GEOLOGY Chapter 10 Plate Tectonics 10.2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics.
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics Visit the Online Learning Centre at Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics.
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Transcript of Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics Visit the Online Learning Centre at Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics.
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
What is Plate Tectonics?What is Plate Tectonics?How Did the Plate Tectonics Theory Evolve?How Did the Plate Tectonics Theory Evolve?
What is Sea-Floor Spreading?What is Sea-Floor Spreading?How Old is the Sea Floor?How Old is the Sea Floor?
How Do We Know that Plates Move?How Do We Know that Plates Move?How Fast Do Plates Move?How Fast Do Plates Move?
What Are Plates and How Do They Move?What Are Plates and How Do They Move?
Can We Measure Plate Motion Directly?Can We Measure Plate Motion Directly?
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer
Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
What Happens at Plate Boundaries?What Happens at Plate Boundaries?How Do Mountain Ranges Form?How Do Mountain Ranges Form?
What Causes Plate Motions?What Causes Plate Motions?How Do Mantle Plumes and Hot Spots Form?How Do Mantle Plumes and Hot Spots Form?
Why is it Important to Understand Plate Tectonics?Why is it Important to Understand Plate Tectonics?
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer
Major Plates of the World
Figure 2.1
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
Visit the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer
Pangea Breakup andContinental Drift
Figure 2.2
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Distribution of Fossilson Gondwana
Figure 2.3
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Distribution of LatePaleozoic Glaciations
Figure 2.4
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Two Ways of Interpreting Distributionof Ancient Climate Belts
Figure 2.5
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Apparent Wandering of South Pole
Figure 2.6
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Magnetic Inclination
Figure 2.14
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Apparent Position ofNorth Magnetic Pole
Figure 2.15
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Apparent Wandering ofNorth Magnetic Pole
Figure 2.16
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Jigsaw Fit and Matching Rock TypesBetween South America and Africa
Figure 2.17
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Sea-Floor Spreading
Figure 2.18
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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The Lithosphere
Figure 2.19
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Magnetic Reversals
Figure 2.20
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Marine Magnetic Anomalies
Figure 2.21
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Origin of Magnetic Anomalies
Figure 2.22
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Correlation of Magnetic Anomalies withMagnetic Reversals Allows Dating
Figure 2.23
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Age of the Sea Floor
Figure 2.24
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Possible Explanations for RelationshipBetween Fracture Zones and
Mid-Oceanic Ridge
Figure 2.25
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Continental Shelves and Rises
Figure 2.27
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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East African Rift Valleysand the Red Sea
Figure 2.28
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Water Rises Upward to Fill the GapWhen Two Floating Blocks Move Apart
Figure 2.30
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Massive Continental Shelf Formed byContinental Breakup and Divergence
Figure 2.31
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Mid-Oceanic Range Offset FromFracture Zones
Figure 2.32
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Divergent Oceanic Plates CarryMetallic Ores from Rift Valley
Figure 2.35
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Transform Boundaries(A) Between 2 Ridges; (B) Between Ridge and Trench; (C)
Between 2 Trenches. (D) San Andreas Fault
Figure 2.36
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Divergent Boundaries form Ridge Crests(A) Oceanic Plates; (B) Continental Plates
Figure 2.37
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Ocean-Ocean Convergence
Figure 2.38
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Distribution of Oceanic Trenches
Figure 2.40
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Formation of Andesitic Magma
Figure 2.41
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Migration of Trench, Hinge Line,Accretionary Wedge, and Volcanic Arc
Figure 2.42
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Ocean-Continent Convergence
Figure 2.43
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Continent-Continent Collision
Figure 2.44
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Backarc Spreading
Figure 2.45
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Causes of Backarc Spreading
Figure 2.46
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Metallic Ores Form over Hot Springson Volcanic Arcs
Figure 2.47
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Possible Relation of Ore Belts to DepthAlong the Subducton Zone
Figure 2.48
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Cross-Section of the Alps
Figure 2.49
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Arc-Continent Convergence
Figure 2.50
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Geological Evolution of Southern Appalachians
Figure 2.51
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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The Wilson Cycle
Box 2.2
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Schematic Cross-Section Throughthe Cascadia Subduction Zone
Box 2.3
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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San Andreas Fault
Figure 2.52
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Model of Mantle Convection
Figure 2.53
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Ridge-Push
Figure 2.54
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Slab-Pull
Figure 2.55
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Mantle Plumes Rise Upward
Figure 2.57
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Distribution of HypothesizedMantle Plumes
Figure 2.58
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Continental Breakup Caused by aMantle Plume
Figure 2.59
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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An Example of Radial Rifts
Figure 2.60
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Formation and Reactivation of Rifts andGrabens During the Breakup of Pangea
Box 2.4 – Figure 1
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben andSt. Lawrence Rift are both Aulacogens Reactivated During Breakup of Pangea
Box 2.4 – Figure 2
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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(A) Two Mantle Plumes Beneath Continent(B) Rifts Lengthen and Flood Balasts Erupt; (C) Continent
Splits and Rifts From
Figure 2.61
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Sea Floor Moving Over Hot Spot FormsAseismic Ridge as Chain of Volcanoes
Figure 2.62
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Ages of Volcanic Rock of the Hawaiian Island Group
Figure 2.63
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Distribution of the Major AseismicRidges on the Sea Floor
Figure 2.64
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Collision of Two Terranes Forms aMountain Range, Eroded over Time
Box 2.5 – Figure 1
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Central Gneiss Belt and Central Meta-sedimentary Belt Join along the CentralMetasedimentary Belt Boundary Zone
Box 2.5 – Figure 2
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Earthquake Epicentres and BedrockStructures in Southern Ontario
Box 2.5 – Figure 3
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Answers to SelectedTesting Your Knowledge
Questions
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Chapter 2: Plate Tectonics
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Additional Resources
Student ResourcesStudent ResourcesStudent Online Learning CentreThe robust Student Edition of the Online Learning Centre at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer features quizzes for study and review, interactive exercises and animation, as well as additional boxed readings, searchable glossary, “Virtual Vista” environments, suggestions for further reading, and much more!
Laboratory ManualThe Lab Manual to accompany Physical Geology and the Environment has been created as a resource for laboratory sessions in physical geology, mirroring the "Inquiry-Based Approach" of the text. Structured on exercises and corresponding background concepts, the lab manual contains student-friendly worksheets, and has been perforated for easy lab use.
Instructor ResourcesInstructor ResourcesInstructor Online Learning CentreThe OLC at www.mcgrawhill.ca/college/plummer includes a password-protected Web site for Instructors. The site offers downloadable supplements and access to PageOut, the McGraw-Hill Ryerson Web site development centre.
Instructor’s Manual – The IM contains a chapter overview, list of changes per chapter, chapter learning objectives, further information on boxed features, short and long discussion/essay questions, and details on additional readings and resources outside the textbook.
Test Bank – Contains a bank of 40-60 multiple-choice and true/false questions per chapter.
Microsoft PowerPoint Presentation – This presentation system offers visual presentations that may be edited and manipulated to fit a particular course format. They also contain selected solutions to the problem material.
TransparenciesA set of more than 200 transparencies tied to the text content are available for instructors.