Chapter 1 Ethical Hacking Overview. Who Am I? Kevin Riley Systems / Network Analyst Orange Coast...
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Transcript of Chapter 1 Ethical Hacking Overview. Who Am I? Kevin Riley Systems / Network Analyst Orange Coast...
Who Am I?
Kevin Riley Systems / Network Analyst
Orange Coast College Email
[email protected] Phone
714.432.5949 Office Hours
Tues / Thurs 3 – 5 pm OCC IT Bldg 156 Rm 116eHave Fun Finding it!
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Second Edition
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Syllubus
http://myehclass.blogspot.com/p/eh-syllabus.html
Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Second Edition
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Objectives
After reading this chapter and completing the exercises, you will be able to:Describe the role of an ethical hackerDescribe what you can do legally as an
ethical hackerDescribe what you can’t do as an
ethical hacker
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Introduction to Ethical Hacking
Ethical hackersHired by companies to perform
penetration tests Penetration test
Attempt to break into a company’s network to find the weakest link
Security testMore than a break in attempt; includes
analyzing company’s security policy and procedures
Vulnerabilities are reported Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense,
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The Role of Security and Penetration Testers Hackers
Access computer system or network without authorization○ Breaks the law; can go to prison
CrackersBreak into systems to steal or destroy data
○ U.S. Department of Justice calls both hackers Ethical hacker
Performs most of the same activities with owner’s permission
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The Role of Security and Penetration Testers (cont’d.)
Script kiddies or packet monkeysYounger, inexperienced hackers who copy
codes from knowledgeable hackers Programming languages used by
experienced penetration testersPractical Extraction and Report Language
(Perl)C language
ScriptSet of instructions Runs in sequence to perform tasks
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The Role of Security and Penetration Testers (cont’d.)
Tiger boxCollection of toolsUsed for conducting vulnerability
assessments and attacks
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Penetration-Testing Methodologies White box model
Tester is told about network topology and technology
Tester is permitted to interview IT personnel and company employees○ Makes tester’s job a little easier
Black box modelStaff does not know about the testTester is not given details about technologies
used○ Burden is on tester to find details
Tests security personnel’s ability to detect an attack
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Penetration-Testing Methodologies (cont’d.) Gray box model
Hybrid of the white and black box models
Company gives tester partial information (e.g., OSs are used, but no network diagrams)
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Certification Programs for Network Security Personnel
Certification programs Available in almost every area of
network security Minimum certification
CompTIA Security+ or equivalent knowledge○ Prerequisite for Security+ certification
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Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)
Developed by the International Council of Electronic Commerce Consultants (EC-Council)Based on 22 domains (subject areas)Web site: www.eccouncil.org
Red teamConducts penetration testsComposed of people with varied skillsUnlikely that one person will perform
all testsHands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense,
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OSSTMM Professional Security Tester (OPST) Open Source Security Testing
Methodology Manual (OSSTMM) Professional Security TesterDesignated by the Institute for Security and
Open Methodologies (ISECOM)Based on Open Source Security Testing
Methodology Manual (OSSTMM)○ Written by Peter Herzog
Five main topics (i.e., professional, enumeration, assessments, application, and verification)
Web site: www.isecom.orgHands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense,
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Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)
Issued by the International Information Systems Security Certification Consortium (ISC2)Not geared toward technical IT
professionalsTests security-related managerial skills
○ Usually more concerned with policies and procedures
Consists of ten domainsWeb site: www.isc2.org
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SANS Institute SysAdmin, Audit, Network, Security
(SANS) InstituteOffers training and certifications through
Global Information Assurance Certification (GIAC)
Top 20 listOne of the most popular SANS Institute
documentsDetails most common network exploitsSuggests ways of correcting vulnerabilitiesWeb site: www.sans.org
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Which Certification Is Best?
Penetration testers and security testers Both need technical skills to perform
duties effectively○ Good understanding of networks ○ Role of management in an organization○ Skills in writing and verbal communication○ Desire to continue learning
Danger of certification exams Some participants simply memorize
terminology○ Don’t have a good grasp of subject matter
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What You Can Do Legally
Laws involving technology change as rapidly as technology itselfKeep abreast of what’s happening in
your area○ Find out what is legal for you locally
Be aware of what is allowed and what you should not or cannot do○ Laws vary from state to state and
country to country
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Laws of the Land
Some hacking tools on your computer might be illegal Contact local law enforcement
agencies before installing hacking tools Laws are written to protect society
Written words are open to interpretation
Government is getting more serious about cybercrime punishment
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Table 1-1 An overview of recent hacking cases
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Table 1-1 An overview of recent hacking cases (cont’d.)
Is Port Scanning Legal?
Some states deem it legalNot always the caseBe prudent before using penetration-
testing tools Federal government does not see it
as a violationAllows each state to address it separately
○ Research state laws Read your ISP’s “Acceptable Use
Policy”Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense,
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Figure 1-2 An example of an acceptable use policy
Is Port Scanning Legal? (cont’d.)
IRC “bot”Program that sends automatic
responses to usersGives the appearance of a person
being present
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Federal Laws
Federal computer crime laws are getting more specificCybercrimes Intellectual property issues
Computer hacking and intellectual property (CHIP)New government branch to address
computer hacking and intellectual property crimes
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Hands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense, Second Edition
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Table 1-2 Federal computer crime laws
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Table 1-2 Federal computer crime laws (cont’d.)
What You Cannot Do Legally
Illegal actions:Accessing a computer without
permissionDestroying data without permissionCopying information without
permissionInstalling worms or virusesDenying users access to network
resources Be careful your actions do not
prevent client’s employees from doing their jobs
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Get It in Writing Using a contract is good business
May be useful in court Books on working as an independent
contractorThe Computer Consultant’s Guide by Janet RuhlGetting Started in Computer Consulting by
Peter Meyer Internet can also be a helpful resource
Free modifiable templates Have an attorney read your contract
before signing
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Ethical Hacking in a Nutshell
Skills needed to be a security testerKnowledge of network and computer
technologyAbility to communicate with
management and IT personnelAn understanding of the laws in your
locationAbility to use necessary tools
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Summary
Companies hire ethical hackers to perform penetration testsPenetration tests discover
vulnerabilities in a networkSecurity tests are performed by a team
of people with varied skills Penetration test models
White box modelBlack box modelGray box model
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Summary (cont’d.)
Security testers can earn certificationsCEHCISSPOPST
Be aware What you are legally allowed or not
allowed to do ISPs may have an acceptable use
policyMay limit ability to use tools
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Summary (cont’d.) Laws should be understood before
conducting a security testFederal lawsState laws
Get it in writingUse a contractHave an attorney read the contract
Understand tools available to conduct security testsLearning how to use them should be a
focused and methodical processHands-On Ethical Hacking and Network Defense,
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