Chapter 19
description
Transcript of Chapter 19
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CHAPTER 19
The Growth of Industry
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SECTION 1: RAILROADS LEAD THE WAY!(PAGE 551) S.1 Question How did the railways pave the way for
the expansion of industry in the West?
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TRAINS!
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INFLUENCE OF TRAINS Civil War?
After the War?
Moved troops and supplies
Lines expanded to help with trade and rebuilding.
163,000 miles of track by 1900!
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RAILROADS IN SONG John Henry
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGglKPqG16s
9 minutes
I’ve been working on the railroad
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PpZMqCiD_Nw
Buggs clip 30 sec.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrRFOCM9XtE
Rr clip 2 min or so.
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QUIZ ITEM Consolidation Practice of large RR
companies buying smaller companies
Other examples? Internet? Cable? Cell phone
companies…?
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QUIZ ITEM Railroad Barons Cornelius Vanderbilt
History Channel clip The Men Who Built
America: The Rise of Cornelius Vanderbilt (3:47) TV-G
Discover how a steamboat captain built a railroad empire.
http://www.history.com/shows/men-who-built-america/videos/the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt#the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt
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HOW DID THE RAILROADS INCREASE GROWTH IN INDUSTRY?
Raw Materials: coal, iron ore, and timber to factories
Move manufactured good to markets
Transport produce from farms
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CONNECTING AMERICA Standard Gauge Same width of RR
track, 4 feet, 8.5 inches
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STANDARD GAUGE
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RR TECHNOLOGY IMPROVES Air brakes Couplers Refrigerated cars Sleeping cars Dining cars
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QUIZ ITEM Rebates Secret discounts to
the largest customers
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HOW DID THE RAILWAYS PAVE THE WAY FOR THE EXPANSION OF INDUSTRY IN THE WEST?
Write your answer here:
Draw a picture related to your response:
Share with a neighbor! End section 1 notes.
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SECTION 2 NOTES CHAPTER 19
Inventions! How did inventions change the way
Americans lived?
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INVENTIONS Samuel B. Morse
invented?
Telegraph
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INVENTIONS Alexander Graham
Bell invented?
Telephone!
The Birth of Telecommunications (4:11) TV-PG
Alexander Graham Bell thought he was on to something, but no one wanted his new invention. Hear the first messages to travel by wire and through the air.
http://www.history.com/topics/alexander-graham-bell/videos#the-telegraph-and-telephone
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INVENTIONS Thomas Edison
invented?
Light bulb!
http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#thomas-edison
http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#light-bulb-turns-night-into-day
http://www.history.com/topics/thomas-edison/videos#edisons-failed-inventions
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INVENTIONS Henry Ford
improved…
The ways cars were made so they were less expensive
http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos#great-minds-of-business-henry-ford
http://www.history.com/topics/henry-ford/videos#henry-ford-and-the-model-t
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INVENTIONS The Wright Brothers
were the first to…
Fly an airplane!
How did the various inventions change the way Americans lived?
Assignment: Categorize the inventions on a piece of notebook paper!
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SECTION 3, C.19, THE AGE OF BIG BUSINESS
How did big business change the way Americans lived?
This time period in history is referred to as the “guilded age.”
What is guilded? Who prospered? Who did not? What is the result?
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THE CORPORATION What is a
corporation? A company that sells
shares or stock to the public
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QUIZ ITEM What are dividends? A reward or cash
payment for investing in the company stock
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THE OIL BUSINESS John D. Rockefeller Formed a company
called Standard Oil. (Kerosene)
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STANDARD OIL
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STANDARD OIL
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THE STEEL BUSINESS Andrew Carnegie Made steel at a lower
cost
Sidenote: Pittsburgh Steelers
J.P. Morgan bought Carnegie’s steel company for 450 Million.
First Billion $ company in the U.S.
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WHAT TO DO WITH ALL OF THE MONEY? Philanthropy Use of money to
benefit the community
Sidenotes: Carnegie donated over 350M, Carnegie Hall in NYC
Rockefeller, money for medical research and started the University of Chicago
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CORPORATIONS (BIG BUSINESS) Sherman Anti-Trust
Act of 1890 This was the first
attempt to limit the power of monopolies
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WHAT IS THE PROBLEM WITH MONOPOLIES?
Prices? Quality? Competition? Cell phones? Other products?
Section summary? How did big business
change the life of Americans?
End section 3.
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THE MEN WHO BUILT AMERICA The Men Who
Built America: Traits of a Titan (3:37) TV-G
Today's business leaders reflect on the character and inspiration that many of America's first titans of industry all had in common.
http://www.history.com/shows/men-who-built-america/videos/the-men-who-built-america-the-rise-of-cornelius-vanderbilt#the-men-who-built-america-traits-of-a-titan
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SECTION 4 INDUSTRIAL WORKERS Challenges for workers: Big factories Less personal Long work day (10-12 hours) 6 day work week Fired for no reason Could be replaced by immigrants who
were willing to take less pay
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WORKING CONDITIONS Sweatshops Garment workers
who toiled in crowded factories and ruined their eyesight by sewing in poor light for many hours
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CHILD LABOR Laws to protect
children were often ignored by employers
Law: 12 years old, not work more than 10 hours per day.
Jacob Riis (2:07) TV-PG
Learn how photographer Jacob Riis changed the lives of New York Citiy's poor by exposing how they were forced to live.
http://www.history.com/topics/triangle-shirtwaist-fire/videos#jacob-riis
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LABOR UNIONS BEGIN TO FORM. WHY? Trade Unions Groups that formed
because they worked in the same type of job
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UNIONS BEGIN TO GROW Collective
bargaining The union represents
the workers when bargaining with manangement.
Sidenote: Some unions are allowed to strike
Triangle Shirt Company Fire, Co. locked the doors so workers couldn’t leave early. 150 died in a fire.
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THE UNIONS TAKE ACTIONRailroad strike of 1877:
Strikebreakers were hired to replace striking workers. Led to violence
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MORE UNION ACTION Haymarket Square
Riot in Chicago 1886
Workers were protesting the killing of 4 strikes
Someone threw a bomb that killed 7 policemen.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VKkEl9XzjFc
Pbs 8 minute clip
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MORE UNION ACTION Homestead Strike: Carnegie cut
worker’s wages hoping to break the union, led to riots
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r5j2Zm353cY
Pinkertons
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MORE UNION ACTION Pullman Strike of
1894: Railway plant
workers in Chicago went on strike due to cut in wages. President Cleveland sent troops to end the strike. A big hit to the labor movement.
End section 4.
Summarize the labor movement. Include a picture in the space below.