CHAPTER 14

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1

CHAPTER 14

Managing the Classroom


Learning Goals1. Explain why classroom management is both

challenging and necessary.

2. Describe the positive design of the classroom’s physical environment.

3. Discuss how to create a positive classroom environment.

4. Identify some good approaches to communication for both students and teachers.

5. Formulate some effective approaches that teachers can use to deal with problem behaviors.


Managing the ClassroomWhy Classrooms

Need to Be Managed

Effectively

Management Issuesin Elementary andSecondary School

Classrooms

Management Issuesin Elementary andSecondary School

Classrooms

ManagementGoals andStrategies

The Crowded,Complex, and

Potentially Chaotic Classroom

The Crowded,Complex, and

Potentially Chaotic Classroom

Emphasizing Instruction and

Positive Classroom

Environment

Emphasizing Instruction and

Positive Classroom

EnvironmentGetting Off tothe Right Start


Things happen quickly

Classrooms have histories

Events are often unpredictable

Classrooms are multidimensional

Activities occur simultaneously

There is little privacy

Classrooms Can Be Crowded, Complex, and Potentially Chaotic


Getting Off to the Right Start

Establish behavioral expectations and address student uncertainties

Ensure students experience success

Be available and visible Be in charge


Management Goals and Strategies

Help students spend more time on learning and less time on non-goal-directed behavior

Prevent students from developing problems



Designing thePhysical

Environment of the Classroom

Principles of Classroom

Arrangement

Arrangement Style


Basic Principles of Classroom Arrangement

Reduce congestion in high-traffic areasMake sure that you can easily see all studentsMake often-used teaching materials and student supplies easily accessibleMake sure that students can easily observe whole-class presentations


Classroom Arrangement Styles

Auditorium style Face-to-face style Off-set style Seminar style Cluster style


The Action Zone

“Action Zone” Students in these

seats are more likelyto interact with the

teacher, ask questions, and

initiate discussion.


An Example of an Effective Elementary School Classroom Arrangement


An Example of an Effective Secondary School Classroom Arrangement



Getting Studentsto Cooperate

Creating a Positive

Environment for Learning

Creating, Teaching, and

Maintaining Rules

and Procedures

General Strategies


Effective classroom managers…

Show how they are “with it” Cope effectively with

overlapping situations Maintain smoothness and

continuity in lessons Encourage students in a

variety of challenging activities


Teacher Management Styles

Authoritative: Encourages students to be independent thinkers, but provides monitoring and verbal give-and- take

Authoritarian: Restrictive and punitive with the focus mainly on keeping order rather than learning

Permissive: Students have autonomy but little support for learning skills or managing behavior


Creating, Teaching, and Maintaining Rules and Procedures

CLASSRULES

SHOULD BE

Reasonable and necessary

Clear and comprehensible

Consistent withinstructional and learning goals

Consistent with school rules


Getting Students to Cooperate

COOPERATION

Developpositive

student/teacher relationships

Reward appropriate

behavior

Share classroom

responsibilities



Listening Skills

Being a Good Communicator

Speaking Skills

Nonverbal Communications



SPEAKING SKILLS

Assertive people express their feelings, ask for what they want, and act in their own best interest.

“You” messages are undesirableAggressive messages are often hostileManipulation makes others feel guiltyPassive people don’t express their feelings


Being a Good Listener

Active Listening• Pay careful attention to the person

who is talking• Paraphrase• Synthesize themes and patterns• Give feedback in a competent

manner



NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION

FACIAL FACIAL EXPRESSIONSEXPRESSIONS

TOUCH

SILENCE

SPACE



Dealing with Aggression

Dealing with Problem Behavior

ManagementStrategies

Classroom- andSchool-Based

Programs


Enter the DebateShould teachers withhold recess as a punishment

for children who misbehave and/or don’t finish their work?

YES NO


Management Strategies

Minor Interventions

• Use nonverbal cues• Keep activity moving• Provide needed instruction• Move closer to students• Redirect the behavior• Be direct and assertive• Give student a choice

Moderate Interventions

• Withhold privileges or desired activities

• Isolate or remove students

• Impose a penalty or detention


Fighting: Emphasize inappropriateness, perspective-taking, and cooperation.

Bullying: Develop a school climate characterized by high standards, parent involvement, and effective discipline.

Defiance: Diffuse privately and avoid power struggles.

Dealing with Aggression


Classroom- and School-Based Programs

Improving Social Awareness-Social Problem Solving Project

Social Competence Program for Young Adolescents

Three Cs of School and Classroom Management Cooperative community Constructive conflict resolution Civic values

Classroom Organization and Management Program

Good Behavior Game

Skills for Life


Crack the CaseThe Chatty Student

1. What are the issues in this case?

2. Is removal from the algebra class an appropriate consequence for Darius? Why or why not?

3. Do you think removal from algebra class would have a positive effect on Darius’s behavior? Why or why not?

4. What impact do you think this would have on his motivation in school?


5. How do you think this situation will impact the relationship between Mrs. Welch and Darius?

6. What do you think Darius’s mother will do now?

7. How do you think Mrs. Zaccinelli will react when she hears about the situation?

8. How do you think the principal will react?

9. What should Mrs. Welch do?

Crack the CaseThe Chatty Student


Reflection & ObservationReflection: What strategies have teachers used to

manage your classrooms?

How have these strategies affected the learning environment?

Observation: What strategies do the teachers in this

video clip use to manage students?

How do the teachers’ management strategies differ? Be specific.

CHAPTER 14

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