Chapter 10.2 – DNA & RNA

Standards

• SPI 3210.4.1 Identify the structure and function of DNA.

• Class Objective:– Describe the base pairing for nucleotides.

– Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.

– List the Central Dogma of Molecular Biology.

– Describe and identify the three types of RNA.

DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid

• Structure:

– Backbone:

– Rungs:

Double helix – looks like a Double helix – looks like a twisted ladder.twisted ladder.

Deoxyribose sugar molecule (blue) Deoxyribose sugar molecule (blue) and a phosphate (green)and a phosphate (green)

Nitrogen bases (white part)Nitrogen bases (white part)

A, T, C, & GA, T, C, & G

Nucleotides

• A =

• T =

• C =

• G =

Adenine Adenine pairs with pairs with TT

Thymine Thymine pairs with pairs with AA

Cytosine Cytosine pairs with pairs with GG

Guanine Guanine pairs with pairs with CC

Complementary Base Pairs: A-T C-Complementary Base Pairs: A-T C-GG

While you Draw

• Discuss with your table - how does DNA “work”? How does it send messages? How are the messages carried out?

Central Dogma

• The basic idea of how DNA does it’s job.

RNA DNA•

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Single Stranded Single Stranded & short (one & short (one gene)gene)

Double Stranded & Double Stranded & long (100s genes)long (100s genes)

Base Pairs: Base Pairs: A-U C-GA-U C-G

Base Pairs: Base Pairs: A-T C-GA-T C-G

Sugar Sugar Backbone: Backbone: RiboseRibose

Sugar Backbone: Sugar Backbone: DeoxyriboseDeoxyribose

Types of RNA• mRNA – Messenger RNA

• rRNA – Ribosomal RNA

• tRNA – Transfer RNA

Short single strand that carries genetic Short single strand that carries genetic information from DNA in nucleus to the information from DNA in nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm or on the ER.ribosome in the cytoplasm or on the ER.

Along with proteins makes the ribosome.Along with proteins makes the ribosome.

Transfers amino acids to the ribosome to build Transfers amino acids to the ribosome to build a protein.a protein.

Exit Ticket

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