MEIOSIS & MENDELIAN GENETICS– CHAPTER Freshman Biology; Semester Two.
Chapter 10 Review Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics.
Transcript of Chapter 10 Review Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics.
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Chapter 10 Review
Meiosis and Mendelian Genetics
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Define: meiosis
A type of cell division that produces gametes; reduces
chromosome number by half
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Define: zygote
The cell produced when a male sperm and female egg fuse
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Define: haploid
A cell that contains one member of each chromosome pair
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Define: heredity
The passing of characteristics from parents to offspring
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Meiosis results in the formation of …
4 genetically different haploid cells
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The gamete that contains genes contributed only by the mother is
the … Egg
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The typical human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. How
many chromosomes would a typical human sperm cell have?
23
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What process is shown in this figure?
• Crossing over
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Consider the cell labeled X in Figure 10-9 containing 4 chromosomes. Which of the four cells below it represents a healthy gamete that could be
produced from this cell?
• A
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Which stage of meiosis is represented in this figure?
• Metaphase 1
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In this figure, which set of chromatids illustrates the result of a single crossover of
the homologous chromosomes?
• A
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Describe the events of anaphase II
Sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite sides of the
cell (poles)
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What is the role of the spindle fibers?
To move chromosomes in the cell
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The numbers in Figure 10-1 represent the chromosome number found in each of the dog
cells shown. The processes that are occurring at A and B are ____.
• a. mitosis and fertilization• b. mitosis and pollination• c. meiosis and fertilization• d. meiosis and pollination
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A useful device for predicting the possible offspring of crosses
between different genotypes is called a …
Punnett square
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A white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with
a brown mouse. The white mouse is most probably ____.
Homozygous recessive
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In chickens, rose comb (R) is dominant to single comb (r). A homozygous rose-combed rooster is mated with a single-combed hen. All of the
chicks in the F1 generation were kept together as a group for several years. They were allowed to mate only within their own group. What is the
expected phenotype of the F2 chicks?
75% rose comb & 25 % single comb
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In mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with a silver-blue mink and 8 offspring
are produced, how many would be expected to be silver-blue?
0
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What fraction of this cross will be recessive for both traits?
• 1/16
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A true-breeding tall pea plant is crossed with a true-breeding short pea plant, and all the offspring are tall. What is the most likely
genotype of the offspring assuming a single-gene trait?
Tt
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In mice, black is dominant to white color and color is determined by a single gene. Two black
mice are crossed. They produce 2 black offspring and one white offspring. If the white
offspring is crossed with one of its parents, what percent of the offspring are expected to be
white?
50
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A heterozygous organism is best described as which of these?
A. Hybrid B. PhenotypeC. True BreedD. Genotype
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In which situation are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected to follow the ratio of 9:3:3:1.
a. a monohybrid cross for 2 unlinked traitsb. a monohybrid cross for 2 closely linked
traitsc. a dihybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits
d. a dihybrid cross for 2 closely linked traits
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Which of the following describes an organism that has the
genotype Bb?
a. homozygousb. inbreedc. heterozygous d. all of these
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The statement: "In meiosis, the way in which a chromosome pair separates does not affect the
way other pairs separate," is another way of expressing Mendel's law of _____.
a. dominanceb. independent assortmentc. first filial generationsd. Punnett squares
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Genes located on homologous chromosomes may have alternate forms that control different
forms of a trait. These alternate forms of a gene are called _____.
a. allelesb. phenotypesc. centromeresd. gametes
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A dog's phenotype can be determined by _____.
a. looking at the dog's parentsb. examining the dog's chromosomesc. mating the dog and examining its
offspringd. looking at the dog