Chapter 1 Africa Chapter 1 Africa Landforms and Landforms and

GeographyGeographySection 1 Land and WaterSection 1 Land and Water

I. Africa’s Regions and I. Africa’s Regions and LandformsLandforms

Africa is broken up into more than 50 Africa is broken up into more than 50 countries and 4 major regionscountries and 4 major regions

North, West, East and North, West, East and Central/Southern AfricaCentral/Southern Africa

A. Four RegionsA. Four Regions

The North is marked by large Rocky The North is marked by large Rocky Mountains and one of the largest deserts Mountains and one of the largest deserts in the world the Saharain the world the Sahara

West Africa is mostly grassland and is the West Africa is mostly grassland and is the most populated area of Africa here most populated area of Africa here farming is the main way of lifefarming is the main way of life

East Africa is mostly plateaus and East Africa is mostly plateaus and MountainsMountains

Central and Southern Africa is filled with Central and Southern Africa is filled with Swamps, rain forests, and large desertsSwamps, rain forests, and large deserts

B. Plateau ContinentB. Plateau Continent

Africa is called the plateau continent Africa is called the plateau continent since much of its land is raised flat since much of its land is raised flat lands often covered with deserts and lands often covered with deserts and rain forests that lead up to rain forests that lead up to mountainsmountains

The highest mountain is Kilimanjaro The highest mountain is Kilimanjaro in Tanzania in Tanzania

C. Coastal Plains Edge the C. Coastal Plains Edge the ContinentContinent

There is a strip of coastal plains that There is a strip of coastal plains that edge the Continent, this area is edge the Continent, this area is mostly dry and sandy but at times mostly dry and sandy but at times turns to swamp turns to swamp

D. Great Rift ValleyD. Great Rift Valley

This valley is formed at the bottom of This valley is formed at the bottom of Mount Kilimanjaro, it acts a huge Mount Kilimanjaro, it acts a huge trench and stretches nearly 4,000 trench and stretches nearly 4,000 miles miles

II. Africa’s riversII. Africa’s rivers

Four large rivers carry water from Four large rivers carry water from the mountains to the seathe mountains to the sea

The Nile, the Congo, the Zambezi, The Nile, the Congo, the Zambezi, and the Niger(ny-jur) riversand the Niger(ny-jur) rivers

A. The Nile in AfricaA. The Nile in Africa

The Nile is the longest river in the The Nile is the longest river in the world and is over 4000 miles longworld and is over 4000 miles long

Just like Egypt the Nile in Africa also Just like Egypt the Nile in Africa also is filled with rapids (remember we is filled with rapids (remember we called these cataracts) and it has called these cataracts) and it has many tributariesmany tributaries

B. Farming Along the NileB. Farming Along the Nile

Like in Egypt farming is great near Like in Egypt farming is great near the Nile river, and again the annual the Nile river, and again the annual flooding causes what??? To help flooding causes what??? To help fertilize the land around the river???fertilize the land around the river???

They also use the powerful flow of They also use the powerful flow of the Nile to build dams which can the Nile to build dams which can allow for the creation of electricityallow for the creation of electricity

C. The Congo riverC. The Congo river

The Congo flows through the Rain The Congo flows through the Rain Forests of central AfricaForests of central Africa

The Congo is also a great area for The Congo is also a great area for farming but also fishing farming but also fishing (tiger fish)(tiger fish)

The Zambezi riverThe Zambezi river

This river is the shortest in Africa at 2200 miles This river is the shortest in Africa at 2200 miles but can be one of the hardest to travel with only but can be one of the hardest to travel with only 460 miles that can be maneuvered by boat 460 miles that can be maneuvered by boat because of its rapids and waterfallsbecause of its rapids and waterfalls

This river leads us to one of the 7 wonders of the This river leads us to one of the 7 wonders of the world in Victoria Fallsworld in Victoria Falls