Chapt2E English checked - JICAopen_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11707551_02.pdfMachinery Planning Mr....

Appendices

A - 1

Appendix 1 Member List of the Study Team

(1) Field Survey

Team Leader Mr. Hidenori Kumagaya Deputy Resident Representative, JICA JordanOffice

Project Coordinator Mr. Shigeki Miyake First Project Management Division, Grant AidManagement Department, JICA

Chief Engineer / WaterSupply Planning Mr. Kazufumi Momose Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.

Operation and Maintenance Mr. Hiromasa Minakami Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Pipeline Planning Mr. Takashi Moriguchi Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Facility Planning 1 Mr. Hirotaka Sato Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Facility Planning 2 Mr. Kenichi Takeshita Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Machinery Planning Mr. Arata Yamaguchi Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.Cost Estimation /Procurement Planning Mr. Judo Hagiwara Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.

(2) Additional Field Survey

Route Survey 1 Mr. Kazufumi Momose Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Route Survey 2 Mr. Tadao Funamoto Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.Soil Survey Mr. Judo Hagiwara Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.

(3) Explanation of Draft Final Report

Team Leader Mr. Mitsuo Inagaki Resident Representative, JICA Jordan Office

Project Coordinator Mr. Hidetoshi Aoki First Project Management Division, Grant AidManagement Department, JICA

Chief Engineer / WaterSupply Planning Mr. Kazufumi Momose Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.

Operation and Maintenance Mr. Hiromasa Minakami Tokyo Engineering Consultants Co., Ltd.

A - 3

Appendix 2 Study Schedule

(1) Field Survey

ItineraryJICA Officers Consultant

　 DateMr. Kumagai, Mr.

Miyake Mr. Momose, Mr. Minakami Mr. Yamaguchi, Mr.Hagiwara

Mr. Moriguchi, Mr. Sato,Mr Takeshita

Stay

1 25-Nov Sun Leave Japan 　 In flight

2 26 Mon Arrival to Amman, Courtesy call: EOJ, JICA,MWI, Ministry of Planning Mr. Moriguchi joined, Preparation of sub-contractor Amman

3 27 Tue Courtesy call and meeting : JVA, WAJ, ZarqaBranch Meeting with sub-contractor, site survey Amman

4 28 Wed Inception Report, M/D Discussion, Visit to PMU Site Survey Amman5 29 Thu M/D Signature, Site Survey Site Survey Amman6 30 Fri Team Meeting 　 Amman7 1-Dec Sat Team Meeting, sub-contractor Meegint, Mr. Momose leave Jordan Mr. Takeshita leave Japan Amman8 2 Sun Interim Report to JICA, EOJ Mr. Takeshita joined, Site Survey Amman

9 3 Mon Mr. Miyake leaveJordan Meeting with WAJ, CP, WAJ Zarqa, Site Survey In flight /

Amman

10 4 Tue Arrival to Narita Customers' Book, WAJZarqa Site, construction survey Interview of Water Resource Amman

11 5 Wed 　Collection Data of

Organization, staff, finance Site, construction survey Collection & Survey ofWater Resources Reports Amman

12 6 Thu 　WAJ Zarqa, Organization,

StaffSurvey of sub-contractor,

Pump test Meeting with WAJ Zarqa Amman

13 7 Fri 　 Holiday Amman

14 8 Sat 　 Analysis of organization,staff, financial data Meeting with sub-contractor, Site Survey Amman

15 9 Sun 　 Study of organization, staff,financial data Mr. Sato leave Japan, Site Survey Amman

16 10 Mon　 Donor Meeting with USAID Mr. Sato joined, site survey, existing facilities Amman

17 11 Tue 　Mr. Momose joined, Team Meeting, Meeting with Mr. Sa'ad Bakri, New Deputy

director of MWI Amman

18 12 Wed 　Meeting with Statistical

Department, director of Finance,PMU

Rehabilitation planning,facilities estimation

Survey of network, data ofwells in WAJ Zarqa Amman

19 13 Thu 　Meeting with director ofgeneral affairs, human

affairs

Rehabilitation planning,Plain table test

Meeting about network data,water resources Amman


21 15 Sat 　 Site, donor data survey Rehabilitation planning,facilities estimation

Survey of candidate site forfacilities Amman

22 16 Sun 　Design concept, alternative

plan, financial analysisRehabilitation planning,

facilities estimationAnalysis of water quality,

network data Amman

23 17 Mon　 Design concept, alternativeplan, financial analysis

Mr. Yamaguchi leaveJordan, Site Hearing Survey

Network Analysis, DemandForecast

In flight /Amman

24 18 Tue 　Alternative plan of water

resources, data oforganization

Mr. Yamaguchi arrive atJapan, Site Hearing Survey

Alternative plan oftransmission, route survey Amman

25 19 Wed 　 Meeting with MWI, routesurvey of transportation

Route survey oftransportation

Alternative plan oftransmission, route survey Amman

26 20 Thu 　Alternative plan of

transmission, list of chargesInterim Discussion of Cost

EstimationAlternative plan of transmission,check of sub-contractor's report Amman


28 22 Sat 　 Transmission route survey Recall of part of estimation Survey of route, balancebetween demand and supply Amman

29 23 Sun 　 Making report, transmissionroute survey Site Survey Design concept, route survey Amman

30 24 Mon　Discussion of Technical

Notes Alternative project cost Rough facilities planning Amman

31 25 Tue 　 Making report Alternative project cost Making report Amman

32 26 Wed 　Discussion of Technical

NotesRecall of estimation of

facilities Making report Amman

33 27 Thu 　Sign to technical notes, report to JICA, EOJ, arrangement of reports, result report of

site survey Amman

34 28 Fri 　 Holiday, result report of site survey, preparation for return Amman35 29 Sat 　 Leave Jordan In flight36 30 Sun 　 Arrival to Narita 　

A - 4

(2) Additional Field Survey

Itinerary 　　 Date Mr. Momose, Mr. Funamoto Mr. Hagiwara Stay

1 4/12 Fri Leave Japan Amman2 13 Sat Metting with WAJ, arrangement of

local staffs, courtesy call: JICAMeeting with WAJ, preparation of sub-contractor Amman

3 14 Sun Survey of road occupation range Survey of underground Amman4 15 MonSurvey of road occupation range Suvey of underground, meeting of

boring survey Amman5 16 Tue Survey of road occupation range Suvey of underground, supervision of

boring survey Amman6 17 WedSurvey of road occupation range Suvey of underground Amman7 18 Thu Survey of road occupation range Survey of surplus soil disposal,

supervision of boring survey Amman8 19 Fri Survey of road occupation range Survey of surplus soil disposal Amman9 20 Sat Survey of road occupation range Survey of surplus soil disposal, check of

boring survey Amman10 21 Sun Leave Jordan In flight11 22 Mon Arrival at Narita 　

(3) Explanation of Draft Final Report

Itinerary 　

　 Date

Mr. Inagaki

Mr. Aoki Mr. Momose Mr. Minakami Stay1 18-May Sat Leave Japan London2 19 Sun

　　 Arrive at Jordan Amman

3 20 Mon Courtesy call: JICA, Ministry of Planning, WAJ, JVA, EOJ Amman4 21 Tue Discussion with USAID, WAJ, GTZ Amman5 22 Wed Discussion with WAJ Zarqa Branch, WAJ Amman6 23 Thu Discussion of M/M and signiture with WAJ Amman7 24 Fri Site Visit to Intake, Pump Station, Zai Water Treatment Plant Amman8 25 Sat Team Meeting Amman

9 26 SunMinistry of Planning sign the minuite, (Consultants visit KfW), Report toEOJ, JICA Amman

10 27

Mon

Leave Jordan Discussion with WAJ Amman11 28 Tue Arrive at Narita Leave Jordan In flight12 29 Wed 　 Arrive at Narita 　

A - 5

Appendix 3 List of Parties Concerned in the Recipient Country

(1) Government of Jordan

Ministry of PlanningMr. Abderrzaq Bani Hani, Secretary GeneralDr. Mustafa Al-Saleh, Director, Bilateral Cooperation Dept.Ms. Wafa Al-Saket, Bilateral Cooperation Department

Ministry of Water and IrrigationDr. Hazim El-Naser, MinisterMr. Sa’ad Bakri, Secretary General (Since 4 December 2001)Ms. Maysoon Zoubi, Director of Finance and Project Follow-upMr. Hishams Bashir, Accountant

Water Authority of JordanMr. Munther A. Khleifat, Secretary GeneralMr. Sa’ad Bakri, Assistant Secretary GeneralEng. Jehad Abu-Jamoos, Head of Design Dept. for Water ProjectsMr. Raed Abu Soud, Dirctor, Program Management Unit (PMU)

Water Authority of Jordan, Zarqa OfficeEng. Bassam Saleh, Administrator, Zarqa DirectorateEng. Adeeb Ammari, Director, Technical Affairs Dpt., Zarqa DirectorateEng. Isam Hamarsheh, Director, Unaccounted-for Water Dept., Zarqa Directorate

Jordan Valley AuthorityEng. Zafer Alem, Secretary GeneralEng. Ali Barakat Al-Adwan, Assistant Secretary General, Planning and Information

Ministry of HealthDr. Hussein Alkhandak, Director, Environmental HealthDr. Ali As’ad, Dty. Director, Disease Control

(2) Resident Japanese

Embassy of JapanMr. Shintaro Sasaki, Ambassador Extraordinary and PlenipotentiaryMr. Jun Yoshida, CounsellorMr. Shunichi Kamiya, Second Secretary, Economic Section

Jordan Office, JICAMr. Mizuo Inagaki, Resident RepresentativeMr. Hidenori Kumagai, Deputy Resident RepresentativeMr. Tsutomu Kobayashi, Asst. Resident RepresentativeEng. Adel O. Zureikat, Sr. Program OfficerMr. Hani H. Alkurdi, Program Officer

(3) Other Donors

United States Agency for International Development (USAID)Mr. James Franckievicz, Director, Office of Water Resources & EnvironmentMr. Alex Sundermann, Sr. Advisor, Office of Water Resources & EnvironmentMs. Setta Tutundjian, Project Management Specialist, Office of Water Resources & EnvironmentAmal A. Hijazi, Project Management Specialist, Mission Environment OfficerShank Gupta, Sr. Engineer

A - 6

Gesellschaft für Zusammenarbeit (GTZ)Mr. Heinz-Michael Hauser, Director, Middle EastMr. Udo Kachel, Team Leader

Keditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW)Mr. Reinhard Schmidt, Director, KfW Office AmmanMs. Sawsan Aruri, Project Management Assistant

World Health Organization (WHO)Mr. Hamed A. Bakri, Advisor

United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA)Mr. Fouad Shawa, Chief Field Relief & Social Services

The World BankMr. Thirumalai G. Srintvasan, Sr. Economist

European Commission in JordanMr. Mario Rizos, Expert, Civil Engineering Sector

A - 31

Appendix 5 Allocation of Water from Amman System

This basic design is formulated based on the water resources management plan of Jordan after the targetyear of 2005 when the project facilities will be constructed. After 2005, water will be supplied to theproject area from Amman side and transmission from Khaw pumping station can be discontinued.

The present situation of the water resources in Jordan and the future development projects are reviewed inthis appendix, and possibility to allocate the surplus from Amman to Zarqa is confirmed.

1. Present Conditions of Water Resources in Jordan

Sources of water supply in Amman and Zarqa are mostly groundwater wells. As the demand hasincreased in recent years, wells have become overdraft, and remarkable deterioration of water quality andlowering of aquifer level are observed. Table 1 shows safe yield, present yield, necessary amount ofreduction, and reduction ratio of wells in each governorate.

Table 1 Description of Wells in Each Governorate

Governorate Safe Yield(MCM/y)

Actual Yieldin 1998(MCM/y)

NecessaryReduction

(MCM/y)

Reduction Ratio(%)

Amman 34 62 28 45Zarqa 47 89 42 47Mafraq 77 91 14 15Irbid 29 46 17 37Ajloun 2 2 0 0Jerash 8 4 0 (+4) 0Balqa 19 47 28 60Madaba 9 14 5 36Karak 16 29 13 45Ma’an 14 23 9 39Tafielah 12 3 0 (+9) 0Aqaba 8 6 0 (+2) 0

Total 275 416(Excluding Ram) 156 38

MCM/y: million cubic meter per year Source: Water Resources Management in the Hashmite Kingdom of Jordan, JICA, 2001

Lowering of aquifer level is observed in many wells, which is still going on. Levels lowered are in therange of 4 – 30 m and the lowering rate in some wells reaches 10 meters per year (m/y). Particularlyhigher lowering rates are observed in Rusaifa area. According to reports on Water ResourcesManagement in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, JICA, 2001, aquifer level lowering rates in Amman –Zarqa basin were 0.3 – 1.0 m/y from 1968 to 2000 and that in Azraq basin have been 0 – 0.8 m/y since1985.

Deterioration in water quality is also remarkable. Increase of salt content and NO3 concentration is widelyobserved in Jordan, especially in Amman – Zarqa basin. As the above report says, electric conductivity in53 wells in Amman – Zarqa basin increased by 23.1% from 1,407 µS/cm in 1985-1989 to 1,731 µS/cm in1990-1999. In some areas, electric conductivity and NO3 concentration exceeded the national drinkingwater standards. To reverse this deterioration, some simulation results show, yields should be reduced by40% in the national average.

2. Water Resources Development Projects

The Jordanian Government is developing new water sources as well as planning to reuse treatedwastewater, while groundwater yields are planned to be reduced by almost a half. Recently developed,on-going, and planned projects are as follows:

A - 32

- Corridor wells are located northeast of Hallabat. These wells are operational from July 2001. Waterfrom these wells is mixed with water from Hallabat pumping station and transmitted to Khawpumping station. Their total production capacity is 11 MCM/y.

- Lajoun wells in Karak governorate are under construction. After completion in summer of 2002,these wells are expected to produce 15 MCM/y water.

- Zai system expansion: Japan funded expansion of water treatment plant and four pumping stationswas completed in 2001. However, Germany funded project to supply water to the plant is not yetcompleted. The Germany funded project is expected to be completed in the summer of 2003 as theaward of contract was made in December 2001 with the construction period of 18 months. Aftercompletion of this project, production capacity of Zai system will be expanded from 45 MCM/y to 90MCM/y, and therefore, water transfer from Zarqa to Amman can be discontinued. In addition, newgroundwater wells (21.9 MCM/y) will be constructed by the summer of 2002 in Zai area tosupplement the raw water source in case of the shortage.

- Desalinated brackish groundwater (DBGW): This project is funded by USAID. In this project,surface water and spring water on the east coast of Dead Sea are collected, desalinated andtransmitted to Amman. Now prequalification of contractors is finished. Construction period isexpected from August 2002 to August 2004. Envisaged production capacity of this project is 45MCM/y. A design-build-operate (DBO) contract is adopted in the implementation of the project.

- Disi fossil groundwater will be transferred from the south of Jordan to Amman through 320 kmpipeline. Prequalificaition of contractors was completed in January 2002, and operation of thisproject is expected to start in 2006. BOT contract will be applied for the implementation of theproject. Expected production is 100-150 MCM/y. Enough water will be available in Jordan after thecompletion of this project which will allow to change national water allocation pattern. The waterwithdrawal rate from over exploited eastern wells can then be reduced to the safe level.

- Wehda dam project is to increase intake water from Yarmuk river. The capacity originallyenvisaged was 108 MCM/y. It, however, was reduced by redesigning. First phase is expected to becompleted by 2005. The project will be implemented with finance by Arab Fund and Jordan’s ownfund. The developed water resource will be mainly utilized in the Irbid governorate for irrigationpurpose initially. Utilization as drinking water source will be brought about after 2015.

3. Water Allocation for Zarqa

Availability of water source in Zarqa depends partly on the conditions in Amman. Therefore, demand andsupply situation in Amman is discussed in the following paragraphs. As a result, it has been found that atleast 40 MCM/y of water would be in excess in Amman and can be utilized for Zarqa after 2005.

3.1 Water Demand Projection in Amman

Water demand in Amman is estimated in the reports ‘Water Resources Management, JICA, 2001’, and‘Hydraulic Analysis of Greater Amman Water Supply System, GTZ, 1997’. The results from thesereports are summarized in Table 2.

Table 2 Water Demand Projection in Amman (MCM/y)Source 1995 1998 2000 2005 2010 2015 2025

Water Resources Management (Scenario 1) - 87 - 101 138 171



Report on Hydraulic Analysis 110 - 117 125 148 175 222

A - 33

3.2 Water Sources for Amman

Each report considers the following water sources to meet the above demand.

a. GTZ Report on Hydraulic Analysis of Greater Amman Water Supply System

In 1995, total supplied volume was 88.37 MCM/y against a demand of 110 MCM/y. In the supply, localsources accounted for 25% and the remaining 75% was from sources outside Amman, among which thesupply from Zai system accounted for 34% and the sources from eastern wells through Khaw pumpingstation accounted for 19%.

Water source development projection in the report says that Zai system would be expanded by 45 MCM/yin 2000, the Disi fossil water development with supply of 90 MCM/y in phase 1 will be available from2005, and additional 60 MCM/y in phase 2 will be available from 2015. With the availability of thesenew sources of water, expected supply will satisfy demand after 2005, even if the abstraction rate fromlocal wells is reduced to the level of safe yield. It also says that there will be surplus of supply by 16MCM/y in 2000, 97 MCM/y in 2005, 73 MCM/y in 2010 and 106 MCM/y in 2015.

A - 34

Table 3 Water Allocation Plan – 1 (MCM/y)Source Group Source 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015

Khaw source Azraq 20.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

(Eastern wells) North Eastern Desert 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90 2.90

Za'atari & D.Km wells 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.00

Hallabat 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.90 3.90

Dhuleil (Khaldia) 6.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Zarqa to Marka Housing 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

　 39.45 22.80 22.80 22.80 22.80

To Zarqa (45%) 22.33 10.26 10.26 10.26 10.26

Net Production to Amman 17.12 12.54 12.54 12.54 12.54

Wala/Hidan Wala/Hidan 11.44 10.00 10.00 10.00 10.00

(Sourthern wells 1) To Madaba 6.53 6.53 6.53 6.53 6.53


Qastal/Suwaqaq Suwaqa 9.14 9.09 9.09 9.09 9.09

/Qatrana Qatrana 4.62 4.91 4.91 4.91 4.91

(Southern wells 2) 　 13.76 14.00 14.00 14.00 14.00

To Madaba villages 5.01 5.01 5.01 5.01 5.01

　 8.75 8.99 8.99 8.99 8.99

Qastal 2.00 2.00 1.00 0.00 0.00

　 10.74 10.99 9.99 8.99 8.99

To Jyza, Airport & Madaba 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50

Net Production to Amman 8.25 8.49 7.49 6.49 6.49Zai source Zai Production Upgraded To 45

MCM/y @1998MCM/ｙ 35.37 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00Add. To 90 MCM/y ｒ after Year2004 0.00 45.00 45.00 45.00 45.00

　 35.37 90.00 90.00 90.00 90.00To R.Shawak, Safut, Harbag &Mahis 1.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

To Balqa 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.38 4.38

Net Production To Amman 29.77 85.62 85.62 85.62 85.62

Russeifa Wells DN 600 2.32 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75

(Northern wells) DN 400 3.70 2.75 2.75 2.75 2.75

Net Production To Amman 6.02 4.50 4.50 4.50 4.50

Local Sources Tadj Wells 8.71 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50

(in Amman) Yajouz well 1 0.23 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20

Yajouz well 6 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27

Muhajreen well 3.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Wadi Saqra Well 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30

Wadi Esseer Spring 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.26 3.26

W. Qaｓtar well 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07

Azraq Spring to Dabouq 0.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Madhona 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11 0.11

Ras El Ain Spring & 2 Wells 5.91 5.90 5.90 5.90 5.90


Disi Fossil Groundwater 0.00 0.00 90.00 90.00 150.00

Grand Total to Amman 88.37 133.22 222.22 221.22 281.22

A - 35

b. JICA Report on Water Resources Management

As new water sources, JICA report says that the desalinated brackish water project will be completed in2005 and Zai system expansion and Disi fossil water project will be completed in 2010. Water allocationis projected as shown in Table 4. Water transfer through Khaw pumping station will be discontinued in2005-2010.

Table 4 Water Allocation Plan – 2 (MCM/y)

Sources 1998 2005 2010 2015

External wells (From Za'atari and Mafraq) 27 5 0 0

Zai 32 36 58 58

Local wells 33 26 24 25

Madaba 0 3 0 0

Desalinated Brackish Groundwater (DBGW) 0 31 31 40

Disi Fossil Groundwater 0 0 25 48

Export to outside 5 0 0 0

Total Resources Available in Amman 87 101 138 171

c. The Present Basic Design Study

Similar to the above reports, this study also considers that the abstraction from local wells will be reducedto preserve groundwater and new water sources are expected to be able to satisfy the increasing demand.

As new water sources, additional 45 MCM/y will be available from 2003 due to the expansion of Zaisystem and the 45 MCM/y DBGW will be available from 2004. Disi water project is planned to supply 90MCM/y from 2007.

In addition to above, Corridor wells (11 MCM/y) were commissioned in July 2001 and Lajoun wells (15MCM/y) will be commissioned in summer 2002. A total of 26 MCM/y will be increased.

Considering the availability of the above new water sources, water allocation in Amman is projected as inTable 5. Available volume from Zai system, DBGW and Disi is net value after reducing localconsumption from production. Table 2-5 shows that demand in Amman (Scenario 1 in Table 2) issatisfied after 2005 and more than 40 MCM/y surplus water will be available for Zarqa and other cities.

Table 5 Water Allocation – 3 (MCM/y)Sources 1995 2005 2010 2015

External wells (From Za'atari and Mafraq) 27 0 0 0

Zai 32 81 58 58

Local wells 33 23 23 23

Madaba 0 0 0 0

Desalinated Brackish Groundwater (DBGW) 0 40 45 45

Disi Fossil Groundwater 0 0 67 88

Export to outside 5 0 0 0

Total Resources Available in Amman 87 144 193 214

Demand in Amman (Scenario 1 in Table 2) － 101 138 171

Excess Water in Amman － 43 55 43

A - 36

3.3 Water Allocation to Zarqa

a. JICA Report on Water Resources Management

Water allocation in Zarqa is estimated as in Table 6 from the internal data. In the short term, watertransfer from Zarqa to Amman will be reduced and in the long term, local groundwater production will bereduced by almost a half.

Table 6 Water Allocation in Zarqa – 1 (MCM/y)Sources 1998 2005 2010 2015

External wells (From Za'atari and Mafraq) 13.0 9.9 13.0 16.0External surface water 0 0.7 0.7 10.7Local wells 38.6 34.8 23.8 22.2DBGW, Disi 0 0 17.3 18.6Total Sources 51.6 45.4 54.8 67.5To Amman 17.6 5.0 0 0To Jerash, Mafraq 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Available Sources in Zarqa 32.5 38.9 53.3 66.0Water Demand in Zarqa 32.5 38.9 53.3 66.0

b. This Study

Water supply will exceed the demand in 2005 due to development of new water sources by Zai systemexpansion, DBGW and Disi fossil water. Accordingly in 2005, water transfer through Khaw pumpingstation to Amman can be discontinued and the abstraction rate from the local wells can be reduced by ahalf. Table 7 shows that deficit of supply in Zarqa without considering water sources of Zai system,DBGW, and Disi water will be 13.9 MCM/y in 2005, 28.3 MCM/y in 2010 and 31.0 MCM/y in 2015. Onthe other hand, surplus of water supply in Amman will be 43.0 MCM/y in 2005, 55.0 MCM/y in 2010and 43.0 MCM/y in 2015 as shown in Table 7 and can meet the deficit in Zarqa.

Table 7 Water Allocation in Zarqa – 2 (MCM/y)Sources 1998 2005 2010 2015

External wells (From Za'atari and Mafraq) 13.0 6.5 6.5 6.5External surface water 1 0 0.7 0.7 0.7External surface water 2 (Waheda dam) 0 0 0 10.0Local wells 38.6 19.3 19.3 19.3Total Sources 51.6 26.5 26.5 36.5To Amman 17.6 0 0 0To Jerash, Mafraq 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5Available Sources in Zarqa 32.5 25.0 25.0 35.0Water Demand in Zarqa 32.5 38.9 53.3 66.0Deficit Amount in Zarqa 0 13.9 28.3 31.0Excess Amount in Amman (Table 5) － 43.0 55.0 43.0

Based on this study, WAJ agreed to transfer surplus water in Amman to Zarqa (Technical Notes datedDecember 27, 2001, and a letter by the Minister of Water and Irrigation dated February 12, 2002).

A - 37

4. Selection of Water Sources to be Allocated to Zarqa

4.1 Water Sources for Zarqa District Excluding Water Sources from Amman

As described in the previous section, the water resources for Zarqa district in 2000 and 2004 is indicatedin Table 8. In 2000, the amount of 52.5 MCM/y is produced in Zarqa area and transmitted from other area,while 31.8 MCM/y is consumed in Zarqa area. 18.7 MCM/y is transmitted to Amman area.

At present, due to overdraft from local wells, groundwater level has lowered remarkably. The Draft FinalReport on Water Resources Management in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (JICA, 2001) points outthat the present well water production rate in Amman-Zarqa basin is 180% of the safe yield. The loweringof ground water level influences the environment. For example, in Azraq oasis where Azraq wells arelocated, migratory birds stopover has disappeared. WAJ sets up a plan to reduce the overdraft ofgroundwater from Azraq wells by a half for two or three months at the beginning of 2002 for emergencycountermeasures.

WAJ has a plan to reduce the abstraction of water from wells after 2004 as water resources from Ammanincrease. The plan to reduce abstraction water by 50 % from wells has been agreed between WAJ and thestudy team.

A - 38

Table 8　　Water Resources for Zarqa District in 2000 and after 2004(Except water resources from Amman)

Unit：million m3/year (MCM/y)

　 Year 2000 2005 2010 2015Water Resources in Zarqa Governorate

　Awajan　 Awajan 2.99 1.82 1.82 1.82Ruseifa district　 Rusaifa 18 0.12　 Basateen 0.85　 Huteen Camp 0.06　 Phosphat Deep 0.50Sub-total 　 1.53 0.82 0.82 0.82Zarqa district　 Zarqa 2.72 1.49 1.49 1.49　 Hashemeyeh 2.94 1.53 1.53 1.53Sub-total 　 5.66 3.01 3.01 3.01Zarqa West　 Marhib 1.35 0.61 0.61 0.61　 Beerain 0.27 0.10 0.10 0.10　 Um Rummaneh 0.01 0.04 0.04 0.04Sub-total 　 1.63 0.74 0.74 0.74North West　 Aloug Spring 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03　 Sarrout Spring 0.07 0.04 0.04 0.04　 Qunieh 0.48 0.27 0.27 0.27Sub-total 0.59 0.34 0.34 0.34East 　　 Azraq 18.92 10.19 10.19 10.19　 Hallabat 4.28 1.86 1.86 1.86　 Tamween 1.05 0.00 0.00 0.00Sub-total 24.25 12.05 12.05 12.05Total 　 36.65 18.77 18.77 18.77

　　Water Resources from outside of Zarqa Governorate

Mafraq 　　 Zatari 15.32 6.74 6.74 6.74　 Khalidia dhlail 0.53 0.24 0.24 0.24　 Corridor 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00Sub-total 　 15.85 14.98 14.98 14.98Total Water Resources in Zarqa District

　52.50 33.74 33.74 33.74

　　Export from Zarqa District and Local Consumption　 To Amman 18.70 0.00 0.00 0.00　 To Jerash 0.39 0.40 0.40 0.40　 To Mafraq 0.22 0.25 0.25 0.25　 To Azraq 1.41 1.50 1.50 1.50

Total 　 20.72 2.15 2.15 2.15Available Water Resources in Zarqa District 31.78 31.59 31.59 32.59

A - 39

4.2 Available Water Resources for Zarqa District including Water Source from Amman

As described above, the surplus water of Amman area will be available in Zarqa area, thus the watersources of Zarqa area is indicated in Table 9.

Table 9　　Available amount of water in Zarqa areaUnit： Million m3/year (m3/day)

Water Resources 2005 2010 2015

43 55 43Available water resources from Amman(118,000) (151,000) (118,000)

31.6 31.6 31.6Available water resources within Zarqaarea (86,600) (86,600) (86,600)

74.6 86.6 74.6Total(204,600) (237,600) (204,600)

4.3 Blance of Demand and Supply in Amman and Surplus

Available water amount in Zarqa depends on Amman’s water balance. Zai system expansion (45MCM/y)and Desalinated Brackish Ground Water (DBGW, 45MCM/y) will be available from 2003 and 2004,respectively. In addition, Disi fossil ground water (90MCM/y) will start operation from 2006.

Hydraulic Analysis Report of Greater Amman Water Supply System in 1997 has established thedistribution facility plan considering new water sources of Zai expansion and Desalinated BrackishGround Water systems. Four main distribution zones (R1 – R4) are recommended and each zone isfurther divided into sub zones to keep distribution pressure as uniform as possible.

Water sources are transferred into Terminal Reservoir in each main distribution zone and sent to subzones in order. In case water sources are short in one zone, supplement water sources are transferred fromnext main zone. In case water sources are excess in one zone, excess water is transferred to next mainzone.

Terminal Reservoirs in four main zones are as follows.

R1: Tadj reservoirR2: Abu Alanda reservoirR3: Dabouq reservoirR4: Wadj reservoir

Water sources are mainly Zai system, DBGW, Disi fossil groundwater and local wells. Available quantityevery five years is shown in Figure 1. Alternative transmission systems in Amman are considered asavailable water sources exceed demands. Such alternatives in 2005 and 2010 are shown in Figure 2-1 toFigure 2-4.

Water Transmission Alternatives in 2005

Available water sources (Zai: 81 MCM/y, DBGW: 40 MCM/y, Local wells: 23.1 MCM/y)Zai system produces 90 MCM/y after expansion. 9 MCM/y is used in other cities.

Case 1 (Figure 2-1): This is the case in which Zai system water is utilized fully. Water requiredfor Zarqa project area is transmitted from Kharabshe reservoir through Hetten junction. ExistingAmman transmission system can accommodate such transmission method.

Case 2 (Figure 2-2): This is the case in which DBGW is utilized fully. DBGW is preferentiallydistributed to R2 zone. Remaining DBGW is transmitted to R3 zone, mixed with Zai systemwater and distributed to R1, R3 and R4 zones, and transmitted to Zarqa project area.

A - 40

Trihalomethanes (THM) in the Zai system water is diluted by mixing with DBGW. ExistingAmman transmission system can also accommodate such transmission method.

Water Transmission Alternatives in 2010

Available water sources: Zai: 58 MCM/y, DBGW: 45 MCM/y, Disi fossil groundwater: 67 MCM/y,and Local wells: 23.1 MCM/y. Water amount of Zai, DBGW and Disi is net water transmitted toAmman after reduction for other consumers.

Case 1 (Figure 2-3): This is the case in which Zai system water is utilized fully. DBGW (45MCM/y) is transmitted to R3 zone, mixed with Zai water and distributed preferentially to R3, R4and Zarqa project area. Remaining DBGW/Zai mixed water is also distributed to R1 zone anddeficit of R1 zone is supplemented through R2 zone from Disi water.

Case 2 (Figure 2-4): This is the case in which DBGW and Disi fossil groundwater is utilizedfully. DBGW (45 MCM/y) is transmitted to R3 zone, mixed with Zai water and distributed to R3,R4 and Zarqa study area. Disi water is distributed to R2 and R1 zones. As transmission waterfrom Muntazah to Abu Alanda is increased in this case, additional pipelines and pumps will berequired.

5. Recommended Allocation Plan and Transmission Route

Water transmission system alternatives for Case 1 and Case 2 were evaluated in 2005 and 2010. In 2005,it is possible for both Case 1 and Case 2 to transmit required water in Zarqa area through Kharabshe fromDabouq utilizing existing pipeline, assuming this one is exclusively used for this purpose. It is notnecessary to install additional transmission line between Muntaza and Abu Alanda. In 2010, additionalpumps and transmission line between Muntaza and Abu Alanda may be required when DBGW and Disiwater is utilized fully in Case 2. However, additional pumps and transmission line between Muntaza andAbu Alanda will not be installed in this project as target year of this project is 2005.

Mun

taza

h R

es

Abu

Ala

nda

Res

Hiz

am

Res

Kha

w P

S

Aw

ajan

H

igh

Het

tein

R

es

ZAR

QA

AM

MA

N

P

Wad

i Es

See

r R

es

Dab

ouq

Res

Um

m U

thei

nah

Res

Kha

rabs

he

Res R

as E

l Ain

R

es

Tad

j Res

Ain

G

haza

l R

es

Rus

eifa

W

ell

Flo

w r

ate

: MC

M/Y

2005

2010

2015

0 67

88

40

45

45

81 58

58

1.9

1.9

1.9

8.0

8.0

8.0

10.2

10.2

10.2

7.0

7.0

7.0

Figu

re 1

Wat

er S

ourc

e

Dis

i

DB

GW

Zai

Za'

atar

i/Kha

ldia

Hal

laba

tC

orrid

or

Azr

aq

0.18

0.18

0.18

R2

Sou

rce

3.26

3.26

3.26

R4

Sou

rce

15.1

615

.16

15.1

6

R1

Sou

rce

4.50

4.50

4.50

Rus

eifa

wel

lto

R1

Res

ervo

ir

Tran

smis

sion

Pum

ping

Sta

tion

P

A - 41

A - 42

mcm million m3

Figure 2-1 Allocation of Sources

<2005> case 1

Year 2005

LEGEND DBGW

Terminal Reservoir

Desalinated Brackish Ground Water

(40.00)

DBGW

0.00 16.52

18.53 0.00

18.53

18.53

Zone R1 R2

(81.00)

75.18

Zarqa 18.53

3.26 R3+R4

extra required from Zai [mcm]

0.00 18.53

0.00

extra required from Disi &

DBGW [mcm] 16.52

0.00

Demand [mcm]

sources [mcm]

36.18 18.71 46.11

0.00 0.00

19.66 0.18

42.85

42.85

ZAI 水源を最大限利用するもので、 ZARQA 必要量 (15.81MCM/Y) は Kharabshe 配水池、 Junction を経由し、自然流下で ZARQA 地区への送水が可能である。現況のアンマンリング水道シテム内で対応できることから、最も経済的である。

15.81 15.81

15.81

0.00

116.81 23.10 75.18

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

Khaw Hutten Junction

Tadj

Abu Alanda

Marj Alhamam

Wadi

Dabouq

Umm Utheinah

Kharabshe

Ras El Ain

R 1

R 4

R 3

R 2

ZAI

R

R

Hizam

Muntaza

R

Ain Ghzal

Abu Nusair

R

R

Zai source is utilized at the maximum level. Volume demanded in the project area (15.81 mcm/y) can be transmitted by gravity through Kharabshe reservoir and Hutten junction. This option uses the existing transmission pipe, and is most economical.

81.00

(=21.47+21.38)

Muntazah

81.00 12.71

12.71 5.82

Localsources[mcm]

12.71

12.71Es Seer

5.82

12.71

Zarqa project area (15.81

A - 43

<2005> case 2

Year 2005

LEGEND DBGW

Terminal Reservoir


特徴

53.71

40.00

18.53

(40.00)

DBGW

(81.00)

0.00 16.52

36.18 18.71

15.81

19.66 0.18

46.11 R3+R4

75.18 18.53116.81 23.10

15.81

0.00

18.53 21.47

42.85

0.00

extra required from DBGW

[mcm]

0.00 3.26

Demand [mcm]

15.81

16.52 0.00 18.53

DBGW （汽水淡水化）水源を最大限利用するも

Zone R1 R2

sources [mcm]

0.00 0.00

42.85 Zarqa

extra required from Zai &

DBGW [mcm]

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R


Tadj

Abu Alanda

Marj Alhamam

Wadi

Dabouq

Umm Utheinah

Kharabshe

Ras El Ain

R 1

R 4

R 3

R 2

ZAI

R

R

Hizam

Muntaza

R

Ain Ghzal

Abu Nusair

R

R


DBGW source is used at the maximum level. All the volume except that demanded in R2distribution zone (18.53 mcm/y) is transmitted to R3 zone, and is mixed with Zai water. Then it istransmitted to R1, R3 and R4 zones, and project area.

(=21.47+21.38)

53.71

21.47 21.38

Localsources[mcm]

Es Seer

40.00

Muntazah

Zarqa project area.

A - 44


<2010> case 1

Year 2010

LEGEND DBGW Disi

Terminal Reservoir


ZAI 水源を最大限利用するものである。汽水淡水化水 (45.00MCM/Y) は R3 配水区へ送り ZAI 水源と混合し、 R3,R4 及び ZARQA 地区へ優先的に配水する。 R1 地区へは ZAI 、汽水混合水の残りと不足分をR2 配水区経由で補給す

22.03 5.14 0.00 25.89

61.84 0.00 19.13 0.00

(45.00)

DBGW

(58.00)

5.14 22.03

25.89

76.03

31.03

Zone R1 R2

(67.00)

extra required from Disi

[mcm]

Zarqa 103.00 31.03

19.13 157.13 23.10

19.66 0.18

R3+R4

Demand [mcm]

sources [mcm]

3.26

19.13


DBGW [mcm]

0.00

45.00

58.00

61.84

46.83 26.07 65.10

0.00

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R


Tadj

Abu Alanda

Marj Alhamam

Wadi

Dabouq

Umm Utheinah

Kharabshe

Ras El Ain

R 1

R 4

R 3

R 2

ZAI

R

R

Hizam

Muntaza

R

Ain Ghzal

Abu Nusair

R

R

Zai source is used at the maximum. DBGW water (45.00 mcm/y) is transmitted to R3 zone and mixed with Zai water, and transmitted to R3, R4 zones and the project area. The remaining balance of the mixed water and deficit is sent to R1 through R2 reservoir.

Muntazah

Es Seer

LocalSources[mcm]

76.03

27.17

22.97

0.00

38.87

58.00

DBGW& Disi [mcm]

Zarqa project area. The remaining

A - 45


<2010> case 2

Year 2010

LEGEND DBGW Disi

Terminal Reservoir


DBGW （汽水淡水化水）及び Disi （化石地下水）水源を最大限利用するものである。 DBGW 汽水淡水化水 (45.00MCM/Y) はＺ AI の水源と混合し、 R3,R4 及び ZARQA 地区へ配水する。 R1,R2 地区へは Disi 化石地下水を配水する。

(45.00) (67.00)

DBGW

0.00 0.00 19.13

0.00 0.00

19.13

19.66 0.18

65.10

157.13 23.10

19.13

53.06

25.89

0.00

(58.00)

27.17 0.00

35.97

61.84

80.97

53.06 45.00

Demand [mcm]


DBGW [mcm] 27.17 25.89

extra required from Disi

[mcm] 46.83 26.07

98.06

Zone R1 R2

sources [mcm]

0.00 61.84

Zarqa R3+R4 3.26

R

R

R

R

R

R

R

R


Tadj

Abu Alanda

Marj Alhamam

Wadi

Dabouq

Umm Utheinah

Kharabshe

Ras El Ain

R 1

R 4

R 3

R 2

ZAI

R

R

Hizam

Muntaza

R

Ain Ghzal

Abu Nusair

R

R

DBGW and Disi sources are utilized at the maximum. DBGW (45.00 mcm/y) is mixed with Zai water and sent to R3, R4 zones and the project area. Disi water is sent to R1 and R2 zones.

45.00

98.06

16.84

35.97

LocalSources[mcm]

DBGW& Disi [mcm]

Es Seer

Muntazah

(=45.00+16.84)

Zai waterand sent to R3, R4 zones and the Zarqa project area. Disi water is sent to R1 and R2 zones.

Chapt2E English checked - JICAopen_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11707551_02.pdfMachinery Planning Mr....

Documents

Transcript of Chapt2E English checked - JICAopen_jicareport.jica.go.jp/pdf/11707551_02.pdfMachinery Planning Mr....