PEOPLE OF THE STONE AGEChapter 1

I. GETTING FOOD

A. Most of the earliest people united in clans. groups of related famalies brought

together for a common purpose. 1. Members of a clan cooperated to meet

their basic needs for food, clothing, and shelter.

2. Experience taught them which plants and animals could be eaten without unwanted consequences – an effect.

GETTING FOOD

4. Clans had no permanent year round settlements set up seasonal camps in caves or rock

shelters set up where animals could be hunted

3. Clans hunted large animals for: a. food b. bones for tools c. hides for clothing and shelter

http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/behavior/tools

GETTING FOOD

5. Because of their migration - movement from one place to the next clans found enough to eat

II. SPREADING THROUGH THE WORLD A. As clans grew in numbers they had

to roam farther to find food.

B. This migration helped clans to locate throughout the world

II. SPREADING THROUGH THE WORLD C. 25,000 years ago early humans

reached Siberia. 1. During the Ice Age – a long cold winter

period when huge ice sheets covered 1/3 of the Earths surface

II. SPREADING THROUGH THE WORLD

2. These ice sheets wore down the land into huge areas of tundra. – large treeless plains in the Artic region.

3. There were few caves and rock shelters in the Tundra. A. huts were made of layers of soil with

grass growing on it.

III. EARLY CULTURES AND SOCIETIES

A. Culture – is a unique way of life that sets a group apart from others.

B. Artifacts – clothing, shelter and objects early people made.1. art, beliefs, customs, and language

C. Society – is an organized group of people living and working under an established set of rules and traditions.

III. EARLY CULTURES AND SOCIETIESD. As clans grew in size

their society changed.1. in larger clans 50-100 members of a division of labor began. – different members did different tasks based on their abilities and the clans needs.2. Each person took on a role – a part he or she played to help their society

IV. CONTROLLING NATURE

A. People learned to domesticate – control nature for peoples uses. Both plant and animals. 1. The dog was probably

the first domesticated animal.

B. People also began to grow more crops which meant they began to stay in one place.

IV. CONTROLLING NATURE

C. Early farming societies built year round shelters. 1.these societies economy –

the way people use resources to meet their needs became based on their crops.

2. people became more dependant on raising livestock such as: cattle, sheep and pigs.

IV. CONTROLLING NATURE

3. many people with livestock were nomads – moved from place to place for their livestock to find food and water.

V. EFFECTS OF CHANGE

A. Agriculture – the raising of domesticated plants and animals. 1. agriculture provided a

reliable food source 2. made food more

available 3. there were deaths due to

wars A. people fought to protect

their farms.

V. EFFECTS OF CHANGE

4. ways in which farmers practiced agriculture had consequences for the environment – their surroundings

a. they cleared the land by

Cutting down trees Burning wild plants This was know as

“Slash and Burn”

V. EFFECTS OF CHANGE

5. plants that were later domesticated included: squash, gourds, guavas, and maize – corn

6. agriculture provided another way for people to subsist – survive.