Chapter 11 ffi
-
Upload
dan-koopman -
Category
Business
-
view
584 -
download
1
description
Transcript of Chapter 11 ffi
Essentials of Fire Fighting6th Edition
Firefighter I
Chapter 11 — Forcible Entry
Explain the basic principles of forcible entry.
Learning Objective 1
11–2
Forcible entry has two outcomes when performed properly.
11–3
Forcible entry can be applied to other situations and always requires effective size-up and situational awareness.
11–4
Co
urte
sy of R
ich M
ah
an
ey
The supervisor or IC must weigh several factors to determine entry point.
11–5
Firefighters should never force entry without order to do so.
11–6
DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is meant by “Try before you pry”?
11–7
After trying normal entry, look for lock boxes near the main entrance.
11–8
The general considerations for forcible entry include three areas.
11–9
Security barriers require specialized training, tools, and knowledge to force.
11–10
Co
urte
sy of L
os A
ng
ele
s Fire
De
pa
rtme
nt - IS
TS
REVIEW QUESTION
What are the basic principles of forcible entry?
11–11
Describe the basic construction of locksets.
Learning Objective 2
11–12
The term “lockset” describes all types of door latches, locks, and locking devices.
11–13
Door locks and latches can be found on all exterior and many interior doors.
11–14
Mortise locks are mounted into a cavity in the door’s edge and the door jamb.
11–15
Cylindrical locks are the most common lockset and are installed by boring two holes at right angles to each other.
11–16
Cylindrical locks are divided into two types.
11–17
The easiest way to breach modern dead bolts in a wood residential door is to force the door itself.
11–18
Co
urte
sy of R
ich M
ah
an
ey
Rim locks are mounted on the interior door surface and are used to supplement doors with or without locks.
11–19
High-security locks come in a variety of forms and functions.
11–20
Other locking devices may supplement a door lock or be used in place of a lock.
11–21
Padlocks are portable or detachable locking devices and are divided into two types.
11–22
Other locking devices firefighters may encounter include the following.
11–23
REVIEW QUESTION
What types of locksets may firefighters encounter during forcible
entry operations?
11–24
Describe considerations a firefighter must take when using forcible entry tools.
Learning Objective 3
11–25
CAUTION!
Always wear appropriate PPE when using forcible entry tools.
11–26
Follow these general considerations when using cutting tools.
11–27
Axes are the most common type of cutting tool in firefighting and have a wide variety of uses.
11–28
Metal cutting devices are used to cut through several types of obstacles in a variety of ways.
11–29
Power saws can be powered in a number of ways and must always be used safely.
11–30
CAUTION!
• Wear eye, hearing, and hand protection when operating any power saw.
• Never force a power saw beyond its design limits. Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Do not use a power saw in a flammable atmosphere.
11–31
Electrical or battery-powered circular saws are used in fire fighting, rescue and overhaul operations.
11–32
Rotary saws have interchangeable blades that can produce sparks when used on certain surfaces.
11–33
CAUTION!
Sparks from cutting operations can cause additional fires. Have a charged hoseline or portable fire extinguisher close at hand during cutting.
11–34
WARNING!
Never use a rotary saw to cut the shell of any storage tank that might contain flammable vapors.
11–35
CAUTION!
The blade guards on some rotary saws are not designed for use with carbide-tipped blades. Be sure that the saw is designed for the blades used.
11–36
Reciprocating saws and chain saws both have advantages in specific circumstances.
11–37
Prying tools help open doors, windows, locks, and move heavy objects by providing mechanical advantage.
11–38
Manual prying tools are usually constructed from a single-piece of high-carbon steel 30-36 inches (762-900 mm).
11–39
Hydraulic prying tools come in different forms; manual hydraulic tools have specific benefits and drawbacks.
11–40
Manually powered
Rescue tools and hydraulic door openers can be used effectively for forcible entry.
11–41
Pushing/pulling tools have limited uses for forcible entry, but can break glass and open walls or ceilings.
11–42
Striking tools are basic hand tools with a weighted head attached to a handle.
11–43
Forcible entry tools must be used in combination because no single tool can handle every situation.
11–44
DISCUSSION QUESTION
What is the most important factor to consider before performing forcible entry?
1–45
Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–46
(Cont.)
Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–47
(Cont.)
Keep in mind the following safety guidelines when working with forcible entry tools.
11–48
Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–49
(Cont.)
Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–50
(Cont.)
Use extreme care when operating rotary, power, and chain saws to prevent injury.
11–51
REVIEW QUESTION
What are some basic tool safety tips firefighters should follow during
forcible entry operations?
11–52
Protect yourself and others when carrying tools, and get help transporting heavy tools.
11–53
Indicate steps needed to care for and maintain forcible entry tools.
Learning Objective 4
11–54
Forcible entry tools must be maintained properly so they function safely and effectively.
11–55
Refer to manufacturer’s guidelines and department procedures to report damaged tools and remove them from service.
11–56
REVIEW QUESTION
Who cares for and performs maintenance on forcible entry tools?
11–57
Explain the ways to force entry through various types of doors.
Learning Objective 5
11–58
Identify considerations that need to be taken when forcing entry through locks, padlocks, overhead doors, and fire doors.
Learning Objective 6
11–59
Begin forced entry through a door only after size up and with minimum damage.
11–60
Breaking door glass is often the best option when forcing entry.
11–61
Look for the placement of the hinges when forcing swing doors.
11–62
Direction of Entry
Hinge on inside
Hinge on outside
Inward-swinging Outward-swinging
Double-swinging doors and doors with drop bars present unique challenges during forcible entry.
11–63
Forcing entry through a tempered plate glass door has many drawbacks, but may be used as a last resort.
11–64
Glass should be shielded when broken
Determine the method for forcing sliding doors or security doors/gates by identifying the type.
11–65
Through-the-lock entry requires good size-up of the door and lock, and can be accomplished with several tools.
11–66
Forcing padlocks can be accomplished using several methods and tools.
11–67
Use a rotary saw to force entry on an overhead door.
11–68
WARNING!
All overhead doors should be blocked in the up or open position to prevent injury to firefighters if the built-in control device fails.
11–69
Fire doors are usually found inside the structure and should be blocked open after forcible entry as a precaution.
11–70
Closed doors can
cut off hoselines
DISCUSSION QUESTION
Where are fire doors generally encountered in a structure?
1–71
REVIEW QUESTION
How do the considerations that must be taken when forcing entry through swinging and sliding doors compare?
11–72
Describe forcible entry methods used for windows.
Learning Objective 7
11–73
Explain considerations firefighters must take when forcing entry through miscellaneous types of windows and covers
Learning Objective 8
11–74
Forcible entry through windows can be easy, but may create further hazards.
11–75
Breaking window glass is a common entry method, but several factors must be considered.
11–76
Forcing entry by breaking fixed windows should be done only as a last resort.
11–77
Double-hung windows have two sashes and a locking mechanism on the inside.
11–78
Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–79
(Cont.)
REVIEW QUESTION
How does the process for forcing entry through fixed windows compare to forcing entry through awning windows?
11–80
Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–81
(Cont.)
Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–82
(Cont.)
Co
urte
sy of F
lorid
a S
tate
Fire
Co
lleg
e
Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–83
(Cont.)
Housing and Urban Development (HUD) Windows
Forcing entry on other types of windows depends on their design.
11–84
REVIEW QUESTION
What dangers may be present when forcing entry through miscellaneous types of windows and covers?
11–85
Describe forcible entry methods for breaching walls.
Learning Objective 9
11–86
Breaching walls requires meeting certain criteria before attempting.
11–87
Breaching exterior walls poses hazards such as structural collapse and concealed utilities.
11–88
DISCUSSION QUESTION
When should a concrete wall be breached?
1–89
Interior walls also conceal utilities and can be either load-bearing or non-load-bearing.
11–90
REVIEW QUESTION
How do forcible entry operations for exterior walls compare to those for interior walls?
11–91
Explain forcible entry methods for breaching floors.
Learning Objective 10
11–92
Breaching floors may be done for several reasons and methods vary by how a floor is constructed.
11–93
A variety of cutting tools are used to breach wooden floors.
11–94
Breaching concrete floors presents more difficulties and requires different cutting tools.
11–95
Using jackhammers or “stitch drilling” can open floors rapidly
REVIEW QUESTION
What does the feasibility of opening a floor during a fire fighting
operation depend on?
11–96
Indicate methods for forcing fences and gates.
Learning Objective 11
11–97
A wide variety of fencing materials can pose a number of hazards when forcing.
11–98
Wire and other types of fences can be forced with cutting tools.
11–99
CAUTION
• Wire will recoil in the direction of the next post on the fence when it is cut.
• Cutting electrified fences before deenergizing the fence may result in electric shock.
11–100
Going over some types of fences may be easier than going through them.
11–101
Security gates may have lock boxes, electronic locks, padlocks, or they may be monitored by staff.
11–102
REVIEW QUESTION
What techniques can be used to force entry through fences or
gates?
11–103
• When normal means of entry is locked or blocked, forcible entry techniques are used to gain access into a structure or area.
• Forcible entry efforts can do minimal damage to a structure or structural components and provide quick access.
Summary
11–104
(Cont.)
• Tools and techniques are used to breach walls and floors to advance hoselines, apply extinguishing agents, access trapped victims, or ventilate an area.
Summary
11–105
Clean, inspect, and maintain hand tools and equipment.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-1.
Learning Objective 12
11–106
Clean, inspect, and maintain power tools and equipment.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-2.
Learning Objective 13
11–107
Force entry through an inward-swinging door – Two-firefighter method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-3.
Learning Objective 14
11–108
Force entry through an inward-swinging door – Cutting the lock out of the door method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-4.
Learning Objective 15
11–109
Force entry through an outward-swinging door – Removing hinge-pins method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-5.
Learning Objective 16
11–110
Force entry though an outward-swinging door – Wedge-end method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-6.
Learning Objective 17
11–111
Force entry using the through-the-lock method.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-7.
Learning Objective 18
11–112
Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the K-tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-8.
Learning Objective 19
11–113
Force entry using the through-the-lock method using the A-tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-9.
Learning Objective 20
11–114
Force entry through padlocks.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-10.
Learning Objective 21
11–115
Use a bam-bam tool.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-11.
Learning Objective 22
11–116
Cut a padlock with a rotary saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-12.
Learning Objective 23
11–117
Force entry through a window (glass pane).
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-13.
Learning Objective 24
11–118
Force entry through a double-hung window.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-14.
Learning Objective 25
11–119
Force a Lexan® window using a rotary saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-15.
Learning Objective 26
11–120
Force entry through a wood-framed wall (Type V construction) with hand tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-16.
Learning Objective 27
11–121
Force entry through a wood wall (Type V construction) with a rotary saw or chain saw.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-17.
Learning Objective 28
11–122
Breach a wall using a battering ram.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-18.
Learning Objective 29
11–123
Force entry through a masonry wall with hand tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-19.
Learning Objective 30
11–124
Force entry through a metal wall with power tools.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-20.
Learning Objective 31
11–125
Breach a hardwood floor.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-21.
Learning Objective 32
11–126
Bridge a fence with a ladder.
This objective is measured in Skill Sheet 11-I-22.
Learning Objective 33
11–127