PROBING MATTER

CHAPTER 3

3.1 STATES OF MATTER

MATTER

the material substance of the universe that has mass, occupies space, and is convertible to energy

STATES OF MATTER

solid liquid

gas

SOLID LIQUID GASHas definite

shapeNo definite shape; take the shape of its container

No definite shape; take the shape of its container

Has definite volume

Has definite volume

Has no definite volumeSmall

compressibility

Large compressibilit

y

Small compressibilit

yVery small

thermal expansion

small thermal expansion

moderate thermal

expansion

High densityMedium density Low density

PLASMA It is the fourth state of matter and the most common form of matter in the universe

3.1 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MATTER

PROPERTIES

Are the distinguishing characteristics that we use to identify different samples of matter

Physical Chemical

These are the characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance to another substance

These are the characteristics that can be observed when the substance undergoes a change in its composition

Classify each of the following properties of a substance as physical or chemical.

1) color2) flammability3) odor4) boiling point5) oxidation

ANSWER:1) Physical2) Chemical3) Physical4) Physical5) Chemical

PHYSICAL

COLORMELTING

POINT BOILING POINT

ODOR

TASTESOLUBILITYDENSITY

MALLEABILITY

CHEMICALCOMBUSTION

OXIDATION

3.5CHANGES IN MATTER

CHANGES IN MATTER

Physical Chemical

Takes place without any corresponding changes in composition

Any changes that are accompanied by composition changes

Examples of physical changes:

1) Setting a jelly2) Melting a butter3) Boiling water4) Sawing a board in half5) Breaking a glass

Examples of chemical changes:6) Rusting of a nail7) Baking a cake8) Fermentation of rice wine9) Tarnishing of silver spoon10)Dissolving antacid in water

Identify each of the following as physical or chemical change:

1) Digesting a chocolate bar2) Bleaching a stain3) Chopping a sweet potato4) Developing a polaroid picture5) Inflating a balloon

ANSWERS:6) Chemical7) Chemical8) Physical9) Chemical10)Physical

SOLID GASLIQUID

SUBLIMATION

SOLIDIFICATION

MELTING EVAPORATION

CONDENSATIONFREEZING

SOLID GASLIQUID

1. _________________

6. ____________________

2. ___________ 3. ______________

4. _______________5. _______________