Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations...

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Chapter Chapter 11.3 11.3 Genetic Genetic Changes Changes

Transcript of Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations...

Page 1: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Chapter Chapter 11.311.3

Genetic Genetic ChangesChanges

Page 2: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

MutationsMutations

Sudden genetic Sudden genetic changechange Point mutationsPoint mutations Frameshift mutationFrameshift mutation Chromosomal Chromosomal

mutationmutation

www.chemistryexplained.com/images/chfa_03_img

Page 3: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

www.catpaws.dk/images/mutation.jpg

Page 4: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Point MutationPoint Mutation

Single base pair in DNASingle base pair in DNA Ex:Ex:

Normal – AUG AAG UUU GGCNormal – AUG AAG UUU GGC

Point - AUG AAPoint - AUG AAAA UUU GGC UUU GGC

Happens at a single point, you point Happens at a single point, you point to one thing.to one thing.

Page 5: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Frameshift MutationFrameshift Mutation

Addition or deletion of a single baseAddition or deletion of a single base Ex:Ex:

Normal – AUG AAG UUU GGCNormal – AUG AAG UUU GGC

Frameshift – AUG AAG UUFrameshift – AUG AAG UU GGC GGC

Think KEYBOARDThink KEYBOARD

Page 6: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Chromosomal MutationChromosomal Mutation

Change in chromosomesChange in chromosomes Causing Causing nondisjunctionnondisjunction (to many or (to many or

not enough parts) – failure of not enough parts) – failure of chromosomes to separate chromosomes to separate Trisomy – extra chromosomeTrisomy – extra chromosome Monosomy – missing chromosomesMonosomy – missing chromosomes Triploidy – an extra setTriploidy – an extra set

- plants mostly- plants mostly

Page 7: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Source: www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/.../MUT/Mut.Types.html

http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/.../MUT/Mut.Types.html
http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/.../MUT/Mut.Types.html
Page 8: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

MutationsMutations

Some mutations can be positive – Some mutations can be positive – mutation may make an organism mutation may make an organism faster, strongerfaster, stronger

Mutations may be passed on if it Mutations may be passed on if it occurs in reproductive cells, will not occurs in reproductive cells, will not be passed on however in be passed on however in nonreproductive cells (skin, muscle, nonreproductive cells (skin, muscle, or bone.)or bone.)

Page 9: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

MutagenMutagen

Any agent that can cause a change Any agent that can cause a change in DNAin DNA

Page 10: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Causes of Mutations Causes of Mutations (Mutagens)(Mutagens)

Error in DNAError in DNA Radiation – x-ray exposure, gamma Radiation – x-ray exposure, gamma

radiation, cosmic rays, UV, nuclearradiation, cosmic rays, UV, nuclear Chemicals – dioxins, asbestos, Chemicals – dioxins, asbestos,

benzene, cyanide, formaldehyde, benzene, cyanide, formaldehyde, radioactive chemicalsradioactive chemicals

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Results of MutationsResults of Mutations

Birth DefectsBirth Defects CancerCancer

Page 12: Chapter 11.3 Genetic Changes. Mutations Sudden genetic change Sudden genetic change Point mutations Point mutations Frameshift mutation Frameshift mutation.

Repairing DNARepairing DNA

Enzymes proofread the DNA and Enzymes proofread the DNA and replace incorrect nucleotides with replace incorrect nucleotides with correct onescorrect ones


Mutations - Mr. Ciardullo's Class WebpageGene Mutations Frameshift Mutations –shifts the reading frame of the genetic message so that the protein may not be able to perform its function.

Mutations - Mr. Ciardullo's Class WebpageGene Mutations Frameshift Mutations –shifts the reading frame of the genetic message so that the protein may not be able to perform its function.

OF p. Printedin ICR-Induced Frameshift Mutations …jb.asm.org/content/101/2/490.full.pdf · ICR-Induced Frameshift Mutations in the Histidine ... rather than 45C, ... (PR-ATP) pyrophosphorylase

OF p. Printedin ICR-Induced Frameshift Mutations …jb.asm.org/content/101/2/490.full.pdf · ICR-Induced Frameshift Mutations in the Histidine ... rather than 45C, ... (PR-ATP) pyrophosphorylase

Mutations of a single base in DNA & how itbirdmanscience.weebly.com/.../mutations_presentation.1.pdf · 2019-04-02 · Mutations of a single base in DNA & how it ... Frameshift Mutations

Mutations of a single base in DNA & how itbirdmanscience.weebly.com/.../mutations_presentation.1.pdf · 2019-04-02 · Mutations of a single base in DNA & how it ... Frameshift Mutations

Mutations & Genetic Recombination

Mutations & Genetic Recombination

2007-2008 AP Biology Chapter 17 Mutations: Point, Frameshift and Examples.

2007-2008 AP Biology Chapter 17 Mutations: Point, Frameshift and Examples.

MUTATIONS How mistakes are made…. Mutations Mutations are defined as “a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information”.

MUTATIONS How mistakes are made…. Mutations Mutations are defined as “a sudden genetic change in the DNA sequence that affects genetic information”.

Web viewTumor-suppressor genes. Gene mutations. Definition: Causes: Errors in replication. Mutagens. transposons. Types of mutations: Frameshift mutations. Point mutations

Web viewTumor-suppressor genes. Gene mutations. Definition: Causes: Errors in replication. Mutagens. transposons. Types of mutations: Frameshift mutations. Point mutations

Genetic Changes Any mistake or change in the DNA sequence is called a mutation. Types of mutations are: 1.point mutation 2.frameshift mutation 3.chromosomal.

Genetic Changes Any mistake or change in the DNA sequence is called a mutation. Types of mutations are: 1.point mutation 2.frameshift mutation 3.chromosomal.

Human Genetic Disorders. Types of mutations Genetic disorders occur due to mutations. Mutations are defined as permanent damage of DNA. Mutations that.

Human Genetic Disorders. Types of mutations Genetic disorders occur due to mutations. Mutations are defined as permanent damage of DNA. Mutations that.

Frameshift mutations of YPEL3 alter the sensory circuit function … · frameshift mutants are recapitulated in a genetically null allele of dYPEL3, and that expressing wild-type

Frameshift mutations of YPEL3 alter the sensory circuit function … · frameshift mutants are recapitulated in a genetically null allele of dYPEL3, and that expressing wild-type

Gene Mutations. Mutation Vocabulary Gene Mutation Point Mutation – Substitution – Silent – Missense – Nonsense Frameshift – Insertion – Deletion Chromosomal.

Gene Mutations. Mutation Vocabulary Gene Mutation Point Mutation – Substitution – Silent – Missense – Nonsense Frameshift – Insertion – Deletion Chromosomal.

Genetic Mutations. Standards: CLE 3210.4.6Describe the connection between mutations and human genetic disorders. Objectives: Investigate the affect of.

Genetic Mutations. Standards: CLE 3210.4.6Describe the connection between mutations and human genetic disorders. Objectives: Investigate the affect of.

GENETIC MUTATIONS GENE MUTATIONS Change/mistake with individual gene Point Mutation – 1 amino acid is changed Frameshift Mutation – an amino acid is added.

GENETIC MUTATIONS GENE MUTATIONS Change/mistake with individual gene Point Mutation – 1 amino acid is changed Frameshift Mutation – an amino acid is added.

Genes, Mutations and Genetic Testing

Genes, Mutations and Genetic Testing

Genetic Code & Mutations

Genetic Code & Mutations

Genetic Mutations and Disease · Genetic Mutations and Disease Overview Genetic mutations are changes in a DNA sequence that can occur at any time in an individual’s life and in

Genetic Mutations and Disease · Genetic Mutations and Disease Overview Genetic mutations are changes in a DNA sequence that can occur at any time in an individual’s life and in

Mutations and Genetic Disorders

Mutations and Genetic Disorders

Mutations & Genetic Disorders - Ms. Bustos › ... › 4 › 120409855 › mutationsgenetic… · MUTATIONS & GENETIC DISORDERS. MUTATIONS Mutation: •Any mistake or change in the

Mutations & Genetic Disorders - Ms. Bustos › ... › 4 › 120409855 › mutationsgenetic… · MUTATIONS & GENETIC DISORDERS. MUTATIONS Mutation: •Any mistake or change in the

Genetic Mutations Cause Many Birth Defects Brent Lecture.pdf · mutations • Congenital heart defects: ≥40% genetic, most new mutations • The proportion of birth defects that

Genetic Mutations Cause Many Birth Defects Brent Lecture.pdf · mutations • Congenital heart defects: ≥40% genetic, most new mutations • The proportion of birth defects that

Mutations - MR. KAPA'S DIGITAL CLASSROOM€¦ · Types of Mutations Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion w/ frameshift 3. Deletion w/ frameshift Chromosomal Mutations 1. Duplication

Mutations - MR. KAPA'S DIGITAL CLASSROOM€¦ · Types of Mutations Point Mutations 1. Substitution 2. Insertion w/ frameshift 3. Deletion w/ frameshift Chromosomal Mutations 1. Duplication