Chapter 21 Study GuideMr. Rose

National Interest

•The goals that a nation considers important. These include political, economic, military, and cultural goals, carried out through foreign policy.

Big Stick Policy

•Theodore Roosevelt’s idea about foreign policy. He believed in working quietly and patiently to achieve goals overseas, but using force if necessary.

Dollar Diplomacy

•William Howard Taft’s foreign policy. A policy of encouraging and protecting American trade and investment in Latin America and Asia, which would advance American interests abroad.

Moral Diplomacy

•Woodrow Wilson’s foreign policy, based on democratic ideals and good morals, rather than money or use of force.

Colony

•A territory under the immediate political control of a country or nation.

Self-Determination

•The right of other peoples to determine their own government without the influence of any other nation.

Annexation

•Making an area part of a country, through an agreement by both sides.

Protectorate

•A nation protected and controlled by a stronger nation, which provides protection.

Commonwealth

•A territory that has a political relationship with the home country, but is unincorporated, meaning it is not a state in the case of the United States territories.

Spheres of Influence

•Areas in which a single nation controlled trading rights, and in some cases land for military bases.

Open Door Policy

•The idea that all nations should be able to trade freely in China. Created by Secretary of State John Hay.

Question 1•Roosevelt’s Big Stick policy was based

on working quietly and going about the business the U.S. had to, only using violence if provoked. Taft believed economic support from the U.S. would grow U.S. influence abroad. Wilson believed the U.S. had an obligation to act in a morally upstanding way through their foreign policy, creating a good model for others to follow.

Question 2

•The U.S. uses many different methods of foreign policy. They use force, investments, negotiation and diplomacy.

Question 3

•Hawaii was a valuable asset for the United States, both economically and strategically due to its climate and location in the Pacific Ocean. Once U.S. planters got control of the island and the importance of it became clear during the Spanish American War, the process of making it a state was in motion.

Question 4

•The main motive driving U.S. foreign policy during the early 1900s was promoting national interest, with goals that were economic, political, military, and to a lesser extent, cultural.