Chapter 1 Lessons 1 & 2 Describing and Classifying Matteras253.k12.sd.us/8th Homework Documents/Ch....
Transcript of Chapter 1 Lessons 1 & 2 Describing and Classifying Matteras253.k12.sd.us/8th Homework Documents/Ch....
Chapter 1 Lessons 1 & 2 Describing and
Classifying Matter
Ms. Schreurs
8th Grade Earth Science
Introduction to Chemistry
My Planet Diary
Art Conservation Scientist
Page 4
What Properties Describe Matter?
• Matter= _______________________ ________________________ – Matter can be: hot, cold, liquid, solid, gas,
etc.
• Chemistry= the study of matter and how matter changes
Substances • _______________= a single kind of
matter that is pure, meaning it always has a specific makeup or composition – Example: table salt, water
– No matter where a substance comes from it is always the _____________________
Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter
• Every form of matter has 2 kinds of properties: 1. ___________________=
characteristic that can be observed without changing it into another substance
2. ___________________= characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Page 6-7
My Planet Diary
Smaller Than Small
Page 8
What is Matter Made Of? • All matter in the universe is made of
more than 100 different substances called elements
• Element= a substance that _________ be broken down into any other substances by chemical or physical means
Atoms
• Atom= ________________________ ________________________ – Elements have different properties
because their atoms are different
Molecules • Chemical bond= occurs when atoms
combine, a force of attraction between ______________
• ___________= a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds – Example: Water molecule is made up of one
oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms
Compounds
• Compound= a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined in a set ratio
• Chemical Formula= _______________ ______________________________
+ =
Chemical Formula
• __________________= CO2
– The 2 below the O tells you that the ratio of carbon atoms to oxygen atoms is 1 to 2
• When elements chemically combine they form compounds with properties different from those of elements
Figure 2 Page 11
What Are Two Types of Mixtures
• _______= made of two or more substances that are together in the same place, but their atoms are not chemically bonded – Each substance in a
mixture keeps its own properties
– Example: Sand
#1. Heterogeneous Mixtures
• Heterogeneous mixture= you can see the different parts and they can easily be ___________________ – Example: a salad
#2. Homogeneous Mixtures
• Homogenous Mixtures= substances are evenly mixed and you can’t see the different parts – ____________________
– Example: Air
• Separating Mixtures- Figure 4 Page 13