Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing
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Transcript of Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing
![Page 1: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 4
OrthographicWriting
![Page 2: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Suggestions on a view selection
Contents
Orthographic writing
Primary auxiliary view
Alignment of views(Projection systems)
Basic dimensioning
Overall steps
Additional examples on a view selection
![Page 3: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Orthographicwriting
Contents
![Page 4: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Overall steps
1. Select the necessary views
2. Layout the selected views on a drawing sheet.
3. Complete each selected views.
4. Complete the dimensions and notes.
45
152
152
64
25~40
Front
Top
Choose a drawing scale(say 1:1)
Front
Top
yy
xx
x x
y
y
z
![Page 5: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
View selection procedures
1. Orient the object to the best position relative to
a glass box.
2. Select the front view.
3. Select adjacent views.
![Page 6: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Suggestions : Orient the object
1. The object should be placed in its natural position.
NO !
2. The orthographic views should represent the true size
and true shape of an object (as much as possible).
GOOD
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Suggestions : Select the front view
1. The longest dimension of an object should be presented
as a width (in a front view).
InappropriateFirst choice GoodSecond choice
Use more space
![Page 8: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Inappropriate
2. The adjacent views project from the selected front view
should be appeared in a natural position.
Suggestions : Select the front view
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3. It has the fewest number of hidden lines.
Good Inappropriate
Suggestions : Select the front view
![Page 10: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Suggestions : Select an adjacent view
Inappropriate
Inappropriate
1. Choose the view that has the fewest number of hidden lines.
![Page 11: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
2. Choose the minimum number of views that can represent the major features of the object.
Necessary
Necessary
Hole’s information is placed on a separated view.
Suggestions : Select an adjacent view
All information is placedon a single view.
![Page 12: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
3. Choose the views that are suitable to a drawing sheet.
Good
Suggestions : Select an adjacent view
Poor
Not enough spacefor dimensioning.
GoodChoose another adjacent view. Change orientation of theselected views.
![Page 13: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Summary
View selection has 3 steps
In practice, drafter should consider all recommendations
simultaneously before start to draw.
Orientthe object
Selectfront view
Selectadjacent view
![Page 14: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Additional examples on a view selection
Contents
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Notes
Generally, three views orthographic drawing
is selected to describes an object’s information.
In some specific case, a necessary view may be less
or more than three views.
Later chapter
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Object that requires only one-viewFlat (thin) part having a uniform thickness such as a gasket, sheet metal etc.
Adjacent views provide only a
part’s thickness !
1 Thick
Cylindrical-shaped part.
Example
![Page 17: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Repeat !
Infer from CL
Object that requires only one-view
Example Example
Flat (thin) part having a uniform thickness such as a gasket, sheet metal etc.
Cylindrical-shaped part.
![Page 18: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Identical adjacent view exists.
Repeat !
Object that requires only two-view
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
(provides no additional information)
Example
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Object that requires only two-viewIdentical view exists.
Example 1
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
(provides no additional information)
![Page 20: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Object that requires only two-viewIdentical view exists.
Example 2
The 3rd view has no significant contours of the object.
(provides no additional information)
![Page 21: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Class activity : View selection
2
1
3
4
6
5
Select a necessary view ?
View 1
View 2
View 3
View 4
View 5
View 6
CheckReset
![Page 22: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Class activity : View selection
Select a necessary view ?
2
1
3
4
6
5
View 1
View 2
View 3
View 4
View 5
View 6
CheckReset
![Page 23: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Class activity : View selection
2
1
3
4
6
5
Select a necessary view ?
View 1
View 2
View 3
View 4
View 5
View 6
CheckReset
![Page 24: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Alignmentof views
Contents
![Page 25: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Projection systems
1. First angle system
2. Third angle system
Firstquadrant
Thirdquadrant
- European countries
- ISO standard
- Canada, USA,
Japan, ThailandTransparent
planesOpaqueplanes
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1st angle system(Opaque planes)
3rd angle system(transparent planes/glass box)
Orthographic views
![Page 27: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Foldingline
Foldingline
Foldingline
Foldingline
1st angle system 3rd angle system
Orthographic views
![Page 28: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1st angle system 3rd angle system
Front View Front ViewRight Side View Right Side View
Top View
Top View
Views arrangement
![Page 29: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Projection symbols1st angle system 3rd angle system
d 1.7d
2.2d
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Basicdimensioning
Contents
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1. Extension lines
2. Dimension lines
3. Leader lines
4. Dimension numbers
5. Local notes
Dimensioning components
10 27
43
10 Drill, 2 HolesR16
17
![Page 32: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Primaryauxiliary view
Contents
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Necessity
Auxiliary view is needed when it is desirable to show the
true size and shape of a surface that is not parallel to
anyone of the principal planes of projection.
True size can not be observedfrom these principal views.
![Page 34: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Use of auxiliary view
In practice, an auxiliary view is usually a partial view
showing only the desired information.
Example
d
d
d
d
Complete view Partial view
![Page 35: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Types of an auxiliary view
Primary auxiliary views may be classified into 3 types
by their relative to the principal views.
1. Adjacent to front view
2. Adjacent to top view
3. Adjacent to side view
![Page 36: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Width & Height&
True lengthof edge view
Width&
Depth
Height&
Depth
Auxiliary view adjacent to front view
Glass box and revolution View arrangement
True sizeof an inclined plane
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Example 1
Do you remember?Depth dimension of the auxiliary viewcan be read from top view or side view.
Auxiliaryplane
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Hidden lines of the holesare omitted for clarity.
Start
Referenceline
AC
D B
Preferdistance
A
B
C
D
Example 2
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Width&
Height
Height&
Depth
Auxiliary view adjacent to top view
Glass box and revolution
Width & Depth&
True lengthof edge view
True sizeof an inclined plane
View arrangement
![Page 40: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Width&
Height
Auxiliary view adjacent to side view
Glass box and revolution
Width&
Depth
True sizeof an
inclined plane
View arrangement
Height & Depth&
True lengthof edge view
![Page 41: Chapter 04 Orthographic Writing](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081501/55cf98eb550346d0339a7170/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Example
Referenceline
Start
Preferdistance
A
B
C
A
B
C