CHAPTER 2 – SECTION 4 EXPLORING NORTH AMERICA

A DIVIDED CHURCH

Martin Luther brought about changes in Europe in

the 1500s with his opposition to Catholicism.

His protests began the Protestant Reformation

The formation of the Protestant Church

King Henry VIII of England declared England as a

Protestant nation after the pope refuse to declare his

first marriage invalid.

Declared the King as the head of the Church of England

Europeans brought their religious beliefs to the

Americas when the colonized (Catholic/Protestant)

ECONOMIC RIVALRY

The exploration of the Americas created rivalries

between European countries.

The colonies provided resources and a market to sell

European products.

COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE

Two-way exchange between the Americas and

Europe/Asia/Africa.

Included crops, livestock, and other goods for

enslaved Africans.

Also brought disease to the Americas in which the

Native Americans had no resistance to.

NORTHWEST PASSAGE

The belief that there was a direct water route to

Asia through North America.

This idea made the countries of England, France, and

the Netherlands to start sailing around the northern

coast of North America searching for the passage.

NORTH AMERICAN EXPLORERS

Giovanni de Varranzo

Sailed for France

Explored the coast of present-day Nova Scotia south to

the Carolinas

Jacques Cartier

Sailed for France

Explored the St. Lawrence River and founded Mount-

Royal (Montreal)

NORTH AMERICAN EXPLORERS

Henry Hudson

Sailed for the Dutch (Netherlands)

Discovered the Hudson River in 1609

Discovered the Hudson Bay in 1610

Thought he had found the passage way but couldn’t find the

outlet

After months of searching his crew rebelled and set him

and his son adrift in a small boat….and never were never

seen again.

TRADING POSTS

France had little interest in building an

empire/focused on fishing and fur trading

Samuel de Champlain established a trading post for

fur trading in Quebec and other parts of Canada.

Traded in peace with the Native Americans

THE DUTCH

In 1621 the Dutch West India Company set up a

trading colony – New Netherland (New York)

The center of New Netherland was New

Amsterdam (New York City) located on the tip of

Manhattan Island.

In 1629 Peter Minuit, the governor of the colony, paid

the Manhates people 60 Dutch guilders in goods for

the island.