Chapter 19

Vital Concepts & Truths to Know in John 19• Jesus truly died; there was and is no doubt!– The Romans had perfected putting people to death! They knew

death!– The Roman soldiers “saw that He was already dead” (John

19:33). They knew death!– The spear pierced His side and out came blood and water

(19:34). He was dead!– As an eyewitness, John saw and testified that Jesus was truly

dead (John 19:35).– Pilate would not have permitted Jesus’ body to be taken if He

was not dead (19:38).– Joseph & Nicodemus performed burial rituals on His dead body

(John 19:39-42).

Vital Concepts & Truths to Know in John 19• The sacrificial, voluntary and vicarious death of Jesus is

too wonderful to comprehend!– It is inconceivable that He even died for Pilate; the Jews who

delivered Him; and the soldiers who beat Him, mocked Him and crucified Him! He died for all, including me!

An Overview/Theme of John 19: “Jesus Endured It All For Us!”

• Jesus endured a corrupt, weak, self-centered and cowardly judge in Pilate.– Pilate stated 3 times, “I find no fault in Him” (18:38; 19:4, 6).

• Still, Pilate had an innocent Man scourged and then crucified (19:1, 16).• Pilate was more concerned about being politically accepted than doing

right.– Pilate wrongly thought the scourging & humiliation would

satisfy the Jews (19:1-5).• His efforts evidenced how corrupt, weak and ineffective his efforts were.

– Pilate became fearful when he thought a Roman deity might be before him (19:8-9).• He turned from having any concern for justice to concern only for

himself.


• Jesus endured a corrupt, weak, self-centered and cowardly judge in Pilate.– Pilate revealed his judgment would be based on power &

preference, not truth (10).• Pilate’s authority & power came from God, not from Pilate or Rome

(11).• Pilate was accountable to God for how he exercised his authority (11).

– While Pilate was continually seeking to release Jesus, he was a coward (John 19:12).• He thought he might have to answer to Caesar for treason (19:12-13).

– Pilate succumbed to the pressure of the Jews (John 19:14-16).• Turning Him over, he attempted to shame them, “Behold your King!”• However, there was no shaming the Jews, only further incensing them.


• Jesus endured being scourged, mocked and made a spectacle in His trial.– Roman soldiers brutally scourged Jesus with a violent whipping

weapon (John 19:1).– Knowing Jesus called Himself a King and the Jews

blasphemously rejected Him:• Roman soldiers made Him a crown to be a King (John 19:2).• Roman soldiers clothed Him in a royal-colored purple robe to be a King.• Roman soldiers mocked obeisance, saying over and over, “Hail, King…”

– Pilate made a spectacle of Jesus, walking Him out before the mob (John 19:4-5).• Having been violently scourged, crowned & robed – “Behold, the Man!”

(19:5).


• Jesus endured an embittered, determined and calloused enemy.– At the sight of the assaulted & humiliated Jesus, they were not

deterred.• They thunderously cried out, “Crucify Him, crucify Him!” (John 19:6).• They falsely alleged that Jesus was guilty of blasphemy (John 19:7).

– At Pilate’s continued efforts to release Jesus, their loud roar continued (19:12).• They threatened Pilate that he should be turned over to Caesar for trial.


• Jesus endured an embittered, determined and calloused enemy.– At the declaration, “Behold your King,” they reacted in united,

forceful voice.• They cried out, “Away with Him, away with Him! Crucify Him!” (19:15). • They hypocritically asserted, “We have no king but Caesar!” (19:15).

– So angry, they foolishly responded w/o thinking of their words.– Like their ancestors, they rejected God as their king.– They denied the Messiah (regardless of identity) from being king.

• Their hatred and incensed actions are unparalleled in history.– They were guilty of greater sin than Pilate for they had more

knowledge (19:11).


• Jesus endured being shamefully, painfully and viciously crucified.– Already brutally beaten and weakened, He was forced to bear

His own cross (19:17).– Jesus was nailed to a cross through His hands and feet.

• “Crucify” or “crucified” is found 12 times in John 19.• Crucifixion was the worst form of agonizing death.• Crucifixion was intended for ultimate punishment and greatest disgrace.• Crucifixion was reserved for the most violent criminals & unruly slaves.

– Jesus was crucified near the city of Jerusalem (John 19:20).• Many people passed by, seeing Him, reading the placard of “His crime.”• The crucifixion of Jesus was a public show, witnessed by many.


• Jesus endured maltreatment and selfish interest on the part of His executioners.– Customarily four Roman soldiers were assigned to each cross.– They divided His garments into four parts (John 19:23).– Instead of tearing His tunic, they gambled for it (John 19:24).– Instead of breaking His legs, they pierced His side with a spear.– Little did His executioners realize they were fulfilling prophecy:

• By dividing His garments and gambling for His tunic (Psalm 22:18).• By giving Him nothing to drink for six hours (or maybe longer) (Ps 22:15).• By choosing to not break His bones (Psalm 34:20).• By choosing to pierce His side (Zechariah 12:10).


• Jesus endured it all patiently, silently, humbly, lovingly and willingly.– When made a spectacle, Jesus did not react (John 19:5).– When Pilate became self-focused, Jesus did not answer him (9).– When Pilate pulled a power-move, Jesus pointed to the only

real power (19:11).– When suffering horribly and nearing death, Jesus cared for His

mother (19:25-27).– When He only had moments left, Jesus pointed out Scripture

was fulfilled (19:28).– When it was finished, Jesus voluntarily yielded up His spirit

(John 19:30).


• Jesus endured it all, in order to complete His task – “It is finished!” (John 19:30).– Jesus finished the redemptive work He came to accomplish!– He bore the sin of mankind & paid the debt of sin, defeating the

power of the devil.• While Jesus endured all these things, some stood by Him

and cared for Him.– The four women closest to Him stood by the cross (19:25).– His closest friend, John, stood by the cross (John 19:26).– Two “secret” disciples took Jesus’ body off the cross and buried

it (John 19:38-42).

How Chapter 19 Helps to Fulfill the Overall Purpose of the Gospel of John

• Pilate’s unbiased testimony: “I find no fault in Him at all” (John 19:4, 6).

• Testimony of Joseph of Arimathea (John 19:38-42).• Fulfillment of Prophecy– John 19:24 + Psa. 22:18– John 19:37 + Psa. 34:20– John 19:37 + Zech. 12:10

Chapter 19

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