Chapter 2: Computer System1.Define computer system-Can accept data( input)-Process the data according to specified rules (process)-Produce result (output)-Store the result for future uses(storage)

2.State the meaning of input, process, output ad storagea) Input-any data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.b) Input device-any hardware component that allowed users to enter data and instruction into a computerc) Processor/CPU( Central Processing Unit )-an electronic component on a computers motherboard that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computerd) Output-data that has been processed into a useful form, called informatione) Output device-any hardware component that present information (processed data ) to one or more peoplef) Storage-location in which data, instruction and information are saved for future use3.List of four type of input-text ( Keyboard ), graphic ( scanner, digital camera ), audio ( microphone ), video ( video camera )4.List four input device-barcode reader, joystick, trackball, touch screen, pointing stick, graphic tablet5.List four output device-speaker, monitor, LCD projector, printer, plotter6.List two example of storage device-CD ROM, Hard disk

7.List two example of processor-Intel Platinum IV,Intel Core 2, AMD Athlon,AMD Opteron 8. Storagea) Primary-RAM (Random-Access Memory), ROM ( Read-Only Memory ) b) Secondary- i)Optical medium-CD ROM, DVD ROMii)Magnetic medium- Hard disk, iii)Flash memory-USB drive, Thumb drive, Memory card, pendrive9. Identify input device used for text-graphic, audio and videoa) input device for text- keyboard, optical reader and virtual keyboardb) Input device for graphic- scanner, digital camerac) Input device for audio- microphone, midi keyboardd)Input device for video- video camera, CCTV camera, webcam10. Identify the output devices used for text, graphic, audio and videoa) Output devices for text- LCD monitor, printerb) Output devices for graphic- photo printer, plotterc) Output devices for audio- headphone, speakerd) Output devices for video- LCD projector, DLD projector (cinema use)

11. Draw the block diagram of the information processing cycle.

ADVANTAGE AND DISAVANTAGE OF USING PRIMARY STORAGE:A) Access fasterB) More expensiveC) Limited capacity of storageRAM (Random-Access Memory), ROM ( Read-Only Memory )A)Optical medium-CD ROM, DVD ROMB)Magnetic medium- Hard disk, C)Flash memory-USB drive, Thumb drive, Memory card, pendrivebarcode reader, joystick, trackball, touch screen, pointing stick, graphic tabletAny data and instructions entered into the memory of a computer.speaker, monitor, LCD projector, printer, plotterData that has been processed into a useful form, called information.OUTPUTPRIMARY STORAGESECONDARY STORAGE STORAGEPROCESSINPUT

ADVANTAGE AND DISAVANTAGE OF USING SECONDARY STROAGE:A) CheaperB) Access slowerC) Unlimited capacity of storage

12. State the differences between RAM and ROM.RAMDifferencesROM

Store during and after processingData and programsStored by manufacturer

Store information temporarilyContentStores instruction (information) permanently

Vary fast but use a lot of powerProcessing timeFast but use very little of power

volatileVolatileNon-volatile

13. State the differences between Primary and Secondary Storage.Primary StorageCriteriaSecondary Storage

Holding data

ExpensiveCost/ PriceCheap

SmallStorage capacityLarge

FixedPortabilityPortable

14. Explain function of primary storage.Function of RAM-RAM is the main memory in a computer. The data in RAM can be read or written.-RAM stores data during and after processing.-RAM is used to hold temporary instruction and data needed to complete tasks.-RAM is volatile which means the programs and data in RAM are lost when the computer is powered off.

Function of ROM-ROM can only be stored by the manufacturer, once it is done, it cannot be changed.-All the contents in ROM can be accessed and read but cannot be changed-ROM is non-volatile. It holds the programs and data when the computer is powered off.-ROM is another type

15. State the function of CPU.a)Fetch a program instructions or data items from memory.b)c)d)e)16. Identify the location of the central processing unit (CPU), Expansion Slots, Expansion Cards, RAM Slots, Ports and Connectors on the motherboard.

17. Components of a motherboarda)Central processing unit (CPU )

A CPU consists of two subcomponents:i) Control Unit ( CU )

ii) Arithmetic Logic Unit ( ALU )

b)Expansion slots

c)Expansion cards

d)Ram slots

e)Ports and Connectors

There are different kinds of port in a system unit. The ports are :a)Serial ports

b)Parallel port

c)Universal serial bus ( USB ) port

d) FireWire port

e) Special purpose portsi) MIDI port

ii) SCSI port

iii) IrDA port 18. Software can be divided into two categories:a) System softwareb) Application software

19. What is system software?-Software that is used to control and manage computer devices and operations.20. What is application software?-Application software are all programs that perform specific tasks for users, which include word processing, spreadsheet, database, presentation, e-mail and Web browser software.21. The most important type of system software is the -Operating system22. What is operating system?-OS is a set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices and supports the application software that we run.23. List out 3 type of operating system (OS).a)Stand- Alone Operating System-Window XP, Vista, Linux, Mac OS, DOS (Disk Operating System)b)Network Operating System- Window NT, Window Server 2000, Unix, Solarisc)Embedded Operating System- Window CE, Palm OS, Embedded Linux, Symbian OS

24. State the various types of OS used on different platforms.PC Platform OSApple Platform OSCross-Platform OS

-Microsoft Window XP -DOS (Disk Operating System-Microsoft Window 7-MAC OS -MAC OS X-UNIX-LINUX

25. State the function of OS.-Starting computer-Providing a user interface-Managing data & programs-Managing memory-Configuring figure26. State the different interfaces of OSCommand-Line Interfaceexample-DOSMenu-Driven InterfaceGraphical User Interface (GUI)

-requires user to type commands or press special key on keyboard to enter data and instruction that instruct the operating-enable user to avoid memorizing keywords such as copy, paste and syntax

-Easy to learn-Makes use of the computer graphics capabilities to make the operating system easier to use.-Commonly used.

System Software27. System software can be divided into two categories:

Utility SystemOperating System

Anti-virusDiagnostic UtilityFile ManagerScreen SaverWindow 7Window XPLinuxMac OS XUnix

28. State four types of application softwarea) Word processing A word processing program is an office application that enables users to create, edit, format, and print textual appearanceb) Spreadsheetc) Presentationd) Graphic editing

29. Describe the uses of application software ( Word processing, spreadsheet, presentation, graphic editing )Software CategoryFunction

Word Processing-Enables users to create, edit, format, and print textual appearance.Ex. Corel Word Perfect, Microsoft Word, Sun Staroffice Writer

Spreadsheet-Process information in the form of grid of columns and rows.Ex. Corel Quattro Pro, Microsoft Excel, Sun Staroffice Calculator

Presentation-Enables user to create transparencies, slides and handouts for presentationEx. Corel Presentation, Microsoft Power Point, Sun Staroffice Impress

Graphic editing-Edit digital representation or non-text information such as drawing, charts or photographsEx. Adobe Photoshop, Corel Draw, Macromedia Freehand, The GIMP

30. State the differences between Word Processing and Spreadsheet.Word Processing( Microsoft Word )DifferencesSpreadsheet( Microsoft Excel )

Replaces the typewriter for producing documents such as lettersMain UsageWidely used for repetitive calculations

Letters, memo, reports, mailing, labels newslettersDocument TypeAccounts, grade books

Limited functionality of calculationsCalculationsWide range of functions for calculation

31. State the types of Application SoftwareType of SoftwareProprietary/Closed Source Software ( company that developed owns software and no one may duplicate it without that companys permission )Open Source Software ( software free to use and which provides the original source code used to create it so that users can modify )

Word ProcessingMicrosoft WordCorel Word Prefect-Open Office Write-K Word

SpreadsheetMicrosoft ExcelEasy Spreadsheet-KSpread-GNumeric

PresentationMicrosoft Power PointCorel Presentation-Open Office Impress-KPresenter

Graphic editingAdobe PhotoshopAdobe Illustrator-PhotoScape-CinePaint

32. State the differences between Proprietary and Open Source Software.Open Source Office( Linux, Ubuntu, Mozilla Firefox 3.0, Blender, GIMP, Inkscape, Redhat, CalmAV, OpenLDAP, Audacity, KOffice )Proprietary( Window 7, Microsoft Word 2010, Adobe Photoshop CS4 )

AdvantagesDisadvantages

-Users can get open software for free of charge-Source code is not avaiable to user

-Users can install software freely into any computer-Users cannot modify the software

-Source code is available to user-Users cannot pay to get the proprietary software

-User can modify the software-Users must have a license from vendor before install into computer

-