Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.
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Transcript of Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.
![Page 1: Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042608/56649ee05503460f94bf0514/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 3 Section 1Geography of the Fertile Crescent
![Page 2: Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042608/56649ee05503460f94bf0514/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Rivers support the growth of civilization
1. What is the Fertile Crescent?
It is a large arc shaped area of rich, or fertile farmland in a region called Mesopotamia.
• Mesopotamia means “the land between two rivers” in Greek.
• It was first settled more than 12,000 y.a.
EuphratesRiver
Tigris River
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Rise of Civilization
2. What is silt? Silt is a mixture of
rich soil and tiny rocks.
• Every year floods would bring rich silt to replenish the soil with nutrients.
• The first farms formed as early as 7000 BC.
![Page 4: Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042608/56649ee05503460f94bf0514/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
3.What did farmers grow?
Farmers grew wheat, barley, flax, and other types of grain.
• Livestock, birds, and fish were good sources of food.
FlaxBarley
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Farming and Cities4. Why was farming
difficult?
There was very little rainfall.
If it did rain a lot, the rivers would flood the crops.
If there was not enough rain, crops would die. (drought)
![Page 6: Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042608/56649ee05503460f94bf0514/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Controlling Water
5. What is irrigation? Irrigation is a way of supplying water to an area of land.
6. What are canals? Canals are human made waterways that connected these basins to a network of ditches.
7. Why did Mesopotamians build canals?7. Why did Mesopotamians build canals? To control the river’s flow.
![Page 7: Chapter 3 Section 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022042608/56649ee05503460f94bf0514/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Food Surpluses
8. What is surplus? Surplus means more than you need.
• Irrigation increased the amount of food farmers were able to grow which created surpluses of food.
• Irrigation made farmers more productive so fewer people needed to farm.
Oats
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9.What is division of labor? It is an arrangement in which each worker
specializes in a particular task or job.
WhyDid Craftsmen
came to work in
Mesopotamia?Because
of Division
of Labor and
Morejobs
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The Appearance of Cities…around 4000 and 3000 BC
UR
Ishtar’sGate
Babylon
NinevehBabylon
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Summary
• Mesopotamia’s rich, fertile lands supported productive farming which led to the development of cities. If they had a steady food supply, people could develop a complex society.