Chapter 18. 1. Commercial/Business Interests U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908.
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Transcript of Chapter 18. 1. Commercial/Business Interests U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908.
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Chapter 18 Chapter 18 Chapter 18 Chapter 18
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1. Commercial/Business 1. Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
1. Commercial/Business 1. Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
U. S. Foreign Investments: 1869-1908
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American Foreign Trade:
1870-1914
American Foreign Trade:
1870-1914
1. Commercial/Business 1. Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
1. Commercial/Business 1. Commercial/Business InterestsInterests
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2. Military/Strategic 2. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
2. Military/Strategic 2. Military/Strategic InterestsInterests
Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783
Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783
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3. Social Darwinist Thinking3. Social Darwinist Thinking3. Social Darwinist Thinking3. Social Darwinist Thinking
The White Man’sBurden
The White Man’sBurdenThe Hierarchy
of RaceThe Hierarchy
of Race
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4. Closing the American 4. Closing the American FrontierFrontier
4. Closing the American 4. Closing the American FrontierFrontier
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U. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in HawaiiU. S. Missionaries in Hawaii
Founded Christian schools and churches
Founded Christian schools and churches
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U. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of HawaiiansU. S. View of Hawaiians
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849
by virtue of economic treaties.
Hawaii becomes a U. S. Protectorate in 1849
by virtue of economic treaties.
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Hawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen LiliuokalaniHawaiian Queen Liliuokalani
Hawaii for the Hawaiians!
Hawaii for the Hawaiians!
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U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
U. S. Business Interests In U. S. Business Interests In HawaiiHawaii
1893 – AmericanAmericanbusinessmen backed businessmen backed ananuprising against uprising against Queen Queen Liliuokalani.Liliuokalani.
Sanford Ballard DoleSanford Ballard Dole
proclaims the proclaims the Republic Republic of Hawaii in 1894.of Hawaii in 1894.
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To The Victor Belongs the To The Victor Belongs the SpoilsSpoils
To The Victor Belongs the To The Victor Belongs the SpoilsSpoils
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Hawaiian Annexation Ceremony, 1898
Became 50th state in 1959
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““Seward’s Folly”: 1867Seward’s Folly”: 1867““Seward’s Folly”: 1867Seward’s Folly”: 1867
$7.2 million$7.2 million
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““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867““Seward’s Icebox”: 1867Seward’s Icebox”: 1867
Becomes 49th state in 1959
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The Imperialist TailorThe Imperialist TailorThe Imperialist TailorThe Imperialist Tailor
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Spanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in CubaSpanish Misrule in Cuba
Jose Marti, exiled poet & journalist launches a revolution – wins end to slavery
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Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy
Valeriano Weyler’s Valeriano Weyler’s “Reconcentration” Policy“Reconcentration” Policy
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““Yellow Journalism”Yellow Journalism”““Yellow Journalism”Yellow Journalism”
Joseph PulitzerJoseph Pulitzer
William Randolph Hearst
William Randolph Hearst
Hearst to Frederick Hearst to Frederick Remington:Remington: You furnish the You furnish the pictures,pictures, and I’ll furnish the war! and I’ll furnish the war!
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De Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme LetterDe Lôme Letter
Dupuy de Lôme, Dupuy de Lôme, SpanishSpanishAmbassador to the Ambassador to the U.S.U.S.
Criticized PresidentCriticized PresidentMcKinley as McKinley as weak and weak and aabidder for the bidder for the admirationadmirationof the crowd, besidesof the crowd, besidesbeing a would-be being a would-be politicianpolitician
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“The worst Insult to the United States in its History”
William William Randolph Randolph
HearstHearst of the of the New York New York JournalJournal
publishes the publishes the letter…WHY?letter…WHY?
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Remember the MaineRemember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!and to Hell with Spain!Remember the MaineRemember the Maineand to Hell with Spain!and to Hell with Spain!
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
Funeral for Maine victims in Havana
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The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
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Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!Dewey Captures Manila!
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Theodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore RooseveltTheodore Roosevelt
Assistant Assistant Secretary of the Secretary of the Navy in the Navy in the McKinley McKinley administration.administration.
Imperialist and Imperialist and American American nationalist.nationalist.
Criticized Criticized PresidentPresidentMcKinley as McKinley as having the having the backbone of a backbone of a chocolate éclair!chocolate éclair!
Resigns his Resigns his position to fight in position to fight in Cuba.Cuba.
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The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”
San Juan Hill
The The “Rough “Rough Riders”Riders”
San Juan Hill
Teddy’s bear
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The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
The Spanish-American War The Spanish-American War (1898):(1898):
“That Splendid Little War”“That Splendid Little War”
How prepared was the US for war?
How prepared was the US for war?
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The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898The Treaty of Paris: 1898
Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.Cuba was freed from Spanish rule.
Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the island ofisland ofGuam.Guam.
The U. S. paid SpainThe U. S. paid Spain$20 mil. for the$20 mil. for thePhilippines.Philippines.
The U. S. becomesThe U. S. becomesan imperial power!an imperial power!
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Teller Amendment Teller Amendment (1898)(1898)U.S. has no intention of taking over CubaU.S. has no intention of taking over Cuba
Platt AmendmentPlatt Amendment (1903) (1903)
1.1. Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its foreign powers that would endanger its independence.independence.
2.2. The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if The U.S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt.govt.
3.3. Cuba must lease Cuba must lease Guantanamo BayGuantanamo Bay to the U.S. for to the U.S. for naval and coaling station.naval and coaling station.
4.4. Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.Cuba must not build up an excessive public debt.
Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?Cuban Independence?
Senator Orville Platt
Senator Orville Platt
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Philippines - Emilio Philippines - Emilio AguinaldoAguinaldo
Philippines - Emilio Philippines - Emilio AguinaldoAguinaldo
LLeader of the Filipinoeader of the FilipinoUprising.Uprising.
July 4, 1946:July 4, 1946:Philippine Philippine independenceindependence
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Puerto Rico: 1898Puerto Rico: 1898Puerto Rico: 1898Puerto Rico: 1898
1900 - Foraker ActForaker Act..
PR became an “unincorporated PR became an “unincorporated territory.”territory.”
Ends U.S. military ruleEnds U.S. military rule
Import duties on PR goodsImport duties on PR goods
1917 – Congress grants Puerto 1917 – Congress grants Puerto Ricans the right to U.S. citizenship Ricans the right to U.S. citizenship
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Stereotypes of the Stereotypes of the Chinese Chinese
ImmigrantImmigrant
Stereotypes of the Stereotypes of the Chinese Chinese
ImmigrantImmigrant
Oriental [Chinese]
Exclusion Act, 1887
Oriental [Chinese]
Exclusion Act, 1887
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The Boxer Rebellion: The Boxer Rebellion: 19001900
The Boxer Rebellion: The Boxer Rebellion: 19001900
The Peaceful Harmonious The Peaceful Harmonious Fists.Fists.
““55 Days at Peking.”55 Days at Peking.”
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The Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door PolicyThe Open Door Policy
Secretary Secretary John HayJohn Hay..
Give all nations equalGive all nations equalaccess to trade in China.access to trade in China.
Guaranteed that China would NOT be Guaranteed that China would NOT be taken taken over by any one foreign power.over by any one foreign power.
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TheTheOpen Door Open Door
PolicyPolicy
TheTheOpen Door Open Door
PolicyPolicy
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America as a Pacific America as a Pacific PowerPower
America as a Pacific America as a Pacific PowerPower
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Panama: The King’s Panama: The King’s CrownCrown
Panama: The King’s Panama: The King’s CrownCrown
TR felt U.S. needed a TR felt U.S. needed a canal cutting across canal cutting across Central AmericaCentral America
France tries to build France tries to build one through Panama one through Panama but failsbut fails
U.S. needs permission U.S. needs permission from Colombia (ruled from Colombia (ruled Panama)Panama)
U.S. helped organize a U.S. helped organize a Panamanian rebellion Panamanian rebellion against Colombiaagainst Colombia
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U.S. pays Panama $10 million plus rent for U.S. pays Panama $10 million plus rent for landland
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Panama CanalPanama CanalPanama CanalPanama Canal
TR in Panama(Construction
begins in 1904)
TR in Panama(Construction
begins in 1904)
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The Roosevelt Corollary to The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1905the Monroe Doctrine: 1905The Roosevelt Corollary to The Roosevelt Corollary to
the Monroe Doctrine: 1905the Monroe Doctrine: 1905Chronic wrongdoing… Chronic wrongdoing… may in America, as may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately elsewhere, ultimately require intervention require intervention by some civilized by some civilized nation, and in the nation, and in the Western Hemisphere Western Hemisphere the adherence of the the adherence of the United States to the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may Monroe Doctrine may force the United force the United States, however States, however reluctantly, in flagrant reluctantly, in flagrant cases of suchcases of such wrongdoing or wrongdoing or impotence, to the impotence, to the exercise of an exercise of an international police international police powerpower .
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Speak Softly,Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!But Carry a Big Stick!
Speak Softly,Speak Softly,But Carry a Big Stick!But Carry a Big Stick!
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Commodore Matthew Perry Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853Opens Up Japan: 1853
Commodore Matthew Perry Commodore Matthew Perry Opens Up Japan: 1853Opens Up Japan: 1853
The Japanese View of
Commodore Perry
The Japanese View of
Commodore Perry
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Treaty of Kanagawa: Treaty of Kanagawa: 18541854
Treaty of Kanagawa: Treaty of Kanagawa: 18541854
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Gentleman’s Agreement: Gentleman’s Agreement: 19081908
Gentleman’s Agreement: Gentleman’s Agreement: 19081908A Japanese note agreeing A Japanese note agreeing to deny passports toto deny passports tolaborers entering the U.S.laborers entering the U.S.
Japan recognized the U.S.Japan recognized the U.S.right to exclude Japaneseright to exclude Japaneseimmigrants holding immigrants holding passportspassportsissued by other countries.issued by other countries.
The U.S. government got The U.S. government got thetheschool board of San school board of San Francisco Francisco to rescind their order toto rescind their order tosegregate Asians in segregate Asians in separateseparateschools.schools.
1908 1908 Root-Takahira Root-Takahira AgreementAgreement..
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Lodge Corollary to the Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1912Monroe Doctrine: 1912Lodge Corollary to the Lodge Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine: 1912Monroe Doctrine: 1912
Senator Henry Senator Henry CabotCabotLodge, Sr. (R-MA)Lodge, Sr. (R-MA)
Non-European Non-European powers,powers,like Japan, would belike Japan, would beexcluded from excluded from owningowningterritory in the territory in the WesternWesternHemisphere.Hemisphere.
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The Cares of a Growing The Cares of a Growing FamilyFamily
The Cares of a Growing The Cares of a Growing FamilyFamily
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Constable of the WorldConstable of the WorldConstable of the WorldConstable of the World
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Treaty of Portsmouth: Treaty of Portsmouth: 19051905
Treaty of Portsmouth: Treaty of Portsmouth: 19051905
Nobel Peace Prize for TeddyNobel Peace Prize for Teddy
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The Great White Fleet: 1907The Great White Fleet: 1907The Great White Fleet: 1907The Great White Fleet: 1907
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Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Taft’s “Dollar Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Improve financialImprove financialopportunities for opportunities for American businesses.American businesses.
Use private capital toUse private capital tofurther U. S. interestsfurther U. S. interestsoverseas.overseas.
Therefore, the U.S. Therefore, the U.S. should create should create stability and order stability and order abroad that would abroad that would best promote best promote America’s America’s commercial interests.commercial interests.
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The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Victoriano Huerta seizes control of Mexico Mexico and puts Madero in prison where he and puts Madero in prison where he was was murdered.murdered.
Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Venustiano Carranza, Pancho Villa, Emiliano Emiliano Zapata, and Alvaro Obregon fought Zapata, and Alvaro Obregon fought against Huerta.against Huerta.
The U.S. also got involved by The U.S. also got involved by occupying occupying Veracruz and Huerta fled the Veracruz and Huerta fled the country.country.
Eventually Carranza would gain Eventually Carranza would gain power in power in Mexico.Mexico.
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The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910s
The Mexican Revolution: The Mexican Revolution: 1910s1910sEmiliano
ZapataEmiliano Zapata
Francisco I Madero
Francisco I Madero
Venustiano Carranza
Venustiano Carranza
Porfirio Diaz
Porfirio Diaz
Pancho Villa
Pancho Villa
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Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
Wilson’s “Moral Wilson’s “Moral Diplomacy”Diplomacy”
The U. S. shouldThe U. S. shouldbe the consciencebe the conscienceof the world.of the world.
Spread Spread democracy.democracy.
Promote peace.Promote peace.
Condemn Condemn colonialism.colonialism.
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Searching for Searching for BanditosBanditosSearching for Searching for BanditosBanditos
General John J. PershingGeneral John J. Pershing with with PanchoPanchoVillaVilla in 1914. in 1914.
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U. S. Global Investments &U. S. Global Investments &Investments in Latin America, Investments in Latin America,
19141914
U. S. Global Investments &U. S. Global Investments &Investments in Latin America, Investments in Latin America,
19141914
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U. S. Interventions in U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920sLatin America: 1898-1920s
U. S. Interventions in U. S. Interventions in Latin America: 1898-1920sLatin America: 1898-1920s
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Uncle Sam: One of the Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”“Boys?”
Uncle Sam: One of the Uncle Sam: One of the “Boys?”“Boys?”