Chapter 15-2 part 2. Nobles Kings- owned land in the kingdom Barons- richest lords Lords- lord of...
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Transcript of Chapter 15-2 part 2. Nobles Kings- owned land in the kingdom Barons- richest lords Lords- lord of...
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Chapter 15-2 part 2
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Nobles
Kings- owned land in the kingdom Barons- richest lords Lords- lord of the fief Knights- warrior for the king (included dukes,
earls, and counts)
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Vassals and Knights
Nobles were both lords and vassals. A vassal was a noble who served a lord of
higher rank. In return, the lord protected the vassal. The vassal swore loyalty to his lord. In return for his service, the lord granted the
vassal land- known as a fief.
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The Road to KnighthoodThe Road to Knighthood
KNIGHT
SQUIRE
PAGE
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Steps to Knighthood
Page- age seven Learned to fight and
ride Care for weapons and
armor Also learned how to
read, write, manners, and music
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Squire- around age 14 Served the knight- put
on his armor, helped in battle
Learned to move in heavy armor
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ChivalryChivalry:: A Code of Honor and A Code of Honor and BehaviorBehavior Chivalry was a code of
conduct the knights followed.
Chivalry required the knights to be brave, loyal, and true to their word.
It also called for women to be protected and cherished.
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Dubbing of a Knight
About age 21 Squire bathes in clear water and dresses in a
white tunic and a bright red cloak Is tapped on the shoulder with a sword in a
ceremony of well-wishers, the lord and his lady
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Castles
No two castles looked the same
They were built as fortresses and usually made out of stone
They could take several years to build
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Parts of a Castle
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Castle
Built on a hillside or a rocky ledge
The castle was surrounded by a “curtain wall.”
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Castle Defense
Rounded or square towers were built at each of the corner walls
Narrow slits were built to shoot arrows at the enemy
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Visitors to the castle had face a deep moat filled with water
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Once across the moat, visitors faced a heavy iron gate Once across the moat, visitors faced a heavy iron gate called “portcullis”called “portcullis” then often another gate called the barbicanthen often another gate called the barbican
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Trade in the Cities
By the 1100s trade began to increase and many cities became wealthy.
Venice, Italy built a fleet of trade ships and became a major trade center.
Flanders, Belgium became the trade center for northern Europe. This area was known for its woolen cloth.
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Cities in northern Europe began to hold trade fairs where merchants exchange furs, tin, honey, and wool for cloth and swords.
People bartered or traded goods for other goods.
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People began to use gold and silver to pay for goods.
Trading companies and banks were set up to manage the sale of goods and the use of money.
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Medieval Cities
Medieval towns began to set up their own governments.
Citizens elected members of a city council to serve as judges, officials, and lawmakers.
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Narrow, winding streets Houses crowded
against one another Fire threatened the
wooden homes Dirty and smelly- trash
dumped into the streets and rivers
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Crafts people organized guilds, or business groups.
The rise of towns and the craft guilds led to a new middle class.
The guilds set standards for quality in products
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Steps to Joining a Guild
1. The Apprentice- age 10, learned trade from master who provided room and board but no wages
2. Journeyman- worked for wages until created a masterpiece
3. Master- created a masterpiece- an outstanding example of the craft