Chapter 1.2- The Nature of Science€¦ · Science in Everyday Life Scientific literacy • A...
Transcript of Chapter 1.2- The Nature of Science€¦ · Science in Everyday Life Scientific literacy • A...
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Chapter 1.2- The Nature of Science!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
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What is science?
• Science is a body of knowledge based on the study of the natural world.!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
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What is science?• The nature of science is! scientific inquiry.!
• Scientific inquiry is both a creative process and a process rooted in unbiased observations and experimentation. !
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• A scientific theory is an explanation of a natural event (supported by observations and experiments.)!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• A scientific law describes relationships, but does not explain why the relationship is the way it is.!!
• Theories do not become laws and laws do not become theories.!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Pseudoscience !
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Pseudoscience imitates science!!• Driven by cultural or commercial goal !
• New questions and additional research are not welcomed!
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Characteristics of Good Science:
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
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Makes observations & draws conclusions
• Scientists choose subjects to study and decide what types of data to collect.!
• They analyze the data collected to draw conclusions.!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
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Expands knowledge!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Scientific explanations combine what is already known with evidence from observations and experiments.!!• Driven by the search for knowledge! !
• Constantly evaluate what is known!
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Challenges accepted theories
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Scientists welcome debate about one another’s ideas.!!
• Science advances by bringing in new information as it is discovered.!
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Questions results!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• In science, data that are not consistent with current scientific understanding are of interest and often lead to further investigations.!
• In pseudoscience, inconsistencies are discarded, or ignored. !
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Tests claims!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Scientists use the scientific method.!• They use data and observations from
investigations and controlled experiments.!!
• Pseudoscientists make claims that cannot be tested, or are a mixture of fact and opinion.!
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Undergoes peer review!
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The Nature of Science!Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education
• Before it is made public, science-based information is reviewed by scientists’ peers.!!
• Peer review is when an experiment and the results are evaluated by other scientists who are in the same field or who are conducting similar research.!
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Science in Everyday Life
Scientific literacy• A person who is scientifically literate
combines a basic understanding of science and its processes with reasoning and thinking skills.!!
• Ethics are a set of principles or values.!
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Homework!
1.2worksheets