Channel Estimation Final1
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Transcript of Channel Estimation Final1
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CHANNEL ESTIMATION & EQUALIZER DESIGN FOR OFDM
Under the Guidance of :
Mrs. Shalini Singh
Dept. of Electronics and Comm.Engineering
Prepared by:
Deepak Sadanand KhuranaMadhusudan TyagiMohit BhandariNavnit Singh
Final year Project on
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Contents
Area of Work Milestones Achieved OFDM
Transmitter and Receiver of OFDM MATLAB MATLAB System MATLAB Functions MATLAB Toolboxes
Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox
Key Features of Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox Tentative Schedule Ahead
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Area of Work
To study & analyze channel estimation techniquesand equalizer designing techniques for OFDMsystem.
To propose a suitable channel estimation techniqueand then compare its performance with the existingtechniques.
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Milestones Achieved
Sep2010 - Study of Project
Oct2010 - Study of Software
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OFDM
OFDM is a special form of multicarrier transmission whereall the subcarriers are orthogonal to each other to reduce ISIand frequency-selective fading.
Amp
litud
eFrequency
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Channel
h(t)
A\DCP
DeletionP\S DFT
Channel
coding &
modulation
S\P IDFTCP
insertionP\S
X(k) x(n)
S(t)
AWGNn(t)
y(n)Y(K)
Inputdata
Outputdata
D\A
S\P
Channel
decoding &
demodulation r(t)
Transmitter and receiver of OFDM signal
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MATLAB
MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. Itintegrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-useenvironment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiarmathematical notation. Typical uses include:
Math and computation
Algorithm developmentModeling, simulation, and prototyping Data analysis, exploration, and visualization Scientific and engineering graphics Application development, including graphical user interface building
It would take a fraction of the time then actually required to write a program ina scalar non interactive language such as C or Fortran.
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MATLAB System
The MATLAB system consists of five main parts:
Development Environment
This is the set of tools and facilities that help you use MATLAB functions and
files.
(It includes the MATLAB desktop and Command Window, a command history, andbrowsers for viewing help, the workspace, files, and the search path).
The MATLAB Mathematical Function Library
This is a vast collection of computational algorithms ranging from elementaryfunctions like sum, sine, cosine, and complex arithmetic, to more sophisticatedfunctions like matrix inverse, matrix eigen values, Bessel functions, and fastFourier transforms.
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MATLAB System
The MATLAB language.
This is a high-level matrix/array language with control flow statements,functions, data structures, input/output, and object-oriented programmingfeatures.
Handle Graphics
This is the MATLAB graphics system. It includes high-level commands for two-dimensional and three-dimensional data visualization, image processing,animation, and presentation graphics.
The MATLAB Application Program Interface (API).
This is a library that allows you to write C and Fortran programs that interactwith MATLAB.
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MATLAB Functions
Scalar Functions
sin trigonometric sinecos trigonometric cosineexp exponentiallog natural logarithm
abs absolute valuesqrt square root
Vector Functions
max largest component
min smallest componentlength length of a vectorsort sort in ascending ordersum sum of elementsprod product of elements
Matrix Functionseye identity matrix
zeros matrix of zerosones matrix of onesdiag extract diagonal of a matrix or creatediagonal matricestriu upper triangular part of a matrixtril lower triangular part of a matrix
rand randomly generated matrixinv inverse of a matrixrank rank of a matrix
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MATLAB Functions
Graph Functions
plot(x,y) plotsxversus y.
subplot create an array of (tiled) plots in
the same window
loglog plot using log-log scales
semilogx plot using log scale on thex-axis
semilogy plot using log scale on the y-axis
title(____') gives title of graph
IF STATEMENTifrelationstatement(s)elseifrelation % if applicablestatement(s) % if applicableelse % if applicablestatement(s) % if applicableend
FOR STATEMENTfor j=1:4j+2end
Loop Functions:
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MATLAB Toolboxes
Communication Toolbox
Filter Design Toolbox
Control System Toolbox
Fixed-Point Toolbox
Fuzzy Logic Toolbox
Image Processing Toolbox
Neutral Network Toolbox
Signal Processing Toolbox
MATLAB features a family of application-specific solutions called toolboxes.Toolboxes are comprehensive collections of MATLAB functions (M-files) thatextend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of problems.
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Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox
Performs signal processing, analysis, and algorithm development
The toolbox can be used to visualize signals in time and frequencydomains, compute FFTs for spectral analysis, design FIR and IIR filters,
and implement convolution, modulation, resampling, and other signalprocessing techniques.
Algorithms in the toolbox can be used as a basis for developing customalgorithms for audio and speech processing, instrumentation, andbaseband wireless communications.
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Key Features
Signal and linear system models
Waveform and pulse generation functions, including sine, square, sawtooth, and
Gaussian pulse
Statistical signal processing and data windowing functions Power spectral density estimation algorithms
Digital FIR and IIR filter design, analysis, and implementation methods
Analog filter design methods, including Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Bessel
Signal transforms, including fast Fourier transform (FFT), discrete Fourier
transform (DFT), and short-time Fourier transform (STFT)
of Communication and Signal Processing Toolbox
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Tentative Schedule Ahead
Study OfProject
Sept,10
CircuitAnalysis
Designof
TX & RX
Docu-mentation
CompletionOf
Project
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Thank You