Chapter 17, Section 4

The Home Front

Quick Write (Review):

What were the 4 results of WWII we discussed yesterday?• The United Nations was created

• Germany was split into 4 zones

• The Nuremberg Trials to punish Nazis

• Japan was occupied by Allied forces, couldn’t have a military, and wrote a new constitution

Chapter 17, Section 4• During the war, the U.S. government needed to be sure that all Americans were helping with the war effort• The Office of Price Administration (OPA) started rationing goods such as meat, shoes, sugar, gasoline, and coffee• The War Production Board (WPB) collected paper, scrap iron, tin cans, rags, and cooking fat to help with the war effort• The government used PROPAGANDA to help get Americans to support the war

Chapter 17, Section 4• The growing economy during WWII helped put an official end to the Great Depression• The GI Bill of Rights was passed by Congress in 1944 to help soldiers returning from war readjust to American life• The GI Bill of Rights provided education and job training for veterans• There were racial tensions at home during the war as African-Americans, Mexican-Americans, and white citizens adjusted to living in cities together

Chapter 17, Section 4• When WWII began, 120,000 Japanese Americans lived in the U.S.• After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Americans feared that Japanese Americans would commit sabotage to help Japan attack again• 1,444 Japanese Americans in Hawaii were forced into confinement (internment) • On February 19, 1942, FDR signed an order requiring people of Japanese ancestry who lived along the West coast to relocate to internment camps

Chapter 17, Section 4• No specific charges were ever filed against Japanese Americans, but they forced out of their homes and held at prison camps• Japanese Americans fought for justice in the courts and in Congress• In 1944, in the Supreme Court case Korematsu v. US, the Court decided that the policy of evacuating Japanese Americans to internment camps was justified on the basis of “military necessity”