Chapter 15: The Nation Breaking Apart - Kyrene School District · 2012-09-13 · SQ3R Chapter 15...
Transcript of Chapter 15: The Nation Breaking Apart - Kyrene School District · 2012-09-13 · SQ3R Chapter 15...
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Chapter 15:
The Nation Breaking Apart
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 1 –Tensions Rise Between North and South p.480-487
SURVEY Headings and Subheadings: 1) One American’s Story 2) North and South Follow Different Paths 3) Industry and Immigration in the North 4) Agriculture and Slavery in the South 5) Slavery and Territorial Expansion 6) The Wilmot Proviso 7) The Compromise of 1850 8) The Crisis Deepens 9) The Fugitive Slave Act 10) Outrage Over the Act 11) Violence Erupts 12) The Kansas-Nebraska Act 13) Bleeding Kansas 14) Violence in Congress
Boldfaced or italicized words and their definitions:
15. Wilmot Proviso
16. Free-Soil Party
17. Stephen A. Douglas 18. Compromise of 1850 19. Fugitive Slave Act
SURVEY continued
20. Harriet Beecher Stowe 21. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 22. Kansas-Nebraska Act 23. Bickering 24. Popular Sovereignty
Explanation of any pictures or graphics in the text: 25. p.481
26. p.482
27. p.483
28. p.484
29. p.485 30. p.486
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 1 –Tensions Rise Between North and South p.480-487 QUESTION Go over the questions to read with a purpose:
How were the North and South different?
Why was Westward expansion such a problem for Congress?
What were some of the solutions Congress tried to create to the Westward expansion problem?
Why did violence erupt in both Congress and Kansas?
What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war?
READ continued
37. The Compromise of 1850
Deal over slavery & new land. North gets CA free state & WashDC abolish slavery. South gets FSA & no bans on slavery in new lands. Douglas helps pass law. No one happy. 38. The Crisis Deepens
Instead of making people calm, the FSA riles them up. 39. The Fugitive Slave Act (FSA)
Escaped slaves captured in North without warrant or trial & taken South. North cause they are forced to help or punished (jail/$$). More North join abolitionists. 40. Outrage Over the Act
1852 HB Stowe writes Uncle Tom’s Cabin. It says slavery evil. North . South & says book is LIES! 41.Violence Erupts
FSA & Uncle Tom’s cause fights in Kansas (KS) and Congress. 42. The Kansas-Nebraska Act (KS-NE Act)
1854 Sen. Douglas creates KS-NE Act; uses popular sovereignty & breaks KS-NE into two parts. Destroys MO Compromise. 43. Bleeding Kansas
1855: Pro-slave MO citizens vote illegally in KS, create KS pro-slave government. KS Anti-group won’t follow new gov. Pro-group destroy town in “Sack of Lawrence.” In revenge, Anti-group John Brown kill 6 in “Potawatomie Massacre.” “Bleeding Kansas” turf war over slavery. 44. Violence in Congress
May 1856: Sen. Sumner (MA) makes anti-slave speech & insults Sen. Butler (SC). Rep. Preston Brooks (SC) attacks Sumner with cane & beats him unconscious. North horrified. South celebrates. Republican Party formed.
READ/RAP -Read each section below, stop, ask yourself the main idea and details, Paraphrase/Put it in your own words:
31. One American’s Story
Alex noted there were big cultural differences between North & South. People motivated to work hard in North but not in South. 32. North and South Follow Different Paths
North was small farms, industry (factories) and commerce (trade). South was large plantation farming using slave labor. 33. Industry and Immigration in the North
Immigrants go to North for jobs. Transportation (canals & railroads) move westward. Against slavery because immoral and threat to JOBS! 34. Agriculture and Slavery in the South
Slavery good: offers food, clothing, shelter & Christianity. Rich owners run South. Poor whites okay with slavery because of “social superiority” & racism. 35. Slavery and Territorial Expansion
Missouri (MO) Compromise solved slavery issue in Congress for 26 years until Mex-Am War in 1846. 36. The Wilmot Proviso (WP)
Rep. D Wilmot’s (PA) idea to stop slavery in new land from Mex-Am War. South claims WP violates 4th Amendment property rights. It doesn’t pass—NO LAW. Political party formed Free-Soil Party. Makes slavery issue again in Congress.
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 1 –Tensions Rise Between North and South p.480-487 RETELL/ RECITE Answer the ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS!
45. How were the North and South different?
North: Factories; no slavery because it is immoral & threatens jobs; lots of immigrants; commerce (trade—merchants); small farms; expand westward by building transportation (railroads & canals) South: slave labor; believe slavery is GOOD for the slaves; large-scale plantations/estates; few immigrants; rely heavily on existing rivers for transportation, do not build many railroads 46. Why was Westward expansion such a problem for Congress?
New territory throws off the balance of power in Congress. If all slave areas, then South will have more power and can legalize slavery EVERYWHERE. If land doesn’t allow slavery, then the North will have more power and can outlaw ALL slavery in US. 47. What were some of the solutions Congress tried to create to the Westward expansion problem?
Wilmot Proviso: no slavery allowed in new land—didn’t pass
Free-Soil Party: political group that tries to stop expansion of slavery
Compromise of 1850: California is free state; abolishes slavery in DC; Fugitive Slave Act (FSA); new land open to slavery—passes
Popular sovereignty (KS-NE Act) allows people in an area to decide if they want slavery—passes
Republican Party: political group that wants to outlaw ALL slavery 48. Why did violence erupt in both Congress and Kansas?
Cheaters from Missouri (MO) vote illegally in KS election for slavery
Pro-slavery group “Sack of Lawrence” attack anti-slavery town & destroy it
John Brown and anti-slavery gang murder pro-slave neighbors in “Potawatomie Massacre”
“Bleeding Kansas” 3-year turf war between pro- and anti-slavery supporters
“Bleeding Congress” Sumner attacked on Senate floor by Brooks. 49. What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war? Top three issues:
Mexican-American War (War with Mexico)
Fugitive Slave Act/Stowe & UTC Bleeding Kansas
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Use one of the Thinking Maps below to help organize your thoughts before writing your paragraph.
Tensions Rise
Economic Political Social
North
South
Wilmot Proviso
Free-Soil Party
Compromise of 1850
FSA/UTC
KS-NE Act/Pop Sov
Bleeding KS & Congress
Re-state: Tensions Rise
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 1 –Tensions Rise Between North and South p.480-487 REVIEW Informational Text- Summarize in a color-coded paragraph. Review must happen within 24 hours of reading!
(Sample beginning for paragraph)
____Conflict arose throughout the nation which led the country closer to civil
war. To begin, North and South divided due to differences in their economies.
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 2-Slavery Dominates Politics p.490-497
SURVEY Headings and Subheadings: 15) One American’s Story 16) Slavery and Political Division 17) The Republican Party Forms 18) Election of 1856 19) The Breaking Point 20) The Case of Dred Scott 21) The Lincoln-Douglas Debates 22) John Brown’s Raid
Boldfaced or italicized words and their definitions: 9. Republican Party
10. John C. Fremont
11. James Buchanan
12. Dred Scott v. Sandford 13. Roger B. Taney 14. Abraham Lincoln
SURVEY continued
15. Harpers Ferry 16. Whig Party 17. Know-Nothing Party
Explanation of any pictures or graphics in the text: 18. p.491 19. p.492 20. p.493 21. p.494 22. p.495 23. p.496 24. p.497
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 2-Slavery Dominates Politics p.490-497
QUESTION Go over the questions to read with a purpose:
How did slavery affect the political parties?
What was the Dred Scott case?
Why was the Lincoln-Douglas debate important?
What was John Brown’s raid?
What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war?
READ continued
29. The Breaking Point
Slavery debate went to US Supreme Court (Judicial Branch) in Dred Scott v. Sandford. 30. The Case of Dred Scott
MO slave Scott sued for freedom after owner died. Supreme Court Chief Justice Taney ruled against Scott (Scott LOST). Court said not a citizen, no rights, forced to follow MO slave codes (rules); Bans on slavery violate 5th Amendment property rights. 31.The Lincoln-Douglas Debate
1858 Reps choose Lincoln to take on Dem. Douglas for Illinois (IL) Senate seat. Lincoln & Douglas debate 7 times around IL. Lincoln against EXPANDING slavery; Douglas for pop.sov. Douglas wins re-election. Lincoln becomes famous in Rep Party. 32. John Brown’s Raid
1859 Brown & crew take control of US arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, VA, attempts to create slave revolt. No slaves show; Marines come & capture Brown & others. Brown convicted of conspiracy, treason, and murder. He is hanged. North treats Brown like a hero. South outraged.
READ/RAP -Read each section below, stop, ask yourself the main idea and details, Paraphrase/Put it in your own words:
25. One American’s Story
Emily Edmonson & family escapes slavery. Stowe’s brother buys their freedom & Stowe sends them to Oberlin College. Emily becomes active abolitionist. 26. Slavery and Political Division
KS-NE Act caused Whig Party (1834-1854) to tear apart. South Whigs supports pop sov. North Whigs against Act. 27. The Republican Party Forms
North Whigs join Free-Soilers, abolitionists & North businessmen to form Republican Party (1854). Anti-slavery & pro-North. Choose John C. Fremont (the Pathfinder). 28. Election of 1856
Democrat James Buchanan (moderate/keep Union together) Republican John C. Fremont (abolish slavery) Know-Nothing Millard Fillmore (undecided on slavery) Fremont’s name left off of some South ballots. Buchanan wins Presidency.
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 2-Slavery Dominates Politics p.490-497 RETELL/ RECITE Answer the ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS!
33. How did slavery affect the political parties? 34. What was the Dred Scott case? 35. Why was the Lincoln-Douglas debate important? 36. What was John Brown’s raid? 37. What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war?
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Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 2-Slavery Dominates Politics p.490-497
Use one of the Thinking Maps below to organize your thoughts before writing your paragraph.
Slavery
Slavery Dominates Government
Legislative (Congress) Judicial (Supreme Court) Executive (Presidency)
Election of 1856 Dred Scott case
John Brown Raid Whig Party Breaks
Lincoln-Douglas Debate
Republican Party formed
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 2-Slavery Dominates Politics p.490-497 REVIEW Informational Text- Summarize in a color-coded paragraph. Review must happen within 24 hours of reading!
(sample beginning for paragraph)
______In the late 1850’s, the issue of slavery infringed on all three branches
of our government. First, slavery created conflict in the legislative branch.
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 3-Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession p.498-504
SURVEY Headings and Subheadings: 23) One American’s Story 24) The Election of 1860 25) The Split in the Democratic Party 26) Two Political Races 27) Southern States Seceed 28) The Confederate States of America 29) The Union’s Response 30) The Failure of Compromise 31) Lincoln’s Inauguration
Boldfaced or italicized words and their definitions: 10. Confederate States of America 11. Jefferson Davis 12. Crittenden Compromise 13. Platform 14. Secede
15. States’ Rights
SURVEY continued
Explanation of any pictures or graphics in the text: 18. p.498 19. p.499 20. p.500 21. p.501 22. p.502 23. p.503
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 3-Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession p.498-504
QUESTION Go over the questions to read with a purpose:
What were the results of the 1860 presidential election?
How did seven Southern states justify their decision to secede?
What happened at Lincoln’s inauguration?
What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war?
READ continued
29. Southern States Secede
South threatened to leave Union if Lincoln elected. 30. The Confederate States of America (CSA)
Dec 20, 1860, South Carolina seceded saying they joined by choice, they can leave (states’ rights). Feb 1861, SC, MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, and TX seceded & form CSA. Jefferson Davis is President. 31. The Union’s Response
North said South’s secession “unconstitutional”. Pres Buchanan argued against secession; says federal government is sovereign so states don’t have the right to leave. North says South’s sore losers. 32. The Failure of Compromise
Crittenden Compromise attempted to prevent secession/war by protecting existing slavery, BUT Senate rejected it. 33. Lincoln’s Inauguration
March 4, 1861, Lincoln’s sworn in as US President. Said in speech that he wouldn’t abolish slavery. Asked CSA to come back to Union. Lincoln didn’t want to invade CSA, but wouldn’t abandon federal forts in South that need to be resupplied.
READ/RAP -Read each section below, stop, ask yourself the main idea and details, Paraphrase/Put it in your own words:
25. One American’s Story
Southerners (like Mary) saw Lincoln’s election as a threat to their way of life. Many South men quit Congress jobs when they hear about it. 26. The Election of 1860
At Democrat Convention in Charleston, SC, arguments showed split in party. 27. The Split in the Democratic Party
South wanted platform to defend slavery. North want popular sovereignty. North wins platform vote & South walk out. N Dems choose SA Douglas. S Dems choose John Breckenridge. Republicans choose Lincoln. Constitutional Union Party picks John Bell. 28. Two Political Races
Lincoln & Breckenridge EXTREME! Bell & Douglas moderates. In North: Lincoln v. Douglas—Lincoln wins. In South: Breckenridge v. Bell—Breckenridge wins. Because North has larger population, Lincoln wins election for President. South has no trust!
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 3-Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession p.498-504 RETELL/ RECITE Answer the ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS!
34. What were the results of the 1860 presidential election?
Lincoln beat all competitors to win the Presidency
North had larger population than South, so North got their candidate elected
Southerns got mad and seceded from the Union (USA)
Douglas & Bell won in the border states
35. How did seven Southern states justify their decision to secede? 36. What happened at Lincoln’s inauguration? 37. What issues and events shattered the nation’s unity and led to civil war?
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 3-Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession p.498-504 Use one of the Thinking Maps below to organize your thoughts before writing your paragraph.
Election &
Secession
Election 1860
Election Issues Southern Secession Failure to Deal
Democrats split
2 Political Races
Lincoln wins
Feb 1861 CSA
Dec 20 SC Buchanan
Crittenden Comp.
States’ Rights Lincoln’s plea
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SQ3R Chapter 15 – The Nation Breaking Apart, Section 3-Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession p.498-504 REVIEW Informational Text- Summarize in a color-coded paragraph. Review must happen within 24 hours of reading!
____The Election of 1860 pushed the nation to the brink of war. First, there were problems
with the Election of 1860. ________________________________________________________
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