Chapter 14-Section 2-3 Notes

7/31/2019 Chapter 14-Section 2-3 Notes

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The American

Expeditionary Force May 1918- Americans sent to Europe

July 1918- 85,000 Americans help

defend Paris August 1918- 500,000 Americans

under the command of John J.Pershing enter the war

September 1918- 1.25 millionAmericans were fighting in France

November 1918- War ends


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The American

Expeditionary ForceAmericans made an immediate

impact upon the Allied war effort

Although their arrival was late,they made the difference thatdecided the war

US casualties- 50,280 menVery little compared to the rest of

the Allied nations


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The Home Front-

Shipbuilding Program US navy was in better shape than

the army thanks to TR

US government contracted for 10million tons of ships and builtshipyards to construct them

US used the convoy system tocross the Atlantic to protectthemselves against the German

subs


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The Home Front-

Mobilizing Money Expenses and loans for the war ran

into the billions of dollars

$23 billion for US war effort alone

$10 billion for Allied loans

US government used taxes and loansto pay for these expenses

Government taxes brought in $10.5 billion

Government bonds brought in $23 billion

Liberty Loans and Victory Loans


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The Home Front-

Government Intervention Some private businesses were

taken over by the government

Transportation Railroads

Railway express systems

Inland waterway systems Communications

Telephone, telegraph, and cablecompanies


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The Home Front-

Government Intervention Council of Defense

National food-control program

Run by Herbert Hoover Conducted the Belgian War Relief

Program

Broad powers over the production

and distribution of food, fuel,fertilizer, and farm machinery


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The Home Front-

Government Intervention Food Administration

Run by Herbert Hoover

Voluntary wheatless, meatless, heatlessdays

Urged the planting of war gardens

Prices on farm crops were set higher toencourage farmers to grow more

Use of grain to make beverage alcohol wasbanned

Coal was rationed for home use

Fuel and food output rose, while home

consumption decreased


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The Home Front-

Government Intervention The War Industries Board

Run by Bernard M. Baruch

Wall Street Financier

Decided what goods to produce

Set prices for government purchases

of supplies Increased production

Decreased waste


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The Home Front-

Labor Force Women

1 million women filled the labor gap left by

the 4 million enlisted men False hope for womens rights and equality

Women were asked to be patriotic and allowthe returning soldiers to have their jobs back

Minorities

African-Americans moved north to takeadvantage of the availability of jobs


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The Home Front-

Labor Force US Employment Service

Helped to fill essential jobs in vital

industries

National War Labor Board

Created to arbitrate labor disputesduring war time


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The Home Front-

War Propaganda Committee on Public Information

The Creel Commission Run by journalist George Creel

Assigned to sell the war to America

Published a daily Official Bulletin

To convince and to reassure Americansthat the war was a crusade for freedom

and democracy Results of the War Propaganda

Stirred up spy scares and a frantic hunt fortraitors


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The Home Front-

Civil Liberties Attacked Espionage Act

President was given powers of

censorship

Enacted heavy penalties againstanyone who handed out info

about any place connected withthe national defense


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The Home Front-

Civil Liberties Attacked Trading with the Enemy Act

US newspapers that printedin a foreign language had tosubmit English versions for

inspection


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The Home Front-

Civil Liberties Attacked The Sedition Act

Imposed penalties onanyone who used disloyal,profane, scurrilous, or

abusive language about theUS government, flag, oruniform


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The Home Front-

First Amendment Restrictions

Results of Decreased Civil Liberties

Citizens who disagreed in any way with

the government were harassed Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)

were relocated from Arizona to NewMexico where they were interned

Socialist Eugene V. Debs was sentenced tojail for ten years for denouncing the war

Ran for the presidency while in jail in 1920

Released in 1921

Chapter 14-Section 2-3 Notes

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