Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South (1865-1896) Section 1 Reconstruction Plans.
Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South (1865-1896)
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Transcript of Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South (1865-1896)
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Chapter 17 Reconstruction and the New South (1865-1896)
Section 3 The South During Reconstruction
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A. AB. B
In your opinion, should President Johnson have been removed from office?A. Yes
B. No
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In what ways did government in the Southern states change during Reconstruction?
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African Americans in Government• African American voters
played an important role in Reconstruct
• Contributing to Republican victories in the South
• Some African Americans were able to win seats as elected officials
• In South Carolina, African Americans held a majority in the lower house of the legislature
• In other states, African Americans held important positions, but never in proportion to their numbers
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At the National Level• 16 African Americans served in
the House of Representatives (1869-1880)
• 2 African Americans served in the Senate (1869-1880)
• One was Hiram Revels- an ordained minister
• Revels had recruited African Americans for the Union army
• He also started a school for freed African Americans in Missouri
• He also served as chaplain of an African American regiment in Mississippi
• Revels stayed in Mississippi and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1870
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Blanche K. Bruce• The other African
American senator• Also from Mississippi• A former escaped
slave• Taught in a school for
African Americans in Missouri
• In 1869 he went to Mississippi, entered politics, and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1874
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Scalawags and Carpetbaggers• Some Southern whites
backed the Republicans• Former Confederates called
them scalawags (scoundrel or worthless rascal)
• Some Northern whites moved to the South after the war and supported the Republican party
• Critics called these Northerners carpetbaggers
• Some were dishonest, but many were reformers who wanted to help the South
• Many Southerners accused the Reconstruction governments of corruption
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A. AB. BC. CD. D A B C D
0% 0%0%0%
Southern whites who supported Republicans were calledA. scalawags
B. sharecroppers
C. carpetbaggers
D. freedmen
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Resistance to Reconstruction• Most Southerners
opposed efforts to expand African Americans’ rights
• Most white landowners refused to rent land to freed people
• Store owners refused them credit and employers would not hire them
• Secret societies, such as the Ku Klux Klan, used fear and violence to deny rights to freed men and women
• The KKK wore white sheets and hoods
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The KKK• Klan members killed 1000s of
African Americans and their white friends
• Wounded many more• Burned African American
homes, schools, and churches• Many southerners, especially
planters and the Democrats, back the KKK
• They saw violence as a defense against Republican rule
• 1870 and 1871- Laws were passed to stop the violence of the Klan
• But most Southerners refused to testify against those who attacked African Americans and their white supporters
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Education• During Reconstruction, African
Americans created their own schools
• The Freedmen’s Bureau also helped spread education
• 1870s- Reconstruction governments created public schools for both races
• Within a few years about 50% of white children and 40% of African American children in the South were enrolled
• Northern missionary societies set up academies
• These academies grew into African American colleges and universities
• Fisk University in Tennessee and Morehouse College in Georgia
• Only a few states required that schools be integrated, but the laws were not enforced
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Farming• Some African Americans
purchased land with the help of the Freedmen’s Bank
• Most were unable to get land• The most common form of
farmwork for freed people was sharecropping
• A landowner rented a plot of land to a sharecropper
• An a crude shack, some seeds, and tools (also maybe a mule)
• In return, sharecroppers shared a percentage of their crops with the landowners
• After paying the landowner, sharecroppers often had little left to sell
• For many, sharecropping was little better than slavery
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A. AB. BC. CD. D
A B C D
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What was the relationship between sharecroppers and landowners?A. Landowners owned
sharecroppers.
B. Landowners sold small parcels of land to sharecroppers.
C. Sharecroppers rented a parcel of land from a landowner.
D. Sharecroppers worked the landowner’s land for asmall annual salary.
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In what ways did government in the Southern states change during Reconstruction?
-Before the Civil War, only whites could vote or hold office in the South- During Reconstruction, African American men gained these rights-African American voters mostly supported Republicans, helping Radical Republicans take control of Southern state governments-Several African Americans were elected to office
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Chapter 17 Section 3 Quiz
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African American voters were supporters of the Republican Party.
True
False
50%50%A. TrueB. False
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Hiram Revels was a plantation owner.
True
False
50%50%A. TrueB. False
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A carpetbagger was a poor person from the South who tried to make money in the North.
True
False
50%50%A. TrueB. False
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Many Democrats supported the actions of the Ku Klux Klan.
True
False
50%50%A. TrueB. False
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The Freedmen's Bank lent money to help African Americans buy land.
True
False
50%50%A. TrueB. False
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Southern whites who supported Republican policy throughout Reconstruction were
called
carp
etbag
gers.
Repub
lican
hostag
es.
scala
wags.
freed
men.
25% 25%25%25%A. carpetbaggers.B. Republican
hostages.C. scalawags.D. freedmen.
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Northerners who moved to the South and supported the Republicans were called
carp
etbag
gers.
Repub
lican
hostag
es.
scala
wags.
freed
men.
25% 25%25%25%A. carpetbaggers.B. Republican
hostages.C. scalawags.D. freedmen.
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One way some Southerners made life difficult for freed African Americans was to
keep
them
from hold
i..
keep
them
out of s
ch...
refuse
to give
them
w...
supply
them w
ith dis.
..
25% 25%25%25%A. keep them from holding government positions.
B. keep them out of schools.
C. refuse to give them work.
D. supply them with diseased food.
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What did Southerners who had the most to gain from the reestablishment of white supremacy see
as a defense against Republican rule?
votin
g rights
violen
ce
coopera
tion
Democra
tic Part
y
25% 25%25%25%A. voting rightsB. violenceC. cooperationD. Democratic Party
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What did African Americans find to be little better than slavery?
integ
ration
mov
ing to th
e North
share
croppin
g
land o
wnership
25% 25%25%25%A. integrationB. moving to the
NorthC. sharecroppingD. land ownership
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