Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.
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Transcript of Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.
![Page 1: Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56649f205503460f94c3906c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 11
Whew! It's Hot!
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Temperature and thermal energy
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Temperature – measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
Thermal energy – the TOTAL energy of the particles that make an object
Heat – the transfer of energy between objects at different temperatures
![Page 4: Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56649f205503460f94c3906c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1)Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
2)The more kinetic energy particles have the higher the temperature will be
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3) Temperature (unlike thermal energy) is not determined by the amount of substance.
BUT – if you have more of the substance you will have MORE thermal energy because you have more particles
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4) Thermal expansion is the increase in volume of a substance due to an increase in temperature.
It happens because the particles spread away from each other when heated
When particles spread apart the substance becomes less dense
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5) The three temperature scales we use are
Fahrenheit
Celsius
Kelvin
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Section 2: Heat
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1) Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between objects that are at different temperatures.
![Page 10: Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56649f205503460f94c3906c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
2) Thermal Energy is the TOTAL energy of particles that make up a substance.
It depends on temperature and amount of the substance.
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3) The three ways thermal energy is transferred:
ConductionConvectionRadiation
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4) Conduction is the transfer of thermal energy through direct contact between objects
![Page 13: Chapter 11 Whew! It's Hot!. Temperature and thermal energy.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062301/56649f205503460f94c3906c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
5) Items that transfer thermal energy well are called conductors (metals)
Items that DO NOT conduct energy well are called insulators
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Every atom is physically bonded to its neighbors in some way. If heat energy is supplied to one part of a solid, the atoms vibrate faster. As they vibrate more, the bonds between atoms are shaken more. This passes vibrations on to the next atom, and so on:
Eventually the energy spreads throughout the solid. The overall temperature has increased.
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6) Convection: transfer of thermal energy by movement in a liquid or gas.
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7) Radiation is the transfer of thermal energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves.
Examples: light and heat from a fire
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Temperature vs Thermal energy:What’s the difference?
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Thermal Energy vs Heat: What’s the difference?
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• Click on the address below for more info on physical and chemical changes
• Address: http://schools.bcsd.com/fremont/5th_sci_matter_physical_changes.htm