Chapter 16 Birthplace of Civilization Chapter 16 Birthplace of Civilization.
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Transcript of Chapter 16
Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs
Lesson 1
• What are drugs?
Drugs
• Is any chemical substances that causes a change in a person’s physical or psychological state.
How drugs enter your body• 1-ointments or
eardrops applied directly to certain areas
• 2-transdermal(patches allow absorption into bloodstream)
• 3-Smoked or inhaled
• 4-Injected• 5-swallowed
Lesson 2
• Using Drugs as Medicine
Medicine
• Any drug that is used to cure, prevent, or treat illness or discomfort
Prescription Medicine• Written order from a doctor for a certain
medicine or treatment
Over-the-counter
• Any medicine that can be bought without a prescription
Drug Interaction
• Any effect of a drug that is different from what should be expected if the drug is taken at the same time as another drug
Side effect
• Any effect that is caused by a drug and that is different from the drug’s intended effect– Loss of hair– Dizziness,– Exhaustion– Nausea– others
Tolerance
• Is the body’s ability to resist the effects of a drug
Food and Drug Administration(FDA)
• Government agency that controls the safety of food and drugs in the United States
Drug Approval Process
Lesson 3
• Drug Abuse and Addiction
Drug Addiction
• Uncontrollable use of a drug
Dependence
• A person needing a drug in order to function properly
Physical Dependence
• Body’s need for a drug
Withdrawals
• Symptoms– Depression– Nervousness– Sleeplessness– irritability
Problems with addiction
• Hurts oneself• Hurts others• Mood swings• Lying to loved ones• Focusing in school• Cost of addiction
Lesson 4
• Stimulants and Depressants
Stimulants
• Drug that increases the body’s activity• Increases heart rate• Increases breathing• Increases blood pressure
Examples of stimulants
• Mild stimulants– Tea– Coffee– Soft drinks– Chocolate
• Hard stimulants– Crack– Cocaine– methamphetamine
Cocaine and Crack
• Most widely abused illegal stimulants. Comes from a coca plant grown in South America.
• Cocaine is usually inhaled
• Crack (rock)is smoked
Physical symptoms of Crack and Cocaine
• Increase of heart rate• Increase of blood pressure• Heart attack• Strokes• Brain damage• death
Euphoria
• A physical or mental sense of well-being
Methamphetamine
• Very powerful synthetic stimulant– Smoked – Injected• Decrease appetite • Increase body temperature
– Damage to kidneys– Damage to liver– Damage to brain– Death
Depressants
• Decreases body activity– Decrease blood pressure– Drop in heart rate– Drop in breathing
Sedatives
• Have a mild relaxation to deep sleep
Tranquilizers
• Are mild depressants that are used in small doses to treat anxiety
Barbiturates
• Strong depressants that are used to treat sleep disorders and seizures
Hypnotics
• Extremely powerful depressants that can cause sleep, loss of muscle control, and loss of memory
Rohypnol
• Powerful hypnotic depressant
• Used for surgery and to treat sleep disorders
• Not used in America but is brought in from other countries
Lesson 5
• Marijuana
Marijuana
• Is a dried flower and leaf from the Cannabis plant
• Many different names– Pot – Dope– Mary Jane– Green – Bud– reefer
Effects of Marijuana
• Some feel a stimulant affect• Some feel a depressant affect– Mild euphoria– Distortion of time and distance– Reduced energy and coordination– Sensitivity to sights and sounds– Increased appetite– Decreased memory– Slower reaction time
THC
• tetrahydrocannabinol
Serious effects of marijuana
• Thinking and concentration decreased• Difficulty reaching any goals• Decreases energy• Circulatory problems• emphysema
Lesson 6
• Opiates
Opiates
• Milk from a opium poppy
Opiates
• Extremely addictive sometime after just one use
• Often there is a strong tolerance so there is a danger of overdose
Opiate withdrawals
• Cramps• Vomiting• Muscle pain • Shaking• Chills• Panic attacks
Medical uses for Opiates
• Painkillers• Suppress coughs• Intestinal problems
Heroin• Most
powerful addictive opiate that exists
• It is made from morphine
• Can be smoked, inhaled or injected.
Lesson 7
• Hallucinogens and Inhalants
Hallucinogens
• Any drug that causes a person to hear or see things that are not present.
Flashback
• Is an event in which a hallucinogen’s effects happen again long after the drug was originally taken– They occur days, weeks
or even years.– They last for seconds to
hours
Inhalant
• Any drug that is absorbed through the lungs
• Household cleaners• Spray paint• Glues• Freon• Nitrous oxide (laughing gas
Inhalants produce
• Hallucinations• Lack of coordination• Distortion of time and distance• Difficulty speaking or thinking• Brain damage• Sudden death
Designer Drugs
• Is a drug that is produced by making a small chemical change to a drug that already exists– Ecstasy– GHB– Ketamine
Ecstasy(MDMA)
• Mind-altering drug that was created from the powerful stimulant methamphetamine– XTC– E– X– Adam
Ecstasy
• Causes– Dry mouth– Nausea– Confusion– Blurred vision– Muscle tension– Dehydration
– Seizures– Violent shaking in the
muscles– Heart failure– Sleep disorders– Memory loss– Brain damage
GHB
Is a drug that is made from anesthetics. Common ingredient is in
pesticides
GHB effects
• Dizziness• Vomiting• Loss of memory• Trouble breathing• Inability to move• Loss of consciousness• Death
Ketamine• Is a powerful drug that is closely related to the
hallucinogen PCP (angel dust). This drug is most often used during surgery on people or animals.
• Gives you a sense of dissociation (separation from reality)
• Causes permanent memory loss and coma
Lesson 9
• Staying drug free
Reasons to stay drug free
• 1- Staying healthy• 2-Staying in
control• 3-Making good
decisions• 4-Staying out of
jail• 5-saving your
money
Refusing Drugs
• Avoid situation with people who have drugs• Just say “No thanks”• Give reasons for not taking the drugs• Just leave
Lesson 10
• Getting help
Knowing when to get help
• First you need to realize that there is a problem
Intervention
• A gathering in which the people who are close to a person who is abusing drugs try to get the person to accept help by relation stories of how his or her drug problem has affected them
Counseling
• A professional who is trained to offer advice and solutions for emotional problems by addressing the emotional problem behind the drug problem
Treatment Centers
• A facility with trained doctors and counselors where people who abuse drugs can get help for their problems
Detoxification
• Is the process by which the body rids itself of harmful chemicals
Support Groups
• A group of people who have undergone the same or very similar problems.
Many Paths to Wellness
Drug Problem
Intervention
Counseling
Treatment Centers
Support Group
Wellness
Chapter 16
Medicine and Illegal Drugs