C H A P T E R 1 0S E C T I O N 3

MUSLIM CULTURE

KEY TERMS

• House of Wisdom• Caligraphy

MUSLIM SOCIETY

• The rise of Muslim cities• Damascus was the

center of learning• Cordoba, Baghdad,

Jerusalem• Were symbols of

strength• Baghdad the most

imprressive

RISE OF MUSLIM CITIES

• Baghdad had a circular design• 3 protective walls• Caliph’s palace of

marble and stone• Market places

outside the walls• Population 1 million

FOUR SOCIAL CLASSES

• Upper class- Muslim at birth• Converts to Muslim

were second class• Protected people-

Jews and Christians were third class• Slaves were the

lowest class

ROLE OF WOMEN

• Qur’an says men are the mangers of women’s affairs• “righteous women

were obedient”• Men and women are

equal as believers• Muslim women had

more economic and property rights than Europeans

ROLE OF WOMEN

• Expected to submit to men• To divorce his wife

a man had to say ‘I dismiss thee” three times • Divorce final n

three months

ROLE OF WOMEN

• Responsibilities varied by income

• Wife of a poor man worked the fields

• Wealthier supervised servants

• Women had access to education

• Women raised then children

• Over time women became more isolated

MUSLIM SCHOLARSHIP EXTENDS KNOWLEDGE

• Rulers wanted qualified physicians to take care of them• Mathematicians

and astronomers to calculate times for prayer• Quest for truth

MUSLIM SCHOLARSHIP EXTENDS KNOWLEDGE

• Muhammad supported scholarship• Muslim leaders saved

the knowledge after the fall of Rome• Umayyads and

Abbisads collected and translated knowledge• House of Wisdom

ARTS AND SCIENCE FLOURISH

• Researchers, editors, linguists, and technical advisors• Developed standards

for research• Some used Greek

ideas in a new way• Would set the stage

for medieval learning

MUSLIM LITERATURE

• Qur’an is the standard of Arabic literature• Literature was

strong- stories of life in the desert.• Stories of India and

Persia• Stories from the 10

century

MUSLIM ART AND ARCHITECTURE

• Only Allah can create life images• Calligraphy- art of

beautiful handwriting• Decorative

woodwork, glass, ceramics, textiles • Building created a

cultural blending

MEDICAL ADVANCES

• Medicine, mathematics, astronomy• Relied on scientific

observation and experimentation• Muslims liked to

conduct experiments• Al-Razi- greatest

physician of the time wrote paper on small pox and clean air

MATH AND SCIENCE STRETCH HORIZONS

• Believe that math was the basis of all knowledge• Algebra- art of bringing

unknowns together• Ibn-al-Haytham- wrote

on book on how we see• Study on optics used

for telescopes and microscopes

PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION BLEND VIEWS

• Translated Greek works• Some tried to blend

Greek and Muslim• ‘The ideal man”• Morally perfect• East Persian• Arab in faith• Iraq education• Hebrew in business• Disciple of Christ in

conduct• Pious as a Greek monk

• Lasted for three empires• Ottoman• Safavid• Mughal• Muslim scholars

would be used at the beginning of the Renaissance