Chapter 10 Bleeding
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Transcript of Chapter 10 Bleeding
Chapter 10Bleeding
Blood-average blood volume in an adult is 10-12 pints.
• Only 2.5 percent of people in NJ donate blood. We need more blood. Delicious snacks will be provided.
3 functions of blood
• 1. transports oxygen, nutrients and wastes
• 2. protects against disease by producing antibodies and defends against pathogens.
• 3. maintain body temperature
Components of Blood• Liquid part of blood-
plasma. Makes up half of total blood volume.
• Function of plasma-nutrients for energy, growth and cell maintenance, carries wastes and transports other blood components.
Solid components of blood
• Red blood cells-produced in marrow of bones.
• Function-transport oxygen from lungs to the body cells and carbon dioxide from the cells to the lungs.
White blood cells
• Function-disease fighting part of the immune system.
• Aid in producing antibodies that help body fight infection.
Platelets
• Disk-shaped fragments that are made up of cell fragments.
• Function-main component for clotting because they bind together.
3 Major types of blood vessels
• Arteries• Carotid• Brachial• Radial• Femoral• Dorsalis pedis
• Veins
• Capillaries
Link arteries and veins-Teeny tiny!
Function-transfer oxygen and other nutrients from the blood into the cells.
Pick up waste products from cells and move them to veins.
Capillaries
Arteries
• Carry blood away from heart
• Travels faster and under pressure-”pumps”
• Bright red blood.
Veins
• Carry blood to heart
• Carry waste products from the cells
• Bleeding flows steadily without spurting, easier to control.
• Dark red or maroon in color
Capillaries
• Most common type of bleeding
• Easy to control
• Oozes from the wound
• Paler red in color than arterial bleeding
External bleeding• Occurs when a blood vessel is opened by
tearing the skin.
• Treatment-check scene and victim, ask permission, call 911(if needed), put on gloves, apply direct pressure with a sterile bandage, elevate extremity, compress main artery if necessary. Apply extra bandages ON TOP OF EXISTING BANDAGE.
Internal bleeding• Escape of blood from veins, arteries or
capillaries.• Signs and Symptoms-swelling, rigidity,
anxiety, weak and rapid pulse, rapid breathing or shortness of breath, skin that is cool, pale, bluish or ashen.
• Bruising by the injured area.• Nausea/vomiting• Abdominal pain• Excessive thirst
Care for internal bleeding
• If severe-call 911 keep comfortable
• Monitor breathing
• Keep victim from getting chilled or overheated.
• Reassure victim
• Try to reduce swelling with ice
Avulsion
•Skin partially torn away from the body.
Amputation
•Skin completely severed from body
Treatment*Wrap in a dressing
• Put body part in plastic bag and put on ice.
• Transport victim and body part to hospital.
Occlusive bandage• a dressing that
prevents air from reaching a wound and that retains moisture, heat, body fluids. It may consist of a sheet of thin plastic affixed with transparent tape.
After applying a bandage• Keep checking below the
bandage site to make sure your bandage did not restrict circulation.
• Check for FEELING, WARMTH AND COLOR.
• Elastic bandages can restrict blood flow if not put on properly