CHAPTER 17. 17APPOWERP… · –wanted a new bank of the us •tyler vetoed it twice all this led...
Transcript of CHAPTER 17. 17APPOWERP… · –wanted a new bank of the us •tyler vetoed it twice all this led...
CHAPTER 17
MANIFEST DESTINY AND ITSLEGACY
START OF THE 1840s
• EXPANSION WILL BE THE BIG ISSUE OFTHE 1840s
• HARRISON NOW PREZ - ONLY 30 DAYS– JOHN TYLER BECOMES PREZ– OPPOSED ALMOST EVERY IDEA OF
THE WHIG PARTY - HATED JACKSON– TROUBLE LIES AHEAD
TYLER’S PRESIDENCY
• AFTER THE ELECTION THE WHIGPARTY BEGAN ITS WORK– CLAY & WEBSTER AT ITS HEAD– WANTED A NEW TARIFF
• TYLER VETOED IT• EVENTUALLY SIGNED ONE IN 1842
– WANTED A NEW BANK OF THE US• TYLER VETOED IT TWICE
ALL THIS LED ALL BUT ONE MEMBER OF HIS CABINET TO RESIGN
PROBLEMS WITH BRITAIN
• WAR OF WORDS BACK AND FORTH INTHE PRESS
• 1837 - WAS A SMALL REVOLT INCANADA– SOME AMERICANS WENT TO HELP AND
GAVE SUPPLIES• U.S.S. CAROLINE
– U.S. SHIP ATTACKED BY THE BRITISH– BRITISH SAILOR WAS TRIED FOR MURDER
IN NY, WAS EVENTUALLY RELEASED
MAINE CONTROVERSY
• G.B. WANTED TOBUILD A ROADTHROUGHTERRITORY CLAIMEDBY THE U.S. & G.B.
• AROOSTOCK WAR– SMALL FIGHT B/N U.S.
AND BRITISHLUMBERJACKS
WEBSTER-AHSBURTONTREATY
• SETTLED THEMAINE BORDER– U.S. GOT MORE
LAND BUT THEBRITISH GOT THELAND TO BUILDTHEIR ROAD
– BRITISH ALSOGAVE UP A LOT OFLAND IN THEGREAT LAKESAREA - BIG LATER
TEXAS
• MEXICO STILL SAW IT AS APROVINCE IN REVOLT– TEXAS SOON SIGNED TREATIES WITH
NUMEROUS EUROPEAN COUNTRIES• BRITISH REALLY WANTED IT
– TO CHECK U.S GROWTH ANDPROVIDE COTTON
• BECAME A BIG ISSUE IN THE 1844ELECTION
TEXAS IN THE 1844 ELECTION
• JAMES K. POLK (D) WANTED TOANNEX TEXAS AND BEAT CLAY (W)
• TYLER SAW THIS A MANDATE TOANNEX TEXAS– TO SALVAGE SOMETHING OUT OF HIS
PRESIDENCY• TREATY PASSED IN 1845
OREGON TERRITORY
• CLAIMED AT ONEPOINT BY 4COUNTRIES– BRITISH CLAIMED THE
AREA NORTH OF THECOLUMBIA RIVER
• STRONG TRADING TIESHUDSON BAY CO.
– U.S. HAD STRONGCLAIMS TOO
• EXPLORED IT, MANYSETTLERS ANDMISSIONARIES
OREGON FEVER
• OREGON FEVER– 5,000 AMERICANS
WENT TO THEWILLAMETTE RIVERVALLEY IN BY 1846
– ONLY 700 BRITISH• BECAME A BIG ISSUE
IN THE 1844ELECTION
ELECTION OF 1844
• CLAY (Whig)VS. POLK (Dem.)• POLK WAS A DARK-HORSE CANDIDATE -
– SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE FOR 4 YEARS• MANIFEST DESITNY WAS THE BIG ISSUE
– DEMS. WERE PRO-EXPANSION– WHIGS & CLAY TRIED TO RIDE THE
FENCE• POLK NARROWLY WON
POLK’S PRESIDENCY
• HAD 4 MAJOR CAMPAIGN PROMISES -FOLLOWED THROUGH ON THEM ALL– 1) LOWER TARIFF
• WALKER TARIFF (1846)– 2) RESTORE THE INDEPENDENT
TREASURY• HAD BEEN DONE AWAY WITH DURING THE
TYLER ADMINISTRATION
POLK’S PRESIDENCY
• MAJOR CAMPAIGN PROMISES -– 3) SETTLE THE OREGON BORDER
• SOME DEMS PORMISED THE WHOLE AREA• “54°40’ OR FIGHT”• ONCE IN OFFICE POLK PROPOSED THE 49TH
PARALLEL AS A COMPROMISE (A COUPLE OFTIMES)
• THE BRITISH LATER PROPOSED THE 49THPARALLEL LINE AND WE SAID YES
• SENATE APPROVED– (PARTLY B/C OF CONFLICT WITH MEXICO)
POLK & CALIFORNIA
• POLK ALSO PROMISED TEXAS ANDCALIFORNIA (TX ALREADY ANNEXED)– WANTED CALIFORNIA BECAUSE IT WAS
FERTILE FARMLAND AND PROVIDED AHARBORS TO THE PACIFIC
• POLK TRIED TO BUY IT FROM MEXICO– WOULDN’T SELL IT– STILL MAD ABOUT TEXAS AND A
DISAGREEMENT OVER TEXAS’ SOUTHERNBORDER
– POLK DECIDES TO PICK A FIGHT WITH MEXICO
PRELUDE TO WAR
• THERE WAS A DISPUTE BETWEENTHE U.S. & MEXICO OVER THESOUTHERN BORDER OF TEXAS– MEXICO SAYS - NUECES RIVER– U.S SAYS RIO GRANDE RIVER
• RUMORS BEGAN THAT THE BRITISHWANTED TO BUY CALIFORNIA
• POLK TRIED TO BUY CALIFORNIAAGAIN AND MEXICO SAID NO
PRELUDE TO WAR
• POLK THEN DECIDED TO FORCE ASHOWDOWN WITH MEXICO
• HE ORDERED 4,000 U.S TROOPS INTOTHE DISPUTED AREA– UNDER GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR– WAITED FOR A FIGHT THAT DIDN’T COME
• EVENTUALLY SHOTS WERE FIRED ATU.S. TROOPS– POLK THEN DECLARED WAR- POPULAR– LINCOLN - SPOT RESOLUTIONS
MEXICAN WAR
• STEPHEN KEARNEYTOOK SANTA FE
• JOHN C. FREMONTTOOK CALIFORNIA
• GEN. ZACHARYTAYLOR LED THECHARGE INTO MEXICO– WON THE BATTLE
OF BUENA VISTA– STALLED IN
NORTHEN MEXICO
MEXICAN WAR
• GEN WINFIELD SCOTTTOOK OVER– TOOK CONTROL OF
MEXICO CITY
• LED TO THE END OFTHE WAR
KEARNEY SCOTT TAYLOR
TREATY OF GUADELUPE- HIDALGO
• U.S. GOT TX ANDTHE MEXICANCESSION TERR.
• MEXICO GOT $15MILLION– GUILT MONEY
• U.S. ALSO PAID$3.25 MILLION– CLAIMS OF U.S.
CITIZENS AGAINSTMEXICO
RESULTS OF THE MEXICAN WAR
• U.S. INCREASED IN SIZE BY 1/3• PROVIDED FIELD EXPERIENCE FOR
SOLDIERS WHO WOULD FIGHT THECIVIL WAR
• U.S. MILITARY HAD NEW RESPECTFROM FOREIGN COUNTIRES
• STRAINED RELATIONS WITH LATINAMERICA
• SLAVERY BACK ON THE TABLE AGAIN