Chapter 17 Lesson 1: European Exploration and...
Transcript of Chapter 17 Lesson 1: European Exploration and...
CHAPTER 17 LESSON 1:EUROPEAN EXPLORATION
AND EXPANSIONUNIT 8: FIRST GLOBAL AGE
MOTIVES AND MEANS
• How did the need to preserve food contribute to European exploration of the Americas?
• What does the phrase “Gold, Glory, and God” mean?
MOTIVES AND MEANS
Navigational Technology
Europeans were able to navigate to new places because of advances in navigational technology.
Advanced Cartography
Used to create more accurate maps
Astrolabe
Used to plot latitude
Magnetic Compass
Used to chart course
TAKING NOTES: A RACE FOR RICHES
Nation Explorer(s) Region(s)
Portugal
Spain
France
Use a table like this one to identify which European nations and individuals explored which regions.
THE SPANISH EMPIRE
• Why do you think Cortes wanted to make alliances with Tlaxcala and others who were tired of Aztec rule?
• Why do you think the Spanish were so “astounded” when they arrived in Tenochtitlan?
• What does their surprise tell you about their attitudes about native peoples in America?
EUROPEAN RIVALS
• What was the main goal of the West India Company?
• What resource did the Dutch try to exploit in its settlement of New Netherland?
• Why do you think fur trading did not encourage settlement?
NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES
Dutch French English
Date established
1620s 1608 1607
Where Near Hudson River New France (Canada) and Louisiana
Eastern Coast of NorthAmerica and Caribbean
Details Established by the Dutch West India company.Based on the fur trade.Conquered by the English.
Established by Samuel de Champlain.Became a royal province and grew as a colony.
Established sugar plantations in the Caribbean.
LESSON 2: THE FIRST GLOBAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMSUNIT 8: FIRST GLOBAL AGE
THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
Americas and Spice Islands
• Local cultures were destroyed
• European colonies were created
Africa and Southeast Asia
• The existing rulers stayed in power
• Local societies and trade patterns (especially slave trade) were greatly changed
The effects of European exploration were different in different parts of the world.
THE COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION
• Why did European governments pay subsidies to new industries?
• What is a favorable balance of trade?
• Why did Europeans want a favorable balance of trade?
• Why did a large supply of bullion matter?
THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGEIn the Columbian Exchange, new plants and animals were introduced to Europe and the Americas.
This process transformed the diets of people in both regions.
THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE
• What led to the increased demand for African slaves?
• What were some effects of the large slave population in the Western Hemisphere?
• What does it tell you about European slave traders that they ignored the protests of people like King Afonso of Bakongo?
• How did epidemics among the Native American populations contribute to an increase in the trade of African slaves?
CHAPTER 17 LESSON 3: COLONIAL LATIN AMERICA
COLONIAL EMPIRES IN LATIN AMERICA
• Why is this region known as “Latin America”?
COLONIAL LATIN AMERICAN SOCIETY
Peninsulares
• Colonists born in Spain
Creoles
• People of Spanish ancestry born in the Americas
Mestizos
• People with mixed Native American and European ancestry
Mulattos
• People of mixed African and European ancestry
Native Americans and enslaved Africans
ECONOMIC FOUNDATIONS
• What raw materials did the Spanish ship from their colonies back to Europe?
• What were the effects on the environment of extraction of these resources?
• How did the “encomienda” differ from the “mita” labor system?
STATE AND CHURCH
1. Converted Native Americans to Catholicism.
2. Taught trades.
3. Encouraged growth of crops
Spanish missions brought Native Americans under the control of the Spanish empire by doing these 3 things: