Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D., AICP, PTP 11/3/2011 - CUTR...2012/08/11 · 11/3/2011 1 Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D.,...
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11/3/2011 1 Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D., AICP, PTP Center for UrbanTransportation Research (CUTR) University of South Florida 11/3/2011 November 3 rd , 2011 For many, there is no greater escape than the power of a motorcycle and there is no better state than Florida in which to experience it. However, motorcyclists are more vulnerable to injuries and death than drivers and passengers in four wheeled vehicles
Transcript of Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D., AICP, PTP 11/3/2011 - CUTR...2012/08/11 · 11/3/2011 1 Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D.,...
11/3/2011
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Chanyoung Lee, Ph.D., AICP, PTP
Center for Urban Transportation Research (CUTR)University of South Florida
11/3/2011
November 3rd, 2011
For many, there is no greater escape than the power of a motorcycle and there is no better state than Florida in which to experience it. However, motorcyclists are more vulnerable to injuries and death than drivers and passengers in four wheeled vehicles
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November 3rd, 2011
November 3rd, 2011
1.001.20 1.35
1.54
1.812.02
2.312.45
2.64 2.62
1.031.001.13 1.15 1.24
1.331.43
1.541.64
1.78 1.82
1.01
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Florida ‐ Motorcycle registrations
Florida ‐ Car registrations
US ‐ Motorcycle registrations
US ‐ Car registrations
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November 3rd, 2011
1.00
1.22
1.151.16
1.151.13
1.01
0.98
1.11
1.03
1.00
1.13
1.18
1.23
1.30
1.341.35
1.37
1.321.29
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Florida ‐ Car registrations Florida ‐ VMT INDEXED
November 3rd, 2011
1.01.1 1.2
1.51.7
1.92.2 2.2 2.2
1.6 1.6
1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.00.9 0.8
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Motorcycle Fatalities All Vehicle Fatalities
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November 3rd, 2011
YearMotorcyclist
Fatalities
All Traffic
Fatalities
% of Total
Motorcyclist Injuries
All Traffic Injuries
% of Total
Motorcycles Involved in
Crashes
All Traffic
Crashes
% of Total
2001 276 3,013 9.2% 5,101 234,600 2.2% 5,766 256,169 2.3%
2002 304 3,143 9.7% 5,384 229,611 2.3% 5,972 250,470 2.4%
2003 365 3,179 11.5% 5,973 221,639 2.7% 6,635 243,294 2.7%
2004 416 3,257 12.8% 6,558 227,192 2.9% 7,367 252,902 2.9%
2005 477 3,533 13.5% 7,282 233,930 3.1% 8,147 268,605 3.0%
2006 550 3,365 16.3% 8,769 214,914 4.1% 8,990 256,200 3.5%
2007 550 3,221 17.1% 8,955 212,149 4.2% 9,205 256,206 3.6%
2008 532 2,983 17.8% 9,402 199,658 4.7% 9,618 243,342 4.0%
2009 402 2,563 15.7% 8,202 197,214 4.2% 8,313 235,778 3.5%
2010 383 2,444 15.7% 7,411 195,104 3.8% 7,484 235,461 3.2%
November 3rd, 2011
Motorcycle crashes, injuries, and fatalities are increasing at a sharper rate than other types of crashes.
In 2000, motorcycle fatalities accounted for about 8% of all traffic fatalities in Florida
In 2009, they accounted for 15.7% of all traffic fatalities in Florida
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November 3rd, 2011
Significant improvement on motorcycle safety has been achieved in Florida
According for Florida’s Department of Health, between 2008 and 2009
Motorcycle crash fatalities decreased 25% (402)
Hospitalizations decreased 14% (3,278)
Emergency department visits decreased 13% (9,841)
November 3rd, 2011
A comprehensive approach to motorcycle safety is being employed through the Motorcycle Strategic Safety Plan in Florida. The mission of the plan is to dedicate resources to areas where the opportunities for improvement are the greatest.
In order to measure both the opportunities and levels of improvement, evaluation and data collection mechanisms must be in place.
Although significant improvement has been achieved, the numbers of motorcycle‐related fatalities, injuries, and crashes are still high in Florida.
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November 3rd, 2011
Florida Motorcyclist Survey 2011
Target Sample Size: 1,500 (1,008,401 endorsed riders)
Collected Response: 2,773
Florida Automobile Driver Survey 2011
Target Sample Size: 1,500 (15,507,284 licensed drivers)
Collected Response: 5,578
Florida Rider Training Survey 2011
Target Sample Size: 500 (42,529 endorsements per year)
Collected Response: 545
November 3rd, 2011
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November 3rd, 2011
67 Florida Rider Training Program (FRTP) schools were contacted to inquire if they would administer surveys to new graduates upon completion of the course.
FRTP schools located in 15 different cities agreed to participate.
Survey questionnaires were individually packaged with detailed instructions and informed consents.
November 3rd, 2011
For the 2011 Motorcyclist Survey conducted by CUTR, data was collected by web‐based survey using a multi‐method sampling approach.
Florida motorcyclist magazine
Motorcycle social media
Motorcycle rider associations/groups
Postcard advertisement
DHSMV e‐mail to randomly selected riders in the registration database
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November 3rd, 2011
Data for this survey was also collected by web‐based survey using a multi‐method sampling approach.
Postcard advertisement
Online newspapers
DHSMV e‐mail to randomly selected drivers in the registration database
November 3rd, 2011
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November 3rd, 2011
26.4%
19.3%
40.6%
13.7%
Very inexperienced (I have neverridden a motorcycle prior to the
course)
Somewhat inexperienced
Somewhat experienced
Very experienced
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%N = 539
November 3rd, 2011
A survey of recent graduates of the Florida Rider Training Program (FRTP) Basic Rider Course (BRC) was conducted during June and July 2011.
0.6%
0.4%
8.9%
90.2%
Poor
Fair
Good
Excellent
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%N = 542
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November 3rd, 2011
1
2
3
4Protective gears
Controlling amotorcycle
Riding
Crash avoidance
Road conditions
Alcohol awareness
Conspicuity
Florida laws
Experienced Riders Inexperienced Riders
N = 539
November 3rd, 2011
18.6% of respondents reported that it is “very likely” or “somewhat likely” that they will ride a motorcycle without wearing a helmet.
14.6% of respondents reported that it is “very likely” or “somewhat likely” that they will ride a motorcycle 100 mph or more.
3.7% of respondents reported that it is “very likely” or “somewhat likely” that they will ride a motorcycle within two hours of drinking alcohol.
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November 3rd, 2011
Female respondents reported significantly lower levels of comfort riding a motorcycle in traffic after taking the BRC than male respondents (p=0.000)
Respondents age 45 or older reported low levels of comfort riding a motorcycle in traffic after taking the BRC compared to respondents age 18 to 44 (p=0.049).
November 3rd, 2011
1
2
3
418 ‐ 24
25 ‐ 34
35 ‐ 44
45 ‐ 54
55 ‐ 64
65 or older 1: Very unlikely
2: Somewhat unlikely
3: Somewhat likely
4: Very likely
N = 530
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November 3rd, 2011
The majority of respondents own a motorcycle and ride regularly
49% ride more than once per week
23.8% ride every day
Nearly two thirds of respondents reported that they always wear a helmet
Several respondents reported that they wear gear with high visibility/reflective properties and have made some modifications to their motorcycle to make it more visible
November 3rd, 2011
Less than 1 year
1 ‐ 3 years
3 – 5years
5 – 10years
More than 10 years
10 mph under posted limit 0.0%(0)
0.6%(1)
0.4%(1)
0.3%(1)
0.1%(1)
Under or at posted limit 61.6%(45)
39.0%(67)
31.8%(82)
34.6%(120)
37.2%(710)
1‐10 mph above posted limit 35.6%(26)
49.4%(85)
62.0%(160)
60.5%(210)
58.8%(1,123)
11‐20 mph above posted limit 2.7%(2)
6.4%(11)
5.4%(14)
3.8%(13)
3.3%(62)
20 mph above posted limit 0.0%(0)
4.7%(8)
0.4%(1)
0.9%(3)
0.7%(14)
Total 100.0%(73)
100.0% (172)
100.0%(258)
100.0% (347)
100.0% (1,910)
p = 0.000, χ² = 73.574, df = 24( ): Sample Sizep = 0.000, χ² = 73.574, df = 24( ): Sample Sizep = 0.000, χ² = 73.574, df = 24( ): Sample Size
p = 0.000, χ² = 73.574, df = 24 ( ): Sample Size
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November 3rd, 2011
Formal training after
endorsement
No formal training after endorsement
Total
Formal training when endorsed 20.3% (561) 38.2% (1,055) 58.5% (1,616)
No formal training whenendorsed
15.4% (425) 24.8% (684) 40.2% (1,109)
I do not have a motorcycle endorsement yet
0.1% (4) 1.2% (33) 1.3 % (37)
Total 35.8% (990) 64.2% (1,772) 100.0% (345)
November 3rd, 2011
29.5% of respondents reported they have been involved in a motorcycle crash that incurred a medical treatment of themselves.
As expected, the likelihood of being involved in a motorcycle crash that incurs a medical treatment increases with the number of years respondents have been riding (p=0.000).
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November 3rd, 2011
Most motorcycle safety campaigns promoted in past 12 months were well‐received by Florida motorcycle riders.
92.4% recalled “Watch for Motorcycles”
80.5% recalled “Look Twice, Save a Life”
25.6% recalled “None for the Road”
4.3% recalled “Decide to Ride on the Safe Side”
November 3rd, 2011
A survey of Florida automobile drivers was conducted to collect feedback and identify new strategies to improve motorcycle safety in Florida.
A web‐based survey method with a multi‐method sampling approach was conducted during July and August 2011.
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November 3rd, 2011
Endorsed Not endorsed Total
Roadway defects (pavement ridges, potholes, etc.)
4.5% (36) 4.0% (192) 4.1% (228)
Weather conditions 1.8% (14) 4.8% (230) 4.4% (244)
Failure of motorists to detect and recognize motorcycles
85.2% (676) 49.9% (2,383) 54.9% (3,059)
Lack of protection in crash 6.8% (54) 33.3% (1,591) 29.5% (1,645)
Other 1.6% (13) 8.0% (383)) 7.1% (396)
Total 100.0% (793) 100.0% (4,779) 100.0% (5,572)
November 3rd, 2011
Respondents who have a valid motorcycle endorsement reported a higher frequency of motorcycle observation and more active efforts to locate motorcycles in traffic while driving than respondents who do not have a motorcycle endorsement.
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November 3rd, 2011
Many Florida drivers were exposed to motorcycle safety campaigns in past 12 months.
59.6% recalled “Watch for Motorcycles”
51.2% recalled “Look Twice, Save a Life”
8.5% recalled “None for the Road”
November 3rd, 2011
Rider Operator; passenger
Helmet Type
No helmet; full face helmet; open face helmet; motocross
helmet; novelty helmet; decorative helmet; carrying but not
wearing helmet; unknown type of helmet
Motorcycle Type
Sport bike; cruiser; touring bike; standard bike; on road/off
road bike; trike; moped/scooter; other/custom; unknown type
of bike
Gender Male; female
Race White; African American; Asian; Hispanic; other
Personal Protective
GearEye protection; jacket; long pants; shoes; gloves
PassengerIf passenger is a child (<13yrs) and if his/her feet reach the
foot rest
Observational Survey Form Details
2011 Observation Form
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November 3rd, 2011
Top Five Motorcycle Fatality Counties were observed during January/February 2011.
Selected counties: Broward, Hillsborough, Miami Dade, Orange & Volusia.
Top ten Motorcycle Fatality Counties were observed during May/June 2011.
Selected counties: Broward, Hillsborough, Miami Dade, Orange, Volusia, Brevard, Duval, Palm Beach, Pinellas and Lee.
Detailed Results are presented for following findings:
(A) 2011 (May/June) Observational Survey
(B) Seasonal Comparison in Helmet Use (May/Jun vs. Jan/Feb)
(C) Longitudinal Analysis in Helmet Use (2010 vs. 2011)
November 3rd, 2011
County
Population
(2010
Estimate)
Motorcycle
Endorsements (
July 2011)
Motorcycle
Registrations
(June 2010)
Operators
Observed
Passengers
Observed
Total
Observed
Total
(per
hr
per
site)
Total
(per
hr
per
site)
Total
(per
hr
per
site)
Double-sampled (54 intersections/county)
Broward 1,751,406 69,302 (4.0%) 38,566 692 13 80 1 772 14
Hillsborough 1,203,245 53,247 (4.4%) 29,425 639 12 51 1 691 13
Miami Dade 2,480,597 61,446 (2.5%) 49,713 548 10 39 1 589 11
Orange 1,110,155 54,565 (4.9%) 29,099 1,005 19 155 2 1,160 21
Volusia 505,050 54,397 (10.8%) 35,040 1,683 32 237 4 1,920 36
Single-sampled (27 intersections/county)
Brevard 555,248 45,190 (8.1%) 25,554 661 24 67 3 728 27
Duval 901,271 44,100 (4.9%) 26,445 384 14 54 2 440 16
Palm Beach 1,286,461 52,513 (4.1%) 27,629 247 9 18 1 266 10
Pinellas 927,994 53,846 (5.8%) 31,846 687 25 140 6 827 31
Lee 613,546 40,341 (6.6%) 21,819 268 10 36 1 304 11
Total 11,334,973 528,947 (4.7%) 315,136 6,814 17 877 2 7,697 19
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November 3rd, 2011
49.3%
3.4%
47.3%DOT Compliant Helmet
Novelty Helmet
No Helmet
November 3rd, 2011
47.3%
3.4%
0.8%
26.4%
22.0%
No Helmet /decorative/…
Novelty
Motocross
Open face
Full face
0.8%
1.2%
1.1%
2.1%
11.2%
12.4%
16.0%
20.9%
34.3%
Unknown
On/Off…
Other/C…
Trike
Moped/…
Standard
Sport Bike
Touring
Cruiser
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November 3rd, 2011
52.4%
1.3%
46.3%49.3%
3.4%
47.3%
DOT Compliant Helmet Novelty Helmet No Helmet
Hotspot Counties 2010 Hotspot Counties 2011
November 3rd, 2011
Rider RaceAsian0.2%(14)
African American
5.7% (437)
Hispanic5.4%(418)
White81.3%(6214)
Others0.5%(35)
DOT-compliant
Helmet
Full Face 42.9% 37.1% 25.2% 19.0% 47.1%Open Face 21.4% 11.6% 16.1% 28.3% 20.6%Motocross 0.0% 0.9% 1.2% 0.8% 2.9%
Total 64.3% 49.7% 42.4% 48.1% 70.6%Novelty Helmet 0.0% 3.2% 0.7% 3.5% 0.0%
Without Helmet
No Helmet 35.7% 34.6% 44.1% 38.0% 20.6%
Decorative 0.0% 10.0% 12.2% 9.8% 5.9%
Carrying but not wearing
0.0% 2.6% 0.5% 0.6% 2.9%
Total 35.7% 47.1% 56.8% 48.4% 29.4%
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November 3rd, 2011
54.2%
6.7%
39.2%
49.5%
3.3%
47.2%
DOT Compliant Helmet Novelty Helmet No Helmet
Jan/Feb 2011 May/June 2011
November 3rd, 2011
The use of helmet is highly associated with motorcycle type
Jan/Feb 2011 May/Jun 2011
Motorcycle Type
DOT-compliant
Helmet
Novelty Helmet
No Helmet
Motorcycle Type
DOT-compliant
Helmet
Novelty Helmet
No Helmet
Cruiser 42.9% 7.8% 49.3% Cruiser 41.7% 3.9% 54.4%
Moped /Scooter
42.7% 2.8% 54.5%Moped /Scooter
34.2% 1.7% 64.1%
On/Off Road 70.4% 7.4% 22.2% On/Off Road 65.1% 1.6% 33.3%
Sport Bike 85.0% 0.8% 14.3% Sport Bike 74.2% 1.2% 24.6%
Standard 58.5% 6.8% 34.7% Standard 50.6% 4.5% 44.9%
Touring 51.6% 11.7% 36.7% Touring 51.2% 3.9% 44.9%
Trike 62.3% 6.6% 31.1% Trike 61.7% 0.9% 37.4%
Other/ Custom
33.3% 11.1% 55.6%Other/
Custom 30.0% 8.0% 62.0%
Total (3,108) 54.2% 6.7% 39.1% Total (5,092) 49.6% 3.3% 47.1%
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November 3rd, 2011
44.1% 41.5%36.0%
51.4%
30.9%
39.8%
50.5%46.8% 44.6% 42.6%
78.5% 75.8% 75.9%
85.6%80.0%
70.3% 72.1%
85.1%
67.0% 70.0%
Touring + Cruiser Sports Bike
November 3rd, 2011
County
Populatio
n (2010
Estimate)
Motorcycle
Endorsements
( July 2011)
Motorcycle
Registration
s (June
2010)
Operators
Observed
Passengers
ObservedTotal Observed
Total
(per
hr
per
site)
Total
(per
hr
per
site)
Total
(per hr
per
site)
Double-sampled (54 intersections/county)
Broward 1,751,406 69,302 (4.0%) 38,566 692 13 80 1 772 14
Hillsborough 1,203,245 53,247 (4.4%) 29,425 639 12 51 1 691 13
Miami Dade 2,480,597 61,446 (2.5%) 49,713 548 10 39 1 589 11
Orange 1,110,155 54,565 (4.9%) 29,099 1,005 19 155 2 1,160 21
Volusia 505,050 54,397 (10.8%) 35,040 1,683 32 237 4 1,920 36
Single-sampled (27 intersections/county)
Brevard 555,248 45,190 (8.1%) 25,554 661 24 67 3 728 27
Duval 901,271 44,100 (4.9%) 26,445 384 14 54 2 440 16
Palm Beach 1,286,461 52,513 (4.1%) 27,629 247 9 18 1 266 10
Pinellas 927,994 53,846 (5.8%) 31,846 687 25 140 6 827 31
Lee 613,546 40,341 (6.6%) 21,819 268 10 36 1 304 11
Total 11,334,973 528,947 (4.7%) 315,136 6,814 17 877 2 7,697 19
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November 3rd, 2011
141311
21
36
27
16
10
31
11
R² = 0.6176
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12%
# of obse
rvation per hour per site
Propotion of Endorsed Motorcycle Riders to Population
Volusia County
45,190 (8.1%)
Brevard County
November 3rd, 2011
888
663
530 520 505 490
428389
264 264239
218198
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
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November 3rd, 2011
Rank Description of motorcycle convictionAverage number of
citations issued in a six-month period
Average percentage of all citations
issued
1 Warning Issued 1,375 21.5%
2 Unlawful Speed 1,362 19.8%
3Operating Motor Vehicle With Obscure/Deface/No Tag/Registration Certificate
460 7.1%
4Operating Without Driving License /Improper Driving License
412 6.5%
5 Careless Driving 358 5.7%
6Failure To Wear Helmet/Goggles By Either Operator /Passenger
330 5.1%
7 No Proper Endorsement On Driving License 273 4.2%
8Driving While Driving License Is Canceled/Revoked/Suspended/Disqualified
162 2.4%
9 Driving With Expired Tag–6 Months or Less 145 2.2%
10 Failure To Display Driving License 122 1.9%
Total 4,998 76.6%
Indexed Total Number of Motorcycle Citations (Indexed to Jan/June 2006 = 1)
November 3rd, 2011
In 2011 88.9 percent surveyed in 2011 stated that they support the 2008 statute that made training mandatory for motorcycle endorsement. Whereas in 2010 survey about 67 percent of dealership support the 2008 mandatory training for motorcycle endorsement, especially the small dealerships.
More than half (56 percent) of the dealerships were interested in obtaining more information on ways to partner with Florida’s Motorcycle Safety Coalition. Motorcycle dealerships’ active involvement in promoting rider education and safety presents a great opportunity to positively affect motorcycle safety in Florida.
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November 3rd, 2011
Surveys aimed to collect feedback from Florida motorcycle riders to measure the impact of various safety programs in Florida. Overall, statewide motorcycle safety programs are well‐received by motorcycle riders
In terms of the course’s impact on motorcycle rider safety behavior, risky behaviors, such as speeding, riding without wearing a helmet, and riding shortly after drinking alcohol, appear to be effectively deterred
November 3rd, 2011
Use of PPE by motorcycle riders in Florida can be improved
Motorcycle riders are one of the most vulnerable road users. continuous and comprehensive efforts should be made to improve motorcycle safety in Florida
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November 3rd, 2011
http://www.ridesmartflorida.com
Chanyoung LeeCUTR@USF
813.974.5307
