Sociology

Lesson 1: Components of CultureActivator: What is culture?What are the different components of culture?

Unit OverviewDefine the key components of a culture.Explain the difference between culture and society.Differentiate between the types of societies and analyze societies through this understanding.Generate examples of cultures and societies, and various sub-types of groups and formal organizations.

Unit EQ: How are culture and society related to human interaction?You will need to be able to Do the following:Culture consists of all the shared products of human groups. All cultures are made up of the same five basics components. (technology, symbols, language, values, and norms)There are certain core values that the vast majority of Americans ShareSocial structure is the network of interrelated statuses and roles that guides human interaction.Main IdeasLesson 4: Value SystemACTIVATOR: One of the 5 components of culture discussed was that of values. Values are defined as shared beliefs about what is good or bad, right or wrong, desirable or undesirable. Brainstorm and record American values.

CultureEQ: 1. What are the basic components of culture? 2. How does cultural change occur?Culture SocietyValuesNormsFolkwaysMoresLawsVocabulary

Cultural universalsSubcultureCountercultureEthnocentrismLessonsCultureSociety and Culture NOT interchangeable Society consists of peopleCulture: consists of shared products of human groups. Material Culture: physical objects that a culture createsNonmaterial Culture: Abstract human creations.Assignment: In pairs, come up with 5 examples of each type of culture. Write your responses and raise your hand when you are finished.Material CultureAutomobilesBooksBuildings Clothing

Nonmaterial CultureBeliefsFamily patternsIdeasLanguagePolitical and economic systems

5 Components of CultureAssignment: Describe the five components of culture. In addition, relate the term to your own culture through examples.Technology Values LanguageSymbols Lesson 2: Components of CultureActivator: Difference between society and cultureWhich four components were discussed yesterday?

The Five Components of CultureTechnologyValuesLanguageSymbols

Norms

NormsNorms are shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations.Groups use Norms to enforce cultural valuesNorms are expectations for behavior, not actual behaviorSome norms apply to everyone in society, others to select groups

Assignment: In groups, come up with 5 examples of a norm. Write your responses on the board.

Types of NormsFolkwaysNorms that describe socially acceptable behavior but do not have moral significance attached to them.Failure to follow results in minor punishment or reprimandSome non-conformity to Folkways is permitted because it does not endanger society.MoresGreat moral significance is attached to themSocieties establish punishments for violating in order to protect social well-beingSerious mores are formalized as lawsAssignment: Classify your examples as folkways or moresLesson 2: Components of CultureSummarizer: Questions Remaining

Lesson 3: CultureActivator: Components of Culture

Cultural VariationEQ: 1. What are the basic components of culture? Vocabulary

Cultural universalsSubcultureCountercultureEthnocentrismCultural relativismCultural diffusionLessonsCultural UniversalsCultural Universals: features evident in all cultures

What are some features that all cultures have? (Try and Guess 7)

Cultural UniversalsCultural UniversalExamplesArts and LeisureAthletic sports, dancing, decorative art, games, musicBasic NeedsClothing, cooking, housingBeliefsBody adornment, folklore, funeral rites, religious ritualCommunication and EducationEducation, language, greetingsFamilyCourtship, kin groups, marriageGovernment and EconomyCalendar, division of labor, government, law, property rights, status differentiation, tradeTechnologyMedicine, tool makingCultural Variations: AssignmentRead with a Purpose: Using the material on p. 38-39 in your booklet, answer the following question: What is the difference between a subculture and counter culture?

Identify and example of each. (In addition, to what can be found in the reading)Share in cooperative groupsCultural Variations: SubcultureSubculture: Groups that share values, norms, and behaviors that are not shared by the entire population.

Cultural Variations: CountercultureCounterculture: Groups that rejects the major values, norms, and behaviors that is practiced by larger society

Response to VariationEthnocentrism: the tendency to view one's own culture and group as superior to all other cultures and groups Cultural relativism: a belief that cultures should be judged by their own standards

How is this political cartoon a reflection of ethnocentrism?Cultural ChangeCultural diffusion: the process of spreading cultural traits from one society to another Cultural leveling: the process through which cultures become more and more alike

How does globalization contribute to this trend?

Value SystemsEQ: How have our values changed?Self-fulfillmentNarcissismVocabulary

2 LessonsAmerican Values: A Pictorial

What values are reflected in these images? The American Value SystemAmerican ValuesDescriptions/ExamplesPersonal AchievementProgress and Material ComfortWorkIndividualismEfficiency and PracticalityMorality and HumanitarianismEquality and DemocracyFreedom

Personal AchievementDoing Well at school and at work is important. Gaining wealth and prestige is a sign of success.

Progress and Material ComfortHistory is marked by ongoing progress, and this progress improves peoples lives.

WorkDiscipline, dedication, and hard work are signs of virtue

IndividualismHard work, initiative, and individual effort are the keys to personal achievement.

Efficiency and PracticalityEvery problem can be solved through efficiency and practicality. Getting things done well in the shortest time is very important.

Morality and HumanitarianismJudgments should be based on a sense of right and wrong. This sense of morality also involves helping the less fortunate.

Equality and DemocracyEveryone should have an equal chance at success and the right to participate freely in government.

FreedomPersonal freedoms, such as freedom of religion, speech, and the press, are central to the American way of life

American Values: Assignment

Using your notes on the values of American society and a graphic organizer like this one, decide whether each value reflects practical concerns, idealistic goals, or a little of bothNew Values: Narcissism

Narcissism: the feeling of extreme self-centeredness Values: Assignment1. In a written response, explain how YOLO is a reflection of a value system based in narcissism and self fulfillment.

2. When directed, discuss your responses in assigned groups.

Study for the Culture and Society Exam