Chapter 10Chapter 10

Citation FormCitation Form

Citation = Case AddressCitation = Case Address

Basic State Citation FormBasic State Citation Form Long FormLong Form: : Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 342 Nev. 980, 456 P.2d 898 342 Nev. 980, 456 P.2d 898

(1998)(1998) State cases can have two addressesState cases can have two addresses

Official AddressOfficial Address (like a street address): (like a street address): ____ Official Publication ____ ____ Official Publication ____ VolumeVolume State Page State Page

Unofficial AddressUnofficial Address (like a post office box): (like a post office box): ____ Unofficial Publication ________ Unofficial Publication ____ VolumeVolume Region Page Region Page

Short FormShort Form: : Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 456 P.2d 898 (Nev. 1998)456 P.2d 898 (Nev. 1998) Unofficial Address onlyUnofficial Address only::

____ Unofficial Address _____ (State Year)____ Unofficial Address _____ (State Year) Volume RegionVolume Region Page Page

State Long Form Citation State Long Form Citation State Cases: Long FormState Cases: Long Form

TitleTitle: : Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones or or Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones Underline or italicizeUnderline or italicize

Official CiteOfficial Cite: (State) Reports: (State) Reports State abbreviations = old postal abbreviationsState abbreviations = old postal abbreviations

Supreme Court v. Appellate CourtSupreme Court v. Appellate Court:: Appellate courts are specified (Appellate courts are specified (e.g.,e.g., Tenn. Ct. App.) Tenn. Ct. App.) State Supreme Court decisions = state abbr.State Supreme Court decisions = state abbr.

((e.g.,e.g., Tex. = Texas Supreme Court decision) Tex. = Texas Supreme Court decision) Unofficial CiteUnofficial Cite: Regional Reporters: Regional Reporters

= parallel cite (= parallel cite (e.ge.g., 369 P.2d 419)., 369 P.2d 419) YearYear (case decided) (case decided)

Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 121 Kan. 288, 369 P.2d 413 (1979), 121 Kan. 288, 369 P.2d 413 (1979)

State Short Form CitationState Short Form Citation State Cases: Short FormState Cases: Short Form

Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 369 P.2d 418 (Kan. 1979), 369 P.2d 418 (Kan. 1979)

Title: Title: Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones Publication: Regional Reporter Publication: Regional Reporter Court: Identify court in parenthesis with yearCourt: Identify court in parenthesis with year

Consolidated Reports:Consolidated Reports:= Supreme Court and Appellate Court decisions= Supreme Court and Appellate Court decisions

S.C.: Smith v. JonesS.C.: Smith v. Jones, 283 N.M. 583, 628 P.2d 493 (1988), 283 N.M. 583, 628 P.2d 493 (1988) App.: Smith v. JonesApp.: Smith v. Jones, 283 N.M. 583, 628 P.2d 493 (N.M. Ct. , 283 N.M. 583, 628 P.2d 493 (N.M. Ct.

App. 1988)App. 1988) Note: Omission of App. generally indicates state supreme Note: Omission of App. generally indicates state supreme

courtcourt

Basic Federal CitationBasic Federal Citation

U.S. Supreme CourtU.S. Supreme CourtTitleTitle, ___ U.S. ___, ___ S.Ct. ___, ___ L.Ed. ___ , ___ U.S. ___, ___ S.Ct. ___, ___ L.Ed. ___

(Year)(Year)

U.S. Court of U.S. Court of AppealsAppeals

TitleTitle, ___ F.2d ___ (# Cir. Year), ___ F.2d ___ (# Cir. Year)

U.S. District CourtU.S. District Court Title, ___ Title, ___ F. SuppF. Supp. ___ . ___ (District Year)(District Year)

USSupreme

Court

US Circuit CourtCourt of Appeals

US District CourtTrial Court

Federal Case CitationFederal Case Citation

Federal Case PublicationsFederal Case Publications U.S. District CourtU.S. District Court = F. Supp. (e.g., Nev., = F. Supp. (e.g., Nev.,

E.D.N.J.)E.D.N.J.) Akers v. LewisAkers v. Lewis, 462 F. Supp. 531 (D. N.M. 1976), 462 F. Supp. 531 (D. N.M. 1976)

U.S. Circuit CourtU.S. Circuit Court = F. 2d (# Cir.) = F. 2d (# Cir.) Lewis v. AkersLewis v. Akers, 663 F.2d 261 (10, 663 F.2d 261 (10thth Cir. 1977) Cir. 1977)

U.S. Supreme CourtU.S. Supreme Court = = Akers v. LewisAkers v. Lewis, 516 U.S. 331, 694 S. Ct. 265, 112 L.Ed , 516 U.S. 331, 694 S. Ct. 265, 112 L.Ed

2d 871 (1978)2d 871 (1978) U.S. Reports (U.S.)U.S. Reports (U.S.) Supreme Court Reporter (S.Ct.)Supreme Court Reporter (S.Ct.) U.S. Supreme Court Reports, Lawyer’s Edition (L.Ed.)U.S. Supreme Court Reports, Lawyer’s Edition (L.Ed.)

Short FormShort Form: : Akers v. LewisAkers v. Lewis, 516 U.S. 331 (1978), 516 U.S. 331 (1978)

Other Federal Case CitationsOther Federal Case Citations

Bankruptcy ReporterBankruptcy Reporter: : Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 287 B.R. 423 (D. Colo. 1983), 287 B.R. 423 (D. Colo. 1983)

Federal Rules DecisionsFederal Rules Decisions: : Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 341 F.R.D. 938 (D. Neb. 1983), 341 F.R.D. 938 (D. Neb. 1983)

Military Justice ReporterMilitary Justice Reporter: : Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 125 M.J.R. 637 (D. Idaho 1983), 125 M.J.R. 637 (D. Idaho 1983)

Federal AppendixFederal Appendix: : Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 21 Fed. App. 583 (D. Colo. 1983) , 21 Fed. App. 583 (D. Colo. 1983)

Federal Statutory CitationFederal Statutory Citation

Federal StatutesFederal Statutes28 U.S.C. 28 U.S.C. §1204 (1984§1204 (1984))

U.S.C.U.S.C. United States Code (official)United States Code (official) U.S.C.A.U.S.C.A. United States Code AnnotatedUnited States Code Annotated U.S.C.S.U.S.C.S. United States Code ServiceUnited States Code Service

Unofficial:Unofficial: U.S.C.A. & U.S.C.S.U.S.C.A. & U.S.C.S. Provides research helps (case annotations, etc.)Provides research helps (case annotations, etc.) Practice Tip:Practice Tip: Don’t cite!!! Don’t cite!!!

State Statutory CitationsState Statutory Citations

State StatutesState Statutes Statutes are arranged Statutes are arranged TOPICALLYTOPICALLY

(Transportation, Evidence, Crimes)(Transportation, Evidence, Crimes)

Statutory CitationStatutory Citation:: C.R.S.C.R.S. §13-22-221(1)(a) (1999)§13-22-221(1)(a) (1999) Title/ChapterTitle/Chapter Section Number Section Number

(year)(year)

Citation Rules of ThumbCitation Rules of Thumb Cite all parallel citesCite all parallel cites

Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 240 Nev. 156, 240 Nev. 156, 130 P.2d 890130 P.2d 890 (1989) (1989) Cite the official publication firstCite the official publication first

Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 240 Nev. 156240 Nev. 156, 130 P.2d 890 (1989), 130 P.2d 890 (1989) Italicize (or underline) titleItalicize (or underline) title

Smith v. Jones OR Smith v. Jones OR Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones Indicate court in parenthesis, if necessaryIndicate court in parenthesis, if necessary

Jacks v. Morns, Jacks v. Morns, 526 P.2d 694 (526 P.2d 694 (Colo. AppColo. App. 1981). 1981) Cite the case in full the first time it is citedCite the case in full the first time it is cited

Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 240 Nev. 156, 130 P.2d 890 (1989)240 Nev. 156, 130 P.2d 890 (1989)

Citation Rules of ThumbCitation Rules of Thumb cont’dcont’d

Indicate pinpoint citations (quote)Indicate pinpoint citations (quote) Smith v. Jones, Smith v. Jones, 240 Nev. 156, 240 Nev. 156, 160160, 130 P.2d , 130 P.2d

890, 890, 893 893 (1989)(1989) Supra = Supra = aboveabove

Smith, Smith, suprasupra at 160at 160 IdId. = case cited immediately above. = case cited immediately above

Id.Id. At 160 At 160 Ibid. = Case immediately above at same pageIbid. = Case immediately above at same page

InfraInfra = below = below Smith, Smith, infrainfra at 160 at 160

Citation ExamplesCitation Examples U.S. Supreme Court Cases:U.S. Supreme Court Cases:

short form: short form: Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 119 U.S. 476 (1972), 119 U.S. 476 (1972) Long form: Long form: Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 119 U.S. 476, 355 S.Ct. 932, 412 , 119 U.S. 476, 355 S.Ct. 932, 412

L.Ed. 2d 828 (1972)L.Ed. 2d 828 (1972) U.S. Court of Appeals Cases:U.S. Court of Appeals Cases:

Jones v. SmithJones v. Smith, 365 F.2d 138 (4, 365 F.2d 138 (4thth Cir. 1971) Cir. 1971) U.S. District Court Cases:U.S. District Court Cases:

Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 289 F.Supp. 726 (D.Nev. 1970), 289 F.Supp. 726 (D.Nev. 1970) Federal Statutes (cite official):Federal Statutes (cite official):

26 U.S.C. 26 U.S.C. §1278 (1976)§1278 (1976) State Cases:State Cases:

short form: short form: Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 526 P.2d 694 (Colo. Ct. App. 1981), 526 P.2d 694 (Colo. Ct. App. 1981) long form: long form: Smith v. JonesSmith v. Jones, 245 Colo. App. 598, 526 P.2d 694 , 245 Colo. App. 598, 526 P.2d 694

(1981)(1981) State Statutes:State Statutes:

Colo. Rev. Stat. Colo. Rev. Stat. §19-22-302 (1984)§19-22-302 (1984)

In Class Citation ExercisesIn Class Citation Exercises State Cases:State Cases:

1. You have found a case decided by the Texas Supreme Court in 1988, 1. You have found a case decided by the Texas Supreme Court in 1988, page 578 and volume 798 of the official cite. The case is found on page page 578 and volume 798 of the official cite. The case is found on page 890 of volume 657 of the unofficial cite, second series. The case title is 890 of volume 657 of the unofficial cite, second series. The case title is Dean v. Stetson.Dean v. Stetson.

2. The case you wish to cite is Pickard v. Bartschi, decided in 2000. It is 2. The case you wish to cite is Pickard v. Bartschi, decided in 2000. It is from the Montana Supreme Court, on page 878 of volume 113 of the from the Montana Supreme Court, on page 878 of volume 113 of the official cite; it is found on page 122 in volume 345 of the unofficial official cite; it is found on page 122 in volume 345 of the unofficial publication, third series.publication, third series.

Federal Cases:Federal Cases: 1. Your case was decided by a U.S. District Court judge in Nevada. The 1. Your case was decided by a U.S. District Court judge in Nevada. The

case is titled Rian v. Hayden, decided in 1999, and found on page 567, case is titled Rian v. Hayden, decided in 1999, and found on page 567, volume 410.volume 410.

2. The title of the case is Scott v. Keith. It was decided in 2003 by the 2. The title of the case is Scott v. Keith. It was decided in 2003 by the U.S. Court of Appeals in the 9U.S. Court of Appeals in the 9thth Circuit. It is found in volume 345 on page Circuit. It is found in volume 345 on page 879, third series.879, third series.

3. The U.S. Supreme Court decided a case entitled Ring v. Stokes in 3. The U.S. Supreme Court decided a case entitled Ring v. Stokes in 1989. The official cite is volume 567, page 345; The Lawyer’s Co-op cite 1989. The official cite is volume 567, page 345; The Lawyer’s Co-op cite is page 48, volume 443, second series; the West publication is volume is page 48, volume 443, second series; the West publication is volume 890, page 765. The court accepted the case by Writ of Certiorari from 890, page 765. The court accepted the case by Writ of Certiorari from Maine.Maine.