Chapter 3RESEARCH METHODOLOGYThis chapter presents the research design, the research subjects, the data gathering instruments and data gathering procedures used and the statistical tools for the quantitative analysis and interpretation of data.RESEARCH DESIGNThe descriptive method of research using the normative survey will employ in the study to determine the level Adherence to Ethical Standards of the local government Employees of Western Pangasinan. The descriptive method of research is the most appropriate as it ascertains prevailing conditions of facts in a group or case under study. Comparisons between the three classes of municipality of local government employees will likewise made to determine if there are significant differences in their perceptions.Descriptive research contributes much to the formulation of principles and generalizations in behavioral and social sciences. This kind of research contributes much to the establishment of standard norms of conduct, behavior or performance. Normative standards are based on what are prevalent (Calderon and Gonzales, 2005).Normative investigation seeks to evaluate the adherence to ethical standards of local government employees in western Pangasinan.

Research SamplingThe research subjects in this study will be the local government employees in Western Pangasinan composed of department heads which includes municipal treasurer, assessor, accountant, engineer, budget officer, human resources management officer, planning & development officer, civil registrar while the rank and file includes employees under the supervision of the department heads including those devolved agencies under Republic Act 7160 known as Local Government Code of 1991 such as those employed in Municipal and Social Welfare Development, Municipal Health Office, and Municipal Agriculture Office in the municipalities of Aguilar, Burgos, and Bolinao in northern part of Western Pangasinan. There were 311 local government career employees as of calendar year 2013 - 2014The stratification will be based on municipality in order to insure a proportionate distribution of samples.It was determined early on that 80% of the number of local career government employees in Burgos, Aguilar and Bolinao will be subjected to the survey using a questionnaire to ensure large sample. The three municipalities also represent different classes: Burgos being a fourth class municipality, Bolinao, a first class municipality, and Aguilar, a third class municipality. The table no. 1 shows the actual number of local government employees of the selected municipalities and the corresponding share intended for the survey.

Table 1Actual number of Local Government Employees and the Proportionate Share for the Three Municipalities

MunicipalityTotal80%

Bolinao (1st class)128102

Aguilar (3rd class)126101

Burgos (4th class)5745

Total311248

With this approximated figure, the researcher distributed the questionnaire and collected necessary information from the municipalities in consideration. A total of 248 employees was interviewed and was considered in the analysis.

DATA GATHERING INSTRUMENTIn this study, data gathering device was the questionnaire, the first part of the questionnaire will solicit the personal profile of the respondents. The second part of the research tool will elicit data on the perceptions and level of adherence to ethical standards of local government employees.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDUREAfter establishing the validity and reliability of the instrument, the final draft was prepared. Prior to administering the questionnaire, the administrative approvals of the Schools Division Superintendents of Pangasinan I to conduct the survey was obtained. Likewise, the cooperation and permission of the respondents was sought. After permission was granted, the questionnaires with a corresponding cover letter were administered to the respondents. The cover letter contained the purpose of the study, the study, an assurance that delicate information would be held in confidence. After the retrieval of the questionnaires, the data gathered were tallied, collated and statistically treated.TREATMENT OF DATAThe level of observance of the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and Employees was described by using the rating scale mean and interpreted by using the descriptive ratings of the scale as follows:Scale MeanDescriptive Rating4.51 5.00Very High3.51 4.50High2.51 3.50Average1.51 2.50Low1.00 1.50Very lowThe frequency of commission of problems pertaining to the insufficient implementation of the Code was tallied from the checklist and described by using the frequency counts and percentage. The problems were tallied according to their frequency of commission using the following scale.Scale MeanDescriptive Rating4.51 5.00Very Serious3.51 4.50Serious2.51 3.50Moderately Serious1.51 2.50Slightly Serious1.00 1.50Not SeriousThe significance of the difference between the perceptions of the level of adherence to ethical standards of local government employees will be determined by using the independent t-test.Likewise the significance of the difference between the perceptions of the level of effectiveness of the measures undertaken to improve the conduct and ethical standards of the officials was determined by using the t-test for independent samples.

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C. UNPUBLISHED MATERIALS, THESIS

Iglesias, Gabriel U., The Passage of the Anti-Graft Law, Patterns in Decision Making, Manila: College of Public Administration, University of the Philippines, 2003

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D. INTERNET SOURCES

http://www.globethics.net/ethics - Global collection of ethics resources and expert.http://www.perthedueationsity.com.au.Universities, colleges and schools in Perth, Australia

http://www.tag-org.ph/phillaw/law4-RA6713.htm

http://www.cyc-net.org/cyc-online/cycol-0600-ethics.html

http://www.researchgate.net/publication/228654915_Ethics_in_school_administration