Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a...
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Transcript of Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a...
![Page 1: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 10 NotesStructure of DNA
![Page 2: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Structure of DNADNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides
Three parts of a Nucleotide are:
1. Deoxyribose sugar
2. Phosphate group
3. Nitrogen-containing base
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Nitrogen Containing Bases
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Base Pairing RulesAdenine pairs with Thymine (2 hydrogen bonds)
Guanine pairs with Cytosine (3 hydrogen bonds)
Chargaff’s Rule: The amount of adenine always equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals cytosine.
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The Double Helix
Double stranded, coiled like a spiral stair
The backbone of the strands are alternating phosphate and deoxyribose sugars
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Histones
DNA is tightly coiled around proteins called histones to make the long DNA molecule easier to manage.
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What are the three parts of a nucleotide?
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What Base Bonds to Adenine?
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What Base Bonds to Guanine?
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Assignment
Class work: DNA Book– cover page and page 1 (Due tomorrow)
Homework: PQRST pg. 200-203 (due Friday)
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![Page 12: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Purpose of DNA Replication
Why would DNA replicate?
When would DNA replication occur?
To make a copy of it’s DNA for the cell to divide.
Mitosis
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![Page 14: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Steps of DNA Replication
1. Helicase unzips and unwinds the DNA strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds
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Steps of DNA Replication
2. Enzymes called DNA Polymerase add complementary nucleotides.
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Steps of DNA Replication
3. Process continues until entire strand is copied
Result is two strands of DNA
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
1. First the DNA must unzip: Enzymes split apart the base pairs and unwind the DNA.
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
TT
2. Bases pair up: Free nucleotides in the cell find their complementary bases along the original strand.
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
T
A C
T
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
T A
C T
AT
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AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
T A
C T
A
T
C
G
![Page 24: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
AAT CC A AA G
A T T T T TGG C
T A
C T
A
T
C
G
A C A
TGT
T
G
![Page 25: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
AAT CC A AA G
A
A T T T T TGG C
T A
C T
A
T
C
G
A C A
TGTT
G
A
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AAT CC A AA G
A
A T T T T TGG C
T A
C T
A
T
C
G
A C A
TGTT
G
A
The DNA is now duplicated:
![Page 27: Chapter 10 Notes Structure of DNA. DNA is Made up repeating units of nucleotides Three parts of a Nucleotide are: 1. Deoxyribose sugar 2. Phosphate group.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022062518/56649e7d5503460f94b8023b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
End Result
Two identical molecules of DNA
They have one new and one old strand
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Mechanism of DNA Replication
DNA is said to be semiconservative since each new DNA molecule made has one parent strand and one daughter strand.
Can also be said: one old strand and one new strand
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Accuracy and RepairCopies must be 100% accurate
Mutation= change in nucleotide at one location
Enzymes proofread and fix errors
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Class work
Homework
DNA Replication worksheet1. Answer questions at the top2. Use page 201 to create a labeled drawing of DNA Replication with descriptions of each step
Page 2 of DNA Book (due Monday)PQRST (due tomorrow)