Chapter 24Chapter 24

South Asia Landforms South Asia Landforms and Resourcesand Resources

Mountains and PlateausMountains and Plateaus

This area is referred to as the This area is referred to as the “subcontinent,”“subcontinent,” because it is smaller than a because it is smaller than a continent, but has continent, but has one fifth of the world’s one fifth of the world’s population.population.

What natural barriers are found here that What natural barriers are found here that would prevent movement from one would prevent movement from one country to another?country to another?

HINDU KUSH, HIMALAYAS, INDIAN OCEAN, HINDU KUSH, HIMALAYAS, INDIAN OCEAN, ARABIAN SEA, BAY OF BENGALARABIAN SEA, BAY OF BENGAL

Mt. EverestMt. Everest

The world’s tallest mountainThe world’s tallest mountain Located among 2 landlocked nations: Nepal Located among 2 landlocked nations: Nepal

and Bhutanand Bhutan Among the Himalayas, made up of nearly 24 Among the Himalayas, made up of nearly 24

peaks over 24,000 feet highpeaks over 24,000 feet high Watch this next video about EverestWatch this next video about Everest

Hindu Kush MountainsHindu Kush Mountains

WHICH TWO COUNTRIES IN

THISREGION SHARE

THE HINDU KUSH

MOUNTAINS?

SOUTHERN PLATEAUSSOUTHERN PLATEAUS

SOUTHERN INDIA HAS WHICH PLATEAU?SOUTHERN INDIA HAS WHICH PLATEAU?DECCAN PLATEAUDECCAN PLATEAU

THIS PLATEAU IS FRAMED BY WHICH THIS PLATEAU IS FRAMED BY WHICH TWO MOUNTAIN RANGES?TWO MOUNTAIN RANGES?

WESTERN GHATS AND EASTERN GHATSWESTERN GHATS AND EASTERN GHATS

RIVERS, DELTAS, PLAINSRIVERS, DELTAS, PLAINS

THREE GREAT RIVERS:THREE GREAT RIVERS:

GANGES, INDUS, BRAHMAPUTRAGANGES, INDUS, BRAHMAPUTRA

BRAHMAPUTRA

GANGES

INDUS

THESE THREE RIVERS HAVE THEIR ORIGINS IN THE MOUNTAINS NORTH OF INDIA.

LOOK ON PAGE 552.WHAT IS THE NAME OF THE PLAIN THAT LIES BETWEEN THE DECCAN PLATEAU AND THE

MOUNTAINS RANGES?

WHEN RIVERS OVERFLOW THEIR BANKS, THEY DEPOSITSILT ON THE SURROUNDING PLAINS.

THESE PLAINS ARE SOME OF THE RICHEST FARMLANDSIN THE WORLD.

THE INDO-GANGETIC PLAIN HOLDS THREE FIFTHS OFINDIA’S POPULATION AND ITS LARGEST CITIES.

WRITE A DEFINITION OF

ALLUVIAL PLAINS IN YOURNOTES

DESERTSDESERTS

THE THAR DESERT, OR GREAT INIDAN DESERT, IS LOCATED

BETWEEN THE GANGES AND INDUS RIVERS.

HOW IS THE THAR DESERT A RAIN SHADOW?

ISLANDSISLANDSWRITE THESE TERMS ANDDEFINITIONS IN YOUR NOTES:

ARCHIPELAGOATOLL

THE ISLANDS OF MALDIVES

AND SRI LANKA WERE FORMED

BY VOLCANOES AND ARESURROUNDED BY

CORAL REEFS

ONLY ABOUT 200 OF THE 1200

MALDIVES ISLANDSARE INHABITED.

RESOURCESRESOURCES Look on page 554 and 555.Look on page 554 and 555. What are resources that the region has from its What are resources that the region has from its

water and soil? Minerals, hydroelctricitywater and soil? Minerals, hydroelctricity

What problem has resulted from the forest What problem has resulted from the forest industry? deforestationindustry? deforestation

What minerals are mined in this region? Copper, What minerals are mined in this region? Copper, coal, mica, natural gascoal, mica, natural gas

What resource is abundant in Sri Lanka?- What resource is abundant in Sri Lanka?- diamondsdiamonds

Look at the map on page 554Look at the map on page 554

WHY ARE THERE NO RESOURCES IN WHY ARE THERE NO RESOURCES IN NEPAL?NEPAL?

WHAT IS INDIA’S MAJOR MINERAL WHAT IS INDIA’S MAJOR MINERAL RESOURCE?RESOURCE?

WHAT ENERGY RESOURCES ARE WHAT ENERGY RESOURCES ARE FOUND IN PAKISTAN?FOUND IN PAKISTAN?

CHAPTER 24 PART 2CHAPTER 24 PART 2 CLIMATE AND VEGETATION IN CLIMATE AND VEGETATION IN

SOUTH ASIASOUTH ASIA

SOUTH ASIASOUTH ASIAWET AND DRY,WET AND DRY,HOT AND COLDHOT AND COLD

This region has areas of This region has areas of seasonal rainsseasonal rains, where the , where the land is dry for 6 months and flooded for the other 6 land is dry for 6 months and flooded for the other 6 months.months.

There are regions of very There are regions of very low landlow land in Bangladesh in Bangladesh and countries with very and countries with very high elevationhigh elevation, Nepal and , Nepal and Bhutan.Bhutan.

CLIMATE REGIONSCLIMATE REGIONS HighlandHighland

DesertDesert SemiaridSemiarid

Humid SubtropicalHumid Subtropical Tropical Wet and Tropical Wet and

DryDry Tropical WetTropical Wet

WHAT IS A MONSOON?WHAT IS A MONSOON?

MONSOONS ARE THE MONSOONS ARE THE SEASONAL WINDSSEASONAL WINDS OCTOBER TO OCTOBER TO FEBRUARY IS FEBRUARY IS DRYDRY

JUNE TO SEPTEMBER JUNE TO SEPTEMBER IS IS RAINYRAINY

TURN TO PAGE 598 TO TURN TO PAGE 598 TO SEE HOW THE WINDS SEE HOW THE WINDS

SHIFT.SHIFT.

DURING THE SUMMER MONSOON,THE WINDS BLOW FROM THE

INDIAN OCEAN, BRINGING RAIN

DURING THE WINTER MONSOON , THE WINDS BLOW FROM THE

DRY MOUNTAINS AND DESERTSIN THE NORTH, BRINGING

DRY AIR

CYCLONESCYCLONES

CYCLONES ARE ANOTHER NAMEFOR HURRICANES, AND THEY ARE

MOST DESTRUCTIVE IN BANGLADESHWHY?

The 1991 cyclone caused damage The 1991 cyclone caused damage and dislocation of South Asia’s and dislocation of South Asia’s

population.population. The next video clip tells one family’s The next video clip tells one family’s

struggle to survive the aftermath of struggle to survive the aftermath of the storm.the storm.

VEGETATIONVEGETATIONLOOK AT THE MAP ON PAGE 557LOOK AT THE MAP ON PAGE 557

RAIN FOREST-RAIN FOREST- BANGLADESH AND BANGLADESH AND WESTERN INDIAWESTERN INDIA

SAVANNASAVANNA- MOST OF INDIA- MOST OF INDIA DESERTDESERT- PAKISTAN AND NW INDIA- PAKISTAN AND NW INDIA STEPPESTEPPE- NORTHERN PAKISTAN- NORTHERN PAKISTAN MIXED FOREST-MIXED FOREST- NORTHERN REGION NORTHERN REGION HIGHLAND-HIGHLAND- NORTHERN MOUNTAINS NORTHERN MOUNTAINS

Human-Environment Human-Environment InteractionInteraction

South AsiaSouth Asia

Chapter 24 Part 3Chapter 24 Part 3

The GangesThe Ganges

Daily Life Along the GangesDaily Life Along the Ganges

The Ganges provides water for The Ganges provides water for drinking, drinking, farming, transportationfarming, transportation

The Hindus believe that the river brings life to The Hindus believe that the river brings life to India’s people and has India’s people and has healing powershealing powers

Pilgrims come to the river banks to Pilgrims come to the river banks to drink, drink, bathe, and to scatter the ashes of family bathe, and to scatter the ashes of family members in the rivermembers in the river

As the sun rises, they As the sun rises, they pray and celebrate their pray and celebrate their faithfaith

A Sacred RiverA Sacred River

FLOODING IN BANGLADESHFLOODING IN BANGLADESH

BECAUSE BANGLADESH IS BECAUSE BANGLADESH IS SUBJECT TO FLOODING, DUE TO SUBJECT TO FLOODING, DUE TO ITS LOW-LYING AREAS, BUILDING ITS LOW-LYING AREAS, BUILDING DAMS AND LEVEES IS ONE WAY DAMS AND LEVEES IS ONE WAY TO PREVENT TIDAL AND STORM TO PREVENT TIDAL AND STORM

SURGESSURGES

THE FENI CLOSURE DAMTHE FENI CLOSURE DAM

LOOK AT THE NEXT SLIDES TO SEE HOW THE FENI RIVERWAS CLOSED OFF BY AN EARTHEN DAM

THOUSANDS OF WORKERS GATHER THOUSANDS OF WORKERS GATHER TO PREPARE TO CARRY THE BAGS TO PREPARE TO CARRY THE BAGS OF ROCKS TO CREATE THE DAMOF ROCKS TO CREATE THE DAM

THE WHOLE PROCESS TOOK THE WHOLE PROCESS TOOK SEVEN HOURS AND TOOK SEVEN HOURS AND TOOK PLACE DURING LOW TIDEPLACE DURING LOW TIDE