Chapter 3

Chapter 3Chapter 3

Settling NCSettling NC

The TuscaroraThe Tuscarora

The Tuscarora were the Native Americans The Tuscarora were the Native Americans in NC.in NC.

They knew the Indians who rebelled at They knew the Indians who rebelled at Jamestown were massacred. were massacred.

When the English came in 1653, the When the English came in 1653, the current chief was friendly & fierce—The current chief was friendly & fierce—The chief invited the colonists to his hunting chief invited the colonists to his hunting camp but also brought 250 warriors. camp but also brought 250 warriors.

The TuscaroraThe Tuscarora

The Tuscarora & the The Tuscarora & the English lived near English lived near each other both each other both happily and happily and nervously.nervously.

Nathaniel Batts was Nathaniel Batts was the first permanent the first permanent settler in NC & he settler in NC & he built a trading post. built a trading post.

Colonial LifeColonial Life

Some colonists came to the New World in Some colonists came to the New World in order to make a better living.order to make a better living.

Some came to escape the Some came to escape the Protestant Reformation.


Slaves were brought Slaves were brought to the New World as to the New World as early as 1619. early as 1619.

By the 1700, tens of By the 1700, tens of thousands of slaves thousands of slaves were in the colonies.were in the colonies.

The Middle Passage The Middle Passage was the name for the was the name for the journey from Africa to journey from Africa to the colonies. the colonies.

Colonial LifeColonial LifeWhere?Where? What?What? Who?Who?

Southern Southern ColoniesColonies

VA, NC, SC, VA, NC, SC, GA, MDGA, MD

TobaccoTobacco The EnglishThe English

Middle Middle ColoniesColonies

NY, NJ, DE NY, NJ, DE TradersTraders

Farmers: Farmers: tobacco, tobacco, wheat, cornwheat, corn

The The Dutch/The Dutch/The SwedishSwedish

Northern Northern ColoniesColonies

MA, CT, NH, MA, CT, NH, RI, VTRI, VT

Fishing, Fishing, Church Church DoctrinesDoctrines

PilgrimsPilgrims

Colonial Life Colonial Life

Settlers came from Virginia into NC—Settlers came from Virginia into NC—George & Ann Durant were among those George & Ann Durant were among those who led the way who led the way

Wealthy proprietors from Barbados also Wealthy proprietors from Barbados also settled in the Carolinas & formed Charles settled in the Carolinas & formed Charles TownTown

The Carolina economy largely revolved The Carolina economy largely revolved around tobaccoaround tobacco


Carolina was a difficult climate for the Carolina was a difficult climate for the colonistscolonists

The forests were dense & neared to be The forests were dense & neared to be clearedcleared

The damp, hot climate contributed to The damp, hot climate contributed to mosquitoes spreading malariamosquitoes spreading malaria

Colonial Life

Colonial men spent their time on jobs such as logging, hunting & seafaringWomen often worked in the men’s businesses such as running inns or acting as lawyersMany women were widows

Colonial Life

The largest religious group in the Carolinas were the Quakers

“Quakerism arises out of a radical interpretation of Christianity that understands Christ as being a living reality in personal experience, not only in the Bible and Church tradition. The basic discovery of the Friends movement is – in the words of George Fox, the movement’s founder – that “Christ is come to teach his people himself.”

Colonial Government

The Carolina Government was set up by the “Lord Proprietors” & a governor who create the Fundamental Constitutions of CarolinaMales with at least 50 acres of land could vote for the lawmakers The Proprietors tried to make the merchants richer Governors only lasted 2-3 years

Colonial Government

Culpeper’s Rebellion in 1677

Colonial Government

Different regions of Carolina were less successful than others

The Outer Banks were known as the “Graveyard of the Atlantic”

Charles Town was much more successful

The Carolinas split in 1712

By 1715, North Carolina had 11,000 settlers

John Lawson

Hired to explore Carolina Traveled for 2 months with 4 Indians Explore Native American culture & the regions plants & animalsSent plant samples back to England

John Lawson

Helped found Bath, NC—NC’s first official town

Wrote A New Voyage to Carolina

Helped encourage more people to come to Carolina

Conflicts in the Carolinas

Cary’s Rebellion—occurred when people tried to push for the development of the Anglican Church & oppressed the QuakersThe Native Americans also became unhappy—many coastal Indians were dying from disease, war & enslavement. Populations of Native Americans dropped from 120,000 to 16,000 between 1570 & 1670

Conflict in the Carolinas

The 4 Groups in the Middle Region of the Carolinas—the Tuscarora, the Catawba, the Yamassee & the Cherokee—traded with the colonists initially

The Europeans wanted animal skins (especially deerskin), baskets & corn

The Native Americans wanted tools, pots, wool, glass beads & guns

Conflicts in the Carolinas

Trade changed Native American life—they focused on being hunters & warriors & used guns

The Native Americans also became dependent on the Europeans

With the dependency, the Native Americans began to resent how they were being treated

The Tuscarora Fight Back

The 1611 settling of New Bern angered the Native Americans

The Tuscarora tried to relocate to Pennsylvania but the Quakers would not let them

Lawson was unaware of the tension & went onto Tuscarora land

Lawson was ambushed & murdered

The Tuscarora War

The 1711 murder of John Lawson led to a war

The Tuscarora armed themselves & killed 100 settlers

Settlers fled & the Tuscarora destroyed the abandoned towns

The Tuscarora War

Charles Town leaders asked the Yamassee & Catawba Indians for help

A war took place for 2 years

The biggest battle was at Fort Neoheroka

The Tuscarora lost & joined their Iroquois cousins in NY

The Tuscarora War

Two years later, the Yamassee & Catawba Indians felt as though they were NOT rewarded for their help

The Cherokee joined them in attacking the colonists but they lost

The Catawba stayed in NC but the Yamassee joined the Seminoles in South Florida

Settling the Piedmont

Many Piedmont settlers came from Pennsylvania

Immigrants used the Great Wagon road to travel

The Road went from Pennsylvania to Augusta, GA

The Road helped people settle in NC’s back country


In 1729, King George II bought NC from the Lord Proprietors

One proprietor didn’t want the money—he kept HALF of NC

He renamed the property after himself & it became the Granville District


Land in the Piedmont was cheap

Piedmont settlers were Yeoman Farmers

They were self-sufficient & lived off what they grew

The hilly landscape prevented trade


Squire Boone, a Quaker, came from PA & bought 640 acres in what is now Davie County

Daniel Boone & his wife, Rebecca, lived by both Indian & European traditions

Daniel Boone hunted with Indian techniques (tracking & trapping) & wore their style of dress (deerskin & moccasins)


Rebecca was a healer—She used the local plants to make medicine

Rebecca also kept a garden, made soap& clothes, gathered water & cared for the children

Immigrants in NC

Immigrants in NC

Most were Protestant & escaping the religious feuds in Europe

Many were self-sufficient & also believed in religious & political independence

Each group kept their own culture

The Moravians

Came from Eastern Europe—A country called the Czech Republic

Were Pacifists

Came to NC when Bishop August Spangenberg purchased 98,000 acres in what is now Forsyth County

The Moravians named the land “Wachovia” which meant “meadow valley”

The Moravians

Their towns were Bethania, Bethabara & Salem (which was created in 1766)

Were farmers & traders

The Church controlled everything & allowed only a few non-Moravians to live on their land

The Church used a “lot” system to decide who got married

Slaves in the Carolinas

There were 80,000 slaves in NC by 1755

Many slaves committed suicide

Slaves helped Carolina farmers learn to grow rice

Native Americans taught Slaves how to fish, hunt & make boats

Slaves in the CarolinasAfrican culture began to develop in the colonies

Africans learned English but kept their ethnic names & accent

African made their houses cooler by adjusting their roofs

They cooked with spices

Slaves in the Carolinas

Africans could not run away until they were comfortable with their surroundings

Escaped Africans stayed in the swamps or with the Native Americans

Stono Rebellion

Slaves outnumbered colonists in SC

In 1739, a group of slaves gathered by the Stono River near Charleston

They raided a store for supplies & then burned houses

Over 50 people died

Stono Rebellion

The plantation owners united & surrounded & shot the slaves

The Rebellion led to more laws protecting slaves—For example: a slave owner could no longer beat a slave to death

Laws were also passed to prevent slaves from gaining independence.

The French & Indian War

The Shawnee, Delaware & Huron tribes had to move to the Ohio River Valley because the colonists kept taking their landThey refused to allow the colonists past the Appalachian Mountains The French also did not want the British to expand their territory since it would interfere with their fishing trade routes


The French built forts to keep out the British while the Indians planned places to attack

In 1753, the Shawnee crossed into NC & destroyed cabins near the Boone residence


Benjamin Franklin suggested the “Albany Plan of Union” where each colony elect representatives to meet & discuss a plan

The colonies refused & focused on themselves

Battle at Fort Duquesne

British General Braddock attacked the French Fort Duquesne in Pittsburgh

Daniel Boone, George Washington & an NC governor, Arthur Dobbs all went to fight

The French & Indians were waiting for them & killed half the men, including Braddock, quickly


Cherokee chief Attakullakulla convinced the Cherokee to help the British

Several of the chief’s men ate the cows of the settlers while helping the British

Chief Oconostota went to apologize to the British but the settlers captured him

Attakulla got the Cherokees freed but the Cherokee switched sides


The British were losing until William Pitt came into office & sent 50,000 men from England

The Cherokee tribes were being destroyed

The War Ends in 1763

The Treaty of Paris ended the war & gave England Florida & all land east of the Mississippi

The Proclamation of 1763 said the colonists could not travel west of the Appalachians & that anyone west of those mountains had to move back East

The Treaty of Augusta said several tribes had to give up some land, but would be left alone on their new territory

Chapter 3

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