Chapter 1: Animal Agriculture Chapter overview: –Chapter 1 reviews the history and development of...
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Transcript of Chapter 1: Animal Agriculture Chapter overview: –Chapter 1 reviews the history and development of...
Chapter 1: Animal Agriculture
• Chapter overview:– Chapter 1 reviews the history and development
of animal agriculture, including:• domestication of animals
• history of agricultural education and research
• animal agriculture and the world economy
Domestication of Animals:
Species: Years domesticated: Original purpose:
Dog 12,000 companion
Goat 8,500 food, clothing
Pig 8,000 food
Sheep 6,000 food, clothing
Cattle 6,000 religion
Chicken 5,000 sport, religion
Horse 4,000 transportation
History of Agricultural Education:
• Morrill Act - 1862– Provide a portion of federal land in each state to
establish a college• Land-Grant College Act - 1862
– Established the “agricultural college” concept• Hatch Act – 1887
– Established research funding for Land-Grant colleges• Smith-Lever Act – 1914
– Financed the county agent extension system to get research information to the people
Sources of Agricultural Information:
• Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)– Established by the United Nations in 1945– Collects, evaluates, and disseminates
information on world trends in food and population
• Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST)– Formed in 1972 to identify food-related issues
and interpret related scientific research
World Livestock and Poultry:billions of animals:
Chickens: 14.1
Cattle and buffalo: 1.5
Sheep: 1.1
Pigs: 0.9
Ducks: 0.8
Goats: 0.7
Horses and mules: 0.08
Food Production in the USA:
billions of poundsproduced, 2000:
Milk: 168.0Broilers: 30.8Beef: 25.4Pork: 18.6Turkeys: 5.3Eggs: 4.7
Class Discussion: Concerns for
Animal Production:
• Can the earth’s land and water produce enough food for the growing population?
• Should we feed animals as intermediaries in the food chain?
• Why do humans “prefer” animal products in their diet?
Conditions Favoring Animal Production:
• Food requirements of an expanding population
• Nutrient concentration and quality of animal foods
• Need for animals as a source of power in developing nations
• Role of animals in soil fertility and conservation
Conditions Favoring Animal Production (continued):
• Flexibility of animals in converting feed to food
• Economic, social, and institutional forces that favor animal husbandry and animal products
• Need for animals for mental health and personal satisfaction