?Efficient feedingEfficient feeding

BarracudaBarracudaSharp and pointed teethSharp and pointed teethWhy would they want sharp Why would they want sharp

teeth?teeth?

Moving and FeedingMoving and Feeding

What type of teeth do trout What type of teeth do trout have?have?Short and blunt teethShort and blunt teeth

What type of teeth do What type of teeth do basking sharks have?basking sharks have?Comb-like structures to filter Comb-like structures to filter

tiny animals tiny animals

Nervous system and SensesNervous system and Senses

Why would fish want to have a highly Why would fish want to have a highly developed nervous system and senses?developed nervous system and senses?Find foodFind foodAvoid predatorsAvoid predatorsTouch, taste, smell, and sight help them Touch, taste, smell, and sight help them

capture their foodcapture their foodA shark can smell and taste one drop of blood A shark can smell and taste one drop of blood

in 115 liters of water in 115 liters of water

ReproductionReproduction

How do they reproduce?How do they reproduce?ExternallyExternallyMale hovers close to the Male hovers close to the

femalefemaleReleases a cloud of sperm Releases a cloud of sperm

over the released eggsover the released eggs

Sharks and guppies have Sharks and guppies have internal fertilizationinternal fertilization

Groups of FishGroups of Fish

What are the three groups of fish?What are the three groups of fish?

1.1. JawlessJawless

2.2. CartilaginousCartilaginous

3.3. BonyBony

How are they classified?How are they classified? Structure of their mouth and type of skeletonStructure of their mouth and type of skeleton

Jawless FishJawless Fish

Jawless fish Jawless fish informationinformationEarliest Earliest

vertebratesvertebrates60 species today60 species todayModern jawless Modern jawless

fishes have no fishes have no scalesscales

Skeletons made of Skeletons made of cartilagecartilage

Do not have a pair Do not have a pair of finsof fins

Do not have jaws Do not have jaws – can’t bite– can’t bite

LampreyLamprey

Jawless fishJawless fish

How do they eat without a jaw?How do they eat without a jaw?Have structures for scraping, stabbing, and Have structures for scraping, stabbing, and

suckingsucking

What are the only kinds of jawless fish?What are the only kinds of jawless fish?Hagfish and lampreyHagfish and lamprey

HagfishHagfish

Jawless FishJawless Fish

HagfishHagfishLarge, slimy looking wormsLarge, slimy looking wormsCrawl into the bodies of dead or dying fishCrawl into the bodies of dead or dying fishUse their sandpaper tongue to consume Use their sandpaper tongue to consume

decaying tissuedecaying tissue

LampreyLampreyParasites to other fishParasites to other fishAttach to healthy fishes and suck in the Attach to healthy fishes and suck in the

tissues and blood of their victimstissues and blood of their victims

Cartilaginous FishesCartilaginous Fishes

What are their skeletons made of?What are their skeletons made of?Cartilage like jawless fishCartilage like jawless fish

What makes them different from jawless What makes them different from jawless fish then?fish then?Have jawsHave jawsHave a pair of finsHave a pair of fins

Cartilaginous FishesCartilaginous Fishes

Information on cartilaginous fishesInformation on cartilaginous fishesPointed, tooth-like scalesPointed, tooth-like scales

Have a texture rougher than sandpaperHave a texture rougher than sandpaper

All are carnivoresAll are carnivores

Rays and skates live on the ocean floorRays and skates live on the ocean floor

Sharks, rays, and skates are all types Sharks, rays, and skates are all types

White SharkWhite Shark

Barndoor SkateBarndoor Skate

Blue-Spotted RayBlue-Spotted Ray

Shark’s BodyShark’s BodyHow would you describe a shark?How would you describe a shark?

Stream lined bodyStream lined bodyMouth on the bottom of its headMouth on the bottom of its headJagged teeth arranged in rowsJagged teeth arranged in rows

Use only the 1Use only the 1stst row of teeth row of teeth

On the MoveOn the Move

How do sharks get oxygen?How do sharks get oxygen? Rely on currents to get water across their gillsRely on currents to get water across their gills Position themselves in currents to get water over their Position themselves in currents to get water over their

gills at nightgills at night

What do sharks spend most of their time doing?What do sharks spend most of their time doing? Hunting Hunting Attack and eat nearly anything that smells like foodAttack and eat nearly anything that smells like food Have bad eye sightHave bad eye sight

Sleeping SharkSleeping Shark

Bony FishesBony Fishes

What are types of bony fish?What are types of bony fish?TroutTroutTunaTunaGoldfishGoldfish

What is different about bony fish?What is different about bony fish?Have a pocket over their gillsHave a pocket over their gills

Bony FishBony Fish

Swim BladderSwim Bladder

How do fish swim at different depths?How do fish swim at different depths?Swim bladder: Swim bladder:

Gas-filled sac that allows them to stabilize their Gas-filled sac that allows them to stabilize their body at different depthsbody at different depths

Filled with oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxideFilled with oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide

Volume of gas can become larger or smaller Volume of gas can become larger or smaller

Change in volume changes the buoyant forceChange in volume changes the buoyant force

Swim BladderSwim Bladder

Buoyant Force:Buoyant Force:Force that water exerts upward on an Force that water exerts upward on an

underwater objectunderwater object

If the buoyant force is greater than the weight If the buoyant force is greater than the weight of the object it floatsof the object it floats

If the buoyant force is less than the weight of If the buoyant force is less than the weight of the object it sinksthe object it sinks

Diversity of Bony FishDiversity of Bony Fish

Make up 95 % of all species of fishMake up 95 % of all species of fish

Live in salt and fresh waterLive in salt and fresh water

Sea DragonSea Dragon

Flying GurnardsFlying Gurnards

ClownfishClownfish

Balloon fish Balloon fish

Bluefin TunaBluefin Tuna

TroutTrout