Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a...
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Transcript of Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a...
![Page 1: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
![Page 2: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Viruses:• are much smaller than bacteria
•consist of a genome in a protective coat
•reproduce only within host cell
•use enzymes and ribosomes of host to make more viruses
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:Virus destroys host DNA, makes new viruses, digests cell wall
Lysogenic cycle:Virus inserts DNA into host genome (becoming a dormant prophage). Generations later, virus reactivates.
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
![Page 8: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lytic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
prophage
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
![Page 22: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Lysogenic cycle:
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
![Page 23: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 24: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 25: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 26: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 27: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 28: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
Lysogenic cycle:
![Page 29: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Animal Viruses:• are diverse in their means of infection
•often have an envelope acquired from cell membrane.
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Retroviruses:• made of RNA
•use reverse transcriptase to make DNA from RNA template
•DNA inserts into host genome as dormant provirus.
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Emerging viruses:• usually existing viruses that expand their host territory.
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Viroids:•naked RNA
Prions:•infectious proteins
•mad cow disease.
Chapter 18Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria
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Plasmids:•Small rings of DNA with accessory genes
Bacteria
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Plasmids:•Small rings of DNA with accessory genes.
chromosome
plasmid
Bacteria
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Transformation:
Bacteria
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Transformation:•Bacteria take up naked DNA
Bacteria
![Page 37: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Transformation:•Bacteria take up naked DNA
Bacteria
![Page 38: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Transformation:•Bacteria take up naked DNA
Bacteria
![Page 39: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Transduction:
Bacteria
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Transduction:•Phages carry bacterial DNA
Bacteria
![Page 41: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Transduction:•Phages carry bacterial DNA
Bacteria
![Page 42: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Transduction:•Phages carry bacterial DNA
Bacteria
![Page 43: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Transduction:•Phages carry bacterial DNA
Bacteria
![Page 44: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Transduction:•Phages carry bacterial DNA
Bacteria
![Page 45: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Conjugation:
Bacteria
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Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 47: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 48: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 49: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 50: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 51: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 52: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Conjugation:•Bacteria “mate” to share DNA
Bacteria
![Page 53: Chapter 18 Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria. Viruses: are much smaller than bacteria consist of a genome in a protective coat reproduce only within host.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062221/56649d245503460f949faf1e/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
The F-factor gives a bacteria the ability to conjugate
Bacteria
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The F-factor gives a bacteria the ability to conjugate.
The F-plasmid carries the genes for sex pili.
Bacteria
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Hfr cells (high frequency or recombination cells) have the F plasmid incorporated into the chromosome
Bacteria
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Hfr cells (high frequency or recombination cells) have the F plasmid incorporated into the chromosome.
The F-factor of an Hfr carries other genes along with it.
Bacteria
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R-plasmids carry antibiotic resistance.
Bacteria
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Transposons are “jumping genes” that can move about in the genome.
Bacteria