Chapter 10 World War I

■ #1 Outbreak of World War I

■Essential Question:Essential Question:–What caused World War I?–Why was the U.S. unable to

remain neutral in this conflict?

■Warm-Up QuestionWarm-Up Question:–How did the Spanish-American

War impact the United States?–How did Theodore Roosevelt

“build” the Panama Canal?

The Outbreak of World War I■The outbreak of WWI in 1914 was a

test for America’s new foreign policy–The USA was an imperial power

after the Spanish-American War–The U.S. built the Panama Canal,

used the Roosevelt Corollary to control Latin America, & created the Open Door Policy in China

–But, the USA maintained a policy of neutrality in European affairs

MMILITARISMILITARISMAALLIANCESLLIANCESIIMPERIALISMMPERIALISMNNATIONALISM ATIONALISM

What caused World War I?

By the 20th century, European powers began to glorify war as a means to accomplish their goals

Britain, France, Germany developed modern armies

& navies, leading to an arms race in Europe

Militarism

Germany, Austria-Hungary, & Italy made up the Triple Alliance

England, France, & Russia made up the

Triple Entente

Alliances & Imperialism

Increasing militarism led nations to form powerful alliances in case of war

As European nations gained imperial colonies, competition led to rivalries

Pre-War Alliance Network

Nationalism

Feelings of nationalism led strong countries to want to gain more power & led many weaker nations to want to re-define their boundariesNationalism was strong in the Balkans, where Serbia hoped to unite

with Austrian Slavs

In 1914, Serbian terrorists assassinated

Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

The assassination sparked World War IThe Western Front The Eastern FrontThe Allied Powers

The Central Powers

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The Great War quickly became the first “world war”

American Neutrality■When World War I began in 1914,

President Woodrow Wilson declared U.S. neutrality

But by 1917, the USA entered

WWI as an Allied Power…

WHY?

America Enters the War■By 1917, the USA entered WWI as

an Allied Power because:–German unrestricted submarine

warfare violated U.S. free trade–Germany’s Zimmerman Telegram

offered to return the Mexican Cession if Mexico invaded the USA

–President Wilson hoped to stop the Central Powers & make the world “safe for democracy”

■The USA declared war in April 1917

Americans were killed when the Lusitania, Sussex, & Arabic sank