Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Section 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of...
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Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Section 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of elements
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Transcript of Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table Section 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of...
Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the
Periodic Table
Chapter 1: Atomic Structure and the
Periodic TableSection 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of elementsSection 1.1: Atoms are the smallest form of elements
All matter is made of atomsAll matter is made of atoms
Are all substances we touch the same?– Example: A book is made of a different _________
then air. First it was thought everything was made of:
– Air, ______, fire, and earth Today chemists know about ____ basic
substances, or _________, account for everything we see or touch.
Element is related to the word “elementary” which means “______”
Are all substances we touch the same?– Example: A book is made of a different _________
then air. First it was thought everything was made of:
– Air, ______, fire, and earth Today chemists know about ____ basic
substances, or _________, account for everything we see or touch.
Element is related to the word “elementary” which means “______”
Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things
Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things
EARTH'S CRUST
Oxygen47%
Silicon28%
Iron5%
Aluminum8%
Other12%
Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things
Types of Atoms in Earth’s Crust and Living Things
HUMANS
Oxygen61%
Carbon23%
Hydrogen10%
Nitrogen3%
Other3%
Names and Symbols of ElementsNames and Symbols of Elements
Where do these names come from?– People, ______, and Greek words
Symbols– First Letter of Its Name
Hydrogen ___ Sulfur ___ Carbon ___
– First Letter Plus One More Letter Aluminum ____ Platinum ____ Zinc ____
Where do these names come from?– People, ______, and Greek words
Symbols– First Letter of Its Name
Hydrogen ___ Sulfur ___ Carbon ___
– First Letter Plus One More Letter Aluminum ____ Platinum ____ Zinc ____
Names and Symbols of Elements (cont.)
Names and Symbols of Elements (cont.)
Some symbol names are less obvious.– Symbols from Latin Name
Gold ____ Lead ____ Iron ____ Copper ____
Some symbol names are less obvious.– Symbols from Latin Name
Gold ____ Lead ____ Iron ____ Copper ____
Each Element is Made of Different Atoms
Each Element is Made of Different Atoms
Dalton was the first to propose that each ________ is made of tiny particles called ______.
Atoms are made of even smaller particles– ________– ________– ________
Dalton was the first to propose that each ________ is made of tiny particles called ______.
Atoms are made of even smaller particles– ________– ________– ________
The Atomic ModelThe Atomic Model
___________
_______________
__________ ________
The Structure of an AtomThe Structure of an Atom
Proton– A __________ charged particle located in an atom’s nucleus.
Neutron– A particle that has __________ charge and is located in an atom’s nucleus.
Nucleus– The central region of an atom where most of the atom’s mass is found in
________________.
**THE ___________ HAS AN OVERALL POSITIVE CHARGE**
Proton– A __________ charged particle located in an atom’s nucleus.
Neutron– A particle that has __________ charge and is located in an atom’s nucleus.
Nucleus– The central region of an atom where most of the atom’s mass is found in
________________.
**THE ___________ HAS AN OVERALL POSITIVE CHARGE**
The Structure of an AtomThe Structure of an Atom
Electron – A ___________ charged particle located outside an
atom’s nucleus.– An electron is about ______ times smaller than either a
proton or neutron. **The ______________ has a negative charge**
Neutral atoms have no electrical charge because they have the ______ number of _______ as _________.
Electron – A ___________ charged particle located outside an
atom’s nucleus.– An electron is about ______ times smaller than either a
proton or neutron. **The ______________ has a negative charge**
Neutral atoms have no electrical charge because they have the ______ number of _______ as _________.
Atomic NumberAtomic Number
The number of _______ in the nucleus of an atom.
This determines the ______ of an atom. Ex. Every hydrogen atom has an
_______________ of 1, it has exactly one proton in its nucleus.
The number of _______ in the nucleus of an atom.
This determines the ______ of an atom. Ex. Every hydrogen atom has an
_______________ of 1, it has exactly one proton in its nucleus.
Atomic Mass NumberAtomic Mass Number
The total number of _______ and ________ in an atom’s nucleus.
Atoms of a certain element always have the same number of ______, but may not always have the same number of ________.
So, not all atoms of an ________ have the same atomic mass number.
What are these atoms called????
The total number of _______ and ________ in an atom’s nucleus.
Atoms of a certain element always have the same number of ______, but may not always have the same number of ________.
So, not all atoms of an ________ have the same atomic mass number.
What are these atoms called????
IsotopesIsotopes
Atoms of the same element that have a _________ number of ________.
Ex. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons. However, some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons, while other chlorine atoms have 20 neutrons.
Some elements have many ________, while others just have a ____.
Atoms of the same element that have a _________ number of ________.
Ex. All chlorine atoms have 17 protons. However, some chlorine atoms have 18 neutrons, while other chlorine atoms have 20 neutrons.
Some elements have many ________, while others just have a ____.
Atoms Form IonsAtoms Form Ions
An ____ is formed when an atom ______ or ______ one or more ________.
The number of ________ in an ion is _________ from the number of ________.
An ion ____ have an overall electric charge.
An ____ is formed when an atom ______ or ______ one or more ________.
The number of ________ in an ion is _________ from the number of ________.
An ion ____ have an overall electric charge.
Formation of a Positive IonFormation of a Positive Ion
A ______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron.
A positive ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has ______ electrons.
Positive ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised ____ sign to indicate a positive _______.
– Ex.
A ______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron.
A positive ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has ______ electrons.
Positive ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised ____ sign to indicate a positive _______.
– Ex.
Formation of a Negative IonFormation of a Negative Ion
A _______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron.
A negative ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has _____ electrons.
Negative ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised _____ sign to indicate a ________ charge.– Ex.
A _______ ion is formed when an atom ______ an electron.
A negative ion is ______ than the atom that formed it because it has _____ electrons.
Negative ions are represented by the symbol for the element with a raised _____ sign to indicate a ________ charge.– Ex.
