Changes in technology1914 - 1936

WWI There was the ‘Maxim’ Machine

gun that used the 303 rifle rounds. This was developed and used before and during WWI. It was mainly used by the British and their allies before the war broke out. It was the precursor to the other ‘Maxims’ and the ‘Vickers’. It was used during trench warfare and some people even say that this gun was the thing that started the ‘Dead lock’.

WWII The type 96 was the main light machine

gun used by the Japanese in WWII. It was used as a defensive gun and was usually mounted on a tri-pod. It was used on island in the pacific so it had to be easy to clean and made of a rust proof weapon so as not to rust in the humid environment of the pacific islands. It was also light weight weapon so as it could easily be carried from place to place while they advanced.

Now days The M249 is one of the

best light machine guns available today with the ability to fire 750 rounds per minute. It is one of the most common machine guns with at least 2 in most units of the US army. It effective from a range of up to 800 meters.

It is not one of the newest and most popular guns in the military forces but it is one of the best.

2 Types of Planes

1. High Fighter Aircrafts Attacks opponents aircrafts The pilot is well known to

drop bombs Fast, small and easy to drive Can easily locate enemy forces Flown around renaissance

forces

2. Ground Attack Aircrafts Attacks targets on the ground Fly’s low Extremely hazardous Very accurate Bombs are dropped at the front of the

opponents forces Rather than planned, like fighter aircrafts,

bombs are dropped during the battle Short take off and landing capabilities Used at night

How Have the Planes Improved?

Ground Attack Aircrafts: Navigation ability was improved Improved life expectancy by adding a cockpit (one

seater, titanium, large, bulletproof bubble = good vision

High Fighter Aircrafts: Engine power was limited at first, but

slowly grew More weapons/ explosives could be

carried onboard in 1938 - more space

Evolution of TanksBy: Sarig Cohen

A tank is a tracked, armored fighting vehicle designed for front-line combat which combines operational mobility and tactical offensive and defensive capabilities

Two Ways Tanks were used1st use- Tanks were used to try to convert the trench warfare

into a more open battle. The British used tanks because they could travel on more heavy terrain.

2nd use- Tanks were powerful and strong they carried loads such as ammunition or medical supplies to the infantry. Sometimes even carrying a group of soldiers.

Comparison of Tanks in WW1 and WW2

Description WW1- British Mark 1 Tank WW2 American Sherman Tank

Speed Max 3.7 mph Max 24 mphWeight 28 tons (28,450kg) 33.4 tons (33,400kg)

Armor 324 rounds of 6 pound guns, 6 machine guns

Armor- 19-99 mmMain gun- 75 mm1 .50 cal machine gun, 2 m19 machine guns

Size Length- 32.6 ftWidth- 13.9 ft Height- 7.45 ft

Length- 19.2ftWidth-8.7 ftHeight- 9 ft

Success First tank in history, went to combat on 15 September 1916 made little almost no impact

At par with the medium German panzer tank, first saw action on October 1942, superior to German tanks in North Africa

Tanks during WW1 were much slower and unreliable than the tanks during WW2. Often the tanks on the battlefield would break down, get stuck in the mud, fall in a wide trench or the caterpillar belt would come off.

Navy The navy of all sides of the WW1 participants

increased dramatically because it was believed that who ever owned the seas could control the trade

HMS DreadnoughtHMS Dreadnought was a battleship of the British Royal Navy that changed naval power when it was created in 1906. Dreadnought became an icon of navel power having an entire line named after it. As well as making pre-generations

of ships known as "pre-dreadnoughts".

Battle cruisersOriginally used as a large and powerful armoured cruiser used to protect trade, supporting in battles. They

were the same size as battleships and with a similar main armament, but less firepower, they had much weaker armour but could move faster.

DestroyersThey were a larger, faster type of boat with large amounts of gun armament. They were designed to destroy torpedo

boats. During WW1 were used for many roles including convoy escort, patrol, offensive torpedo attacks etc.

World war 2

• HMS Dreadnought- was not used for WW2 they were sold for scraps or used as targets.

• Battle cruisers- were a type of ship so they were just given better technology.

• Destroyers- Also were a type of ship so increased in effectiveness with the technology that was implemented between WW1 and WW2

Submarines in WWI• New way of fighting

• All Empires developed submarines before and during WWI

• Submarines were used for intelligence (gather information) as well as sinking enemy ships

HMS/m E9• British submarine• Started to operate in the beginning of the war• Operated in the Baltic• sank many German ships• It was so successful that the Germans named

the Baltic “Horton’s sea” after the Submarine’s commander

U 33• German submarine• Started to operate before the war started• Operated in the English channel• Sank many British ships• Was sunk by the British in 1918• Still threatens ships

because it is fully armed with bombs.

Comparison

• The submarines had developed between WWI and WWII, the submarines became:

• Faster• More powerful• Larger• Equipped with more advanced

technology like sonar and radars.

Gas Masks from WWI to WWII

• By: Thomas StanfordA gas mask is a mask like device containing or attached to a component that filters the air inhaled by the wearer through charcoal and chemicals, for protecting the face and lungs against noxious gases and fumes, as in warfare or in certain industrial processes.

WWI Gas Masks

• When gas begun to be used as a weapon, the defense didn’t have any equipment to help them

• Eventually, goggles were made and respirators was brought in to fight against gas

• finally all in one gas masks were made to cover the face, eyes, mouth, with a filter

• Gas Masks were also made for animals but they didn’t cover the eyes

Gas masks were needed because gasses such as chlorine, disphosgene, and phosgene caused severe breathing difficultiesBenzyl bromide caused eyes to waterDichlorethylsulfide burned and blistered the skin, causing temporary blindness and if inhaled flooded the lungs

WWII Gas Masks

• WWII gas masks didn’t differ much from the gas masks used in WWI

• The only difference was that the canvas was replaced with rubber and disinfectant was used

• Gas masks didn’t change much from WWI to WWII just the addition of rubber.

• The evolution of gas masks happened during WWI

The usage of Gas during WW1By Phil

Biochemical warfare and the search for mass destruction

Through the final stages of world war 1, involved countries were coming up with ever new ways of mass destruction. The goal was to discover methods that would minimize the use of soldiers and yet be powerful and destructive weapons on the battlefields. Early ideas included airplane bombing. Soon however, a new and more destructive method was used, biochemical warfare was discovered.

The beginning of the

gas age

• Gas was the technology of future. It could wipe out whole battalions and strike the enemy heavily and unexpectedly.

• Poison gas (chlorine) wasused for the first time atthe Second Battle of Ypresin April 1915. The gas wasused by the Germans to effectively eliminate the French and Algerian lines.

Shattering of morals• The obvious

response was that the allies also used poison gas in battle. Already the first theories of world destruction through biochemical warfare zooming through the public who were even more terrified by this new development. It was quickly obvious that this trend of mass destruction could not be continued. However, it did. This kind of warfare was unethical, however, it was also effective although there were relatively few casualties on each side.

Quick and necessary responses

• Armies quickly produced gas masks that gave protection as long as sufficient warning was given of a gas attack. However, the attacks still killed many soldiers and harmed the environment and diverse ecosystems in ways that could not be comprehended. Although gas was stilled used throughout much of the war, and governments came to a silent agreement that mass slaughtering was not the way of their warfare

Developmental euphoria

• It was the first time that chemical warfare was used in warfare. This relatively harmless display of the power of science brought with it great imaginary power and riddles to solve for generations to come. It was like all else in war: Destructive, death bringing and at the end of all days pointless.

ReferencesMACHINE GUNS• http://www.grantsmilitaria.com/militariaphotos/militaria_images.asp?key=375

• http://www.wwiiguns.com/store/product_details.php?p=83

• http://www.nebraskahistory.org/images/exhibits/national_guard/rodriguez/gunner.jpg

• http://www.army.mil/factfiles/equipment/individual/m249.htmlPLANES• (n.d.). In World War 1. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://library.thinkquest.org/J0110426/wwI/ww1.html

• (2009, Sept. 27). In World War One Aeroplanes. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.ww1aeroplanesinc.org/types-of-aircraft-duri...

• (n.d.). In History of Airplanes. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://library.thinkquest.org/J0112389/airplanes.htm

• (2009, Aug. 22). In First World War. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.firstworldwar.com/airwar/groundattack.htm

• (n.d.). In Airforce. Retrieved Aug. 25, 2010, from http://www.airforce-technology.com/projects/a-10/SUBMARINES• http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/british_submarines_1900_to_1918.htm

• http://firstworldwar.cloudworth.com/submarines-of-ww1.php

• http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-476066/The-ghost-U-Boat-33-German-sub-sunk-1918-threatening-surface-Channel.html

• http://uboat.net/wwi/boats/?boat=33

• http://www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk/d+eclass.htm#E 9

• http://entertainment.webshots.com/photo/2165790610101613328DYxMJj

• http://airlandseaweapons.devhub.com/blog/530536-the-e-class-submarine/

• http://adjunct.diodon349.com/us_subs/dbf_photos/guppy_submarines_internal_photos_dbf.htm