Chapter 3 Corrected Oct062011

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Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter discusses the methods, procedures and the materials, the

Treatments and number of Replications to be made in the event that this proposed

experiment will be carried out. This chapter also presents the data to be collected.

[USE JUSTIFY]

Research Design

The present study used the single group design. [DISCUSS HOW THIS DESIGN

IS DONE]

General Procedure [CORRECT LEFT-SIDE HEADING]

A. Collection and Preparation of Malunggay Seed Extract

The researchers will collect/purchase[DELETE] malunggay seeds in pods. A

total of twelve (12) malunggay kernels will be used in this study. The shelling of the

malunggay pods will be done manually by the researchers. The extract will be obtained

by pounding the seeds on a Mortar and Pestle. Using a cheesecloth, the pounded

Malunggay seeds will be pressed to extract its juice.

During the extraction process, the specified number of malunggay kernels to

be used for each treatment will be pounded separately, such that, for T1 which is 1

Kernel:1Liter water, only one (1) kernel will be pounded and its juice will be extracted

and immediately added to one (1) liter bottled water sample, and so on for the other

Treatments.

[USE JUSTIFY!]


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B. Collection and Preparation of Water

The researchers will collect water samples from an open well found in

Dipolog City [PLEASE SPECIFY THE LOCATION OF THESE WELLS] . The

Researchers will get eight (8) Liters sample from the well.

The researchers will prepare and use a total of eight (8) one- liter-capacity

plastic bottles. These eight bottles will be filled with water [ADD: samples] from

the well [ONLY 1 WELL?] and will be used for the two (2) set-ups or replications.

There will be a set of four (4) bottles for each replication where each bottle

contains 1 Liter water.

C. Preparations of Treatments

The different concentrations of malunggay seed extracts added to the water

samples will be expressed based on its quantity or number of seeds (kernels) per liter of

water. The treatments, in two (2) replications A and B, will use the following proportions

or number of malunggay seed (kernel) extracts added to a liter of water, viz:

Replication A

Treatments (Tx)

No. ofMalunggay

Kernels(pcs.)

Volume of water(Liter)

Control (0Kernel:1Li.) 0 1

T1 (1 kernel:1Li.) 1 1

T2 (2 Kernels:1Li.) 2 1



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Replication B

There will be two (2) replications ( Replication A and Replication B) of the

treatments in this study. [IMPROVE THE ABOVE TABLE TABLES HAVE

BORDERS. USE THE WORD REPLICATES INSTEAD OF REPLICATIONS]

The set-ups with malunggay extracts will be equally exposed under the heat

of the sun for six (6) hours. The Control, in two (2) bottles, will be left unDESposed

[WHAT DO YOU MEAN BY THIS WORD?] to the heat of the sun.

D. Data-Gathering Procedure

After six (6) hours of sun exposure of the six (6) bottles containing

malunggay seed extracts , all the eight (8) bottles containing the water samples

will be brought to Agape Laboratory in Dipolog City for Laboratory Analysis to find

out their pH, turbidity, and E.Coli presence, respectively.

The results will be the source of data for interpretation and analysis.

Treatments (Tx)

No. ofMalunggay

Kernels

(pcs.)

Volume of water(Liter)

Control (0Kernel:1Li.) 0 1

T1 (1 kernel:1Li.) 1 1




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Materials and Equipment

This experiment does not require the use of sophisticated gadgets. The following

are the materials and equipments needed:

1 Plastic bottles (one liter capacity), with caps 8 pcs.

2 Malunggay Seeds- 12 Kernels /pcs.

3 Open Well water Samples, 8 Liters

4 Mortar and Pestle 1 pair

5 Cheese Cloth or clean cotton handkerchief- 1 pc.

6 Marker

Data Gathering Procedure

[WHERE ARE YOUR PROCEDURES? WHATARE THE STEPS TO FOLLOW? THIS

IS VERY IMPORTANT IN CHAPTER 3 WHICH YOU FAILED TO SHOW. PLEASE

ARRANGE THE LEFT-SIDE HEADINGS IN CORRECT SEQUENCE]

Statistical Treatment of the Study

Table 4.1 Laboratory Results of Water Analysis

TRIAL

TxControl T1 T2 T3

0 Kernel: 1 Liter 1Kernel: 1Liter 2 Kernel: 1Liter 3 Kernel:1 Liter

pHTurbid-

ityE.

Coli pHTurbid-

ityE.

Coli pHTurbid-

ityE.

Coli pHTurbid-

ityE.

Coli

Replication1

Replication2


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[USE THE TERM REPLICATE]

Table 4.1above will contain the primary data taken by the

Researchers from the results of the laboratory analysis. F-test or ANOVA

(Analysis Of Variance) will be used to prove the hypothesis of this study relative

to the effectiveness of the combination of Solar Heat and manlunggay Seed

Extract as water purification agents.

The ANOVA will be used to compare the means of the different

Treatments.

TOTAL

MEANS


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One (1) Literwatersamples from three (3)different wells found

Dipolog City, DapitanCity and themunicipality ofKatipunan.

Collect/Purchase two

(2) kilograms of fresh

malunggay seeds in

pods

All 12 bottles containing

the water samples will

be brought to Agape

Laboratory for analysis

to find out their pH,

Color, and E.Coli

presence

Preparation of twelve

(12) sterilized plastic

bottles.Pounding the seeds

using a Mortar andPestle

Each water sample will

have four (4) set-ups

each containing 100mL

of its respective water.

The Control group is

going to be brought to

Agape Lab for analysis.

Three (3) of the set ups

will have treatments T1,

T2, and T3 and a

Control with different

malunggay extract

concentration: T1= 5%,

T2= 10% and T3= 15%

Control= 0%

Four (4) hours of sun

ex osure

Manual shelling of the

malunggay

Pounded Malunggay

seeds will be pressed to

extract its juice using a

cheesecloth


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Bibliography

Madsen M, J Schlundt, and EF Omer (1987) Effect of water coagulation by seeds ofMoringa oleiferaon bacterial concentrations. Journal of Tropical Medicine andHygiene90: 101-109. Retrieved August 13, 2011.

Olsen A (1987) Low technology water purification by bentonite clay and Moringaoleiferaseed flocculation as performed in Sudanese villages. Effects onSchistosoma mansonicercariae. Water Research21(5): 517-522. RetrievedAugust 25, 2011

Duke JA (1987) Moringaceae: Horseradish-tree, benzolive-tree, drumstick-tree,sohnja, moringa, murunga-kai, malunggay, p. 19-28. In: M. Benge (ed.) Moringa: Amultipurpose vegetable and tree that purifies water. Sci. & Technol./ For., Environ.,& Natural Resources Agro-Forestation Tech. Ser. 27. US AID, Washington, D.C.Retrieved August 28, 2011

Yongbai KA (2005) Studies on the potential use of medicinal plants and macrofungi(lower plants) in water and waste water purification. Retreived September 8, 2011from www.biotech.kth.se/iobb/news/kenneth04.doc.

Berger MR, M Habs, SA Jahn, S Schmahl (1984) Toxicological assessment ofseeds from Moringa oleiferaand Moringa stenopetala, two highly efficient primarycoagulants for domestic water treatment of tropical raw waters. East AfricanMedical Journal61: 712-716. Retrieved September 15, 2011

Jahn SA, HA Musnad and H Burgstaller (1986) Tree that purifies water: Cultivating

multipurpose Moringaceae in the Sudan. Unasylva38(152): 23-28. Retreived

September 18, 2011 from

http://www.fao.org/documents/show_cdr.asp?url_file=/docrep/r7750e/r7750e04.htm


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APPENDIX- A

(Letter-head of ZNNHS)

August 5, 2011

NOEL G. SOLIS. R.N.Research AdviserZNNHS Science Department

Dipolog City

Re: Submission of Research Titles for Research Proposal Writing

Sir:

In view of my desire to start writing my research proposal for the first semester,school year 2011-2012, may I have honor to submit these research titles for yourconsideration:

(1) (1st title of research)

(2) (2nd title of research)

(3) (3rd title of research)

(4) (4th title of research)



Very truly,

Maritoni Charity J. Gayapa and Alexa C. Tiu


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APPENDIX-B

Proposed Budget


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APPENDIX- C

Schedule of Activities

DAY ACTIVITY

Chapter 3 Corrected Oct062011

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